Jingzhou society

Education has developed steadily. The enrollment of primary schools and ordinary middle schools in the city is 63,900 and136,900 respectively, with 365,000 students and 45 100 respectively, and 77,600 graduates and164,300 respectively. The structure of educational resources and the layout of schools have been further optimized, and the funding guarantee mechanism for rural compulsory education has been further improved. Vocational and technical education has developed rapidly. In 2007, the number of students registered in ordinary middle schools was 40,736, with 99,984 students and 20,084 graduates. The scale of higher education continues to expand. There are 9 universities in the city, with 32,400 students, 1 1.2 million students and 29,808 graduates. (Data as of 20 12)

In 20 13, the enrollment of primary schools and ordinary middle schools in Jingzhou was 59,500 and 84,500 respectively, the number of students reached 3170,800 and 256,200 respectively, and the number of graduates reached 47,400 and 97,200 respectively. There are 26 secondary vocational education schools in the city, with an enrollment of 1. 1.9 million, 36,400 students and 1.68 million graduates. There are 8 universities with 32,000 students1654.38+0.35 million and 30,000 graduates.

Ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities

Yangtze University, College of Arts and Sciences of Yangtze University (Independent College), College of Engineering and Technology of Yangtze University (Independent College)

General college

Jingzhou Vocational and Technical College, Jingzhou Vocational and Technical College, Jingzhou Education College, Hubei College of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

adult college

The average life expectancy of Jingzhou Radio and TV University reached 75.93 years, the delivery rate of pregnant women increased from 92% to 97%, the maternal mortality rate was controlled within 20/65438+ 10,000, the infant mortality rate decreased from 8.44‰ to 4.75‰, and the mortality rate of children under 5 years old decreased from 12.55‰ to 6.33‰. Gong 'an County and Shishou City were rated as advanced counties in the province's "mother and baby safety" activities, 77 medical and health institutions were awarded the title of "baby-friendly hospital", and 152 obstetrics department of medical and health institutions was rated as qualified obstetrics department. The number of registered auxiliary medical personnel (physicians, practical nurse) 1.2 1 10,000, and the number of beds 1. 1 10,000. The city's health financial allocation increased from 60 million yuan to 654.38+0 billion yuan, an increase of 82%; The fixed assets of medical and health institutions in the city increased from 654.38+0.23 billion yuan to 654.38+0.65 billion yuan, an increase of 34%; Professional equipment increased from 500 million yuan to 940 million yuan, an increase of 86%.

The city invested 450 million yuan in treasury bonds and self-raised funds for the construction of infrastructure such as houses and equipment in health institutions. After SARS, * * invested1060,000 yuan for fever clinics of township hospitals, infectious disease wards of county-level people's hospitals, municipal infectious disease hospitals, county-level disease prevention and control centers, municipal medical emergency rescue centers and 99 township hospitals, and the functions of public health and rural health services were significantly improved.

Shishou City was named as "Health City in Hubei Province", two towns were named as "Health Townships in Hubei Province", 22 1 unit was named as "Health Unit in the whole province" and nine hospitals were named as "Health Education Demonstration Hospitals in Hubei Province". The penetration rate of tap water in rural areas in the city is 52%, and the penetration rate of sanitary toilets is 70%, which is higher than the provincial average. (Data as of 20 12)

By the end of 20 13, there were 3,304 medical and health institutions in Jingzhou, with 35,437 staff members, including 25,889 health technicians. There are 23,447 beds of all kinds in the city. In 2007, the city won 9 national science and technology projects, 58 provincial science and technology projects and 70 municipal science and technology projects. There are 1 1 enterprises in the city that have passed the qualification evaluation of high-tech enterprises by the Ministry and the Provincial Science and Technology Department respectively, including 67 provincial-level high-tech enterprises and 7 national-level high-tech enterprises. The city * * * registered 52 scientific and technological achievements, of which 4 1 was recognized, 1 won the second prize of national scientific and technological progress, and 17 won the provincial science and technology award. 330 patents were applied, with a year-on-year increase of 15%. (Data as of 20 12)

In 20 13, Jingzhou * * * won 49 million yuan of national and provincial science and technology projects, and in the whole year * * won 6 1 projects of science and technology at or above the provincial level, including 5/kloc-0 projects of national science and technology plan. The number of patent applications reached 1499, including 3 invention patents, 848 utility models, 332 designs and 740 enterprise patents. The amount of patent granted is 1000. Guandi Temple Association Every year on the first month of the lunar calendar and the third day of May, Guandi Temple will hold a large-scale temple fair. At that time, people in Jingzhou, Hubei Province will play dragon lanterns, row lotus boats, ride horses and shoot arrows, and blow horns to cover sedan chairs, making the Guandi Temple very lively inside and outside. Jingzhou people worship Guan Gong, which has become a custom for thousands of years.

Jingzhou is the birthplace of dragon boat culture in China. The annual "China Jingzhou International Dragon Boat Festival" has become a unique cultural product of Jingzhou, an important carrier of opening to the outside world and a grand festival for the people of the city.

Jingzhou Ancient Painting Opera is one of the major local operas in Hubei Province, formerly known as Huaguzi, Mianyang Ancient Painting Opera and Tian Yan Ancient Painting Opera. There are many delicious foods in Jingzhou, such as Jingzhou fish cake/fish balls, braised pork with thousand layers of meat, lapi eel, winter melon and turtle skirt soup, pearl glutinous rice balls, Jiangling eight-treasure rice, police beef, Songzi Dubo chicken, Shishou pen rack fish belly, Honghu lotus root lotus belt and Honghu wild duck. Snacks: Bathroom noodles, Gongan Guokui, Gongan bean skin, rice balls, glutinous rice soaked in beans, beef rice noodles in Huangjiatang, little tiger duck, etc.

Jingzhou fish cake

As the eight famous dishes in Jingzhou/Shashi area, fish cake has a long history. During the Warring States Period two thousand years ago, the capital of Chu was about five kilometers north of Jingzhou today. Chu people prefer to eat fish, and Kyoto is extremely rich in fish dishes. One of the fish farms has a very good business. The owner owns a fish pond and attracts diners with fresh food. In the hot summer of this year, business suddenly collapsed. There are too many fresh fish in the pond, but many of them are dead. The shopkeeper was reluctant to throw it away for a while, so he simply fished it out and poked it, washed the stains and chopped it into a paste, and added tofu and egg white to make a cake. Sprinkle white wine to remove fishy smell and steam in a cage. After steaming, the kitchen smelled of fish. The boss was happy, and the next day he asked the chef to cut the fish cake into pieces, drench it with various seasonings and steam it. It was sold at the door, but it was robbed by diners. Since then, this fish restaurant specializes in specialty fish cakes and made a fortune. In production, kitchen workers have been constantly improving and the quality is getting better and better. It has become famous in Beijing, and even the royal family and relatives sent people to buy it. The "Jingzhou Fish Cake" passed down from generation to generation is made of white fish. Crystal white, fresh and fragrant, with a Chu flavor. Later generations also fried fish balls with red fish and stewed vegetables with chicken, pork loin and pork belly, which became a famous banquet in Jingzhou. Above the feast, white fish cakes and red fish balls complement each other, which is particularly eye-catching and stimulates people's appetite. If you can try Jingsha fish cake and fish balls once, you won't forget it.

Zhang Qian braised pork

This dish is made of fat and thin pork belly, boiled and fried in water, browned in brown sugar, sliced and steamed in a bowl. Because the sliced pork is as thin as paper, the shape is like a shuttle, and there are many slices, it is named thousand slices of pork, also known as combed meat. According to legend, when Duan Wenchang, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, returned to his hometown in Jiangling, this dish was improved on the basis of the traditional method of making comb meat and brought back to Chang 'an for friends to taste. Since then, this dish has become famous in all directions.

Winter melon and turtle skirt soup

Winter melon and turtle skirt soup is a kind of soup made by stewing the skirt of turtle (also known as turtle, grouper and foot fish) with tender winter melon. Its manufacturing method is exquisite and the materials are exquisite. Slaughter the fat-skirt turtle, take off the skirt and cut into pieces, stir-fry with high fire, add chicken soup and seasoning, and then stew in the tender wax gourd until the turtle skirt melts. This dish has the effects of nourishing yin and tonifying kidney, clearing away heat and diminishing inflammation. This is a medicinal diet, which was popular in Jiangling as early as 1000 years ago in the Song Dynasty. According to the Records of Jiangling County, when Zhang went to visit relatives, he asked: What did Jiangling see? Stewed turtle soup with white gourd. This is the dish.

Fried lotus root pills

Legend has it that when Emperor Qianlong visited Honghu Lake in the south of the Yangtze River three times, the local state officials asked the chefs to perform stunts, so that the son of heaven could eat lotus roots but not see them. The chefs thought of their own specialties. One of them remembered that lotus root was used to satisfy hunger in famine years, and lotus root was mashed into lotus root pills, so it was mixed and cooked carefully. Emperor Qianlong ate it and his face was wide open. Back in Beijing, he designated fried lotus root pills as imperial food.

Jingzhou babaofan

Jingzhou Babao rice was originally handed down by a royal chef in the Qing Dynasty who opened a restaurant in Jingzhou City after coming out of the imperial court. For more than a hundred years, although the times have become more overlapping, the royal flavor of Babao rice has not diminished, and it is called "Eight Treasures of Imperial Diet". This eight-treasure rice is made by steaming red dates, lotus seeds, coix seed, longan, honey cherry, honey wax gourd strips, sweet-scented osmanthus and glutinous rice, and then adding white sugar and lard to stew. Therefore, it is also called "three stewed eight treasures". When eaten in your mouth, it feels smooth and soluble, sweet and delicious, oily but not greasy, sweet but not greasy, so that you can have a shallow spoon to taste it carefully and have a long aftertaste when you leave the table.

Zaotangmian

Breakfast noodles are a famous traditional breakfast in Shashi, which has a history of one hundred years. With regard to the origin of breakfast noodles, a more convincing argument is that after the opening of 1895 Shashi, the local noodle shop owner made this greasy noodle with delicious soup according to the characteristics that dock workers here like to eat heavy food because of physical labor. Because dockers often go to noodle restaurants to eat noodles in the early hours of the morning and then go to work, they get the name.

Glutinous rice wrapped in fritters

Fried dough sticks wrapped in glutinous rice: it's a genius invention, and hamburgers can't be compared with hot dogs. Small table, square inch, glutinous rice, fried dough sticks, shredded kelp, shredded salted fish, shredded radish, shredded potato, shredded mustard tuber, shredded beef and canned ham, all complement each other and are natural. Perhaps only young students who go to school by bike with one hand in cold winter understand best.

Miyuanzi

Mi Mariko: (We usually call it tofu Zi Yuan) It's mainly about eating. If it tastes good, you need all the seasonings, including 12 seasonings such as shrimp and laver, and 12 seasonings for a bowl of rice in Zi Yuan. The taste is unimaginable. This shrimp is hard to say. Must choose 2 cm long, when the new dry, especially dry shrimp, in order to play a special flavor, not soaked. However, it is not enough to have a taste, but also to have a smooth rice yuan. Before, the master said that to make a good meal, you must be very careful, and every process should not be sloppy. First, choose good new rice as raw material, then grind the rice into fine rice slurry, add auxiliary materials to increase viscosity, and then heat it. After the rice paste is made into paste, it is made into round rice yuan.

Dingding cake

Top cake: Top cake steamed in wooden cage, about 3 cm thick, white and tender, small and round in shape. When eating, put it on with a bamboo stick, dip it in some sugar, sesame seeds or other seasonings, and take a bite. Soft and sweet, nice and delicious. I have loved it since I was a child.

Steam rake

Soda rake: it's just a paste on the pot. Draw a circle with bamboo pieces and cover it for a while. The top layer tastes like a cake, and the bottom layer is golden and crisp. I have been eating this kind of food since primary school until I graduated from high school. Going to college seems rare, but I love it so much.

Soak glutinous rice with beans.

The so-called soybean is actually soybean. We Jingzhou people call round beans "flocculent peas", so round beans soaked in glutinous rice are also called "flocculent peas soaked in glutinous rice", which is the favorite of many Jingzhou people when they eat breakfast prematurely. The production method is to soak the washed soybeans overnight until they are soft, and then cook them thoroughly with thick soup. Finally, a certain amount of glutinous rice can be steamed to make this delicious snack. When eating, first put a few spoonfuls of cooked beans in the bowl, then add the same amount of glutinous rice, then mix with fresh soup, preferably sparerib soup, and finally sprinkle a little chives, add some salt and chicken essence (monosodium glutamate will do), and a bowl of delicious beans soaked in glutinous rice will be ready. This is just a vegetarian diet. In fact, this snack can also be made into meat, only with ribs. That will only make it more delicious. When a spoonful of glutinous rice soaked in tofu is put into your mouth to taste, it only feels fragrant and delicious, and the thick soup boiled beans are smooth and delicious. If the ribs with delicious meat are mixed together, the feeling can really be described as "enjoyment in taste". You can also eat it this way, that is, put the beans mixed with ribs in one bowl, and then put the cooked glutinous rice in another bowl. When eating, first eat a spoonful of glutinous rice to experience the fragrance, and then eat a spoonful of beans mixed with ribs to experience the wonderful taste. The two flavors taste each other, making you feel an unprecedented taste. I really like this way of eating.

lotus root and rip soup

Lotus root ribs soup: "Wild duck ridge lotus root everywhere, autumn harvest full of sail rice." Everyone says that heaven is beautiful. How can it be better than Honghu Lake? " This is an episode in the movie Honghu Red Guards. Jingzhou Honghu Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Jianghan Plain, located in the southwest of Jingzhou City. Every autumn and winter in Jingzhou, Hubei Province, whether it is a big hotel or a small restaurant, the dish of roasted lotus root soup is indispensable. The "roast" that the locals say is actually stew, and the lotus root in Jingzhou is the most distinctive!

Spicy hot pot

Mala Tang: It is especially famous for the women's street in Shashi. I believe everyone likes it very much. Although it makes me breathless sometimes, I still like it. Mala Tang is simply a pot of stew, consisting of n kinds of dishes. You order a few dishes and cook them in a big pot, which makes you want to eat your next meal. Although it is so simple to cook and not simple and spicy to eat, it can't be said to be spicy, sweet, spicy and memorable.

Huangjiatang beef rice noodle

Beef rice noodles: Like breakfast noodles, Jingzhou people who like heavy taste generally choose beef rice noodles, which makes people swallow their saliva when they think of it. The most famous beef rice noodle restaurant in Shashi, as long as people in Shashi know it is in Huangjiatang, listen to their staff. Their beef noodle soup has more than 20 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines and seasonings, as well as beef bones, so the soup is so fresh, and their beef yard is also carefully marinated, 18 kinds of seasonings, and it takes four hours to marinate. Jingzhou, also known as Jiangling City, is a famous historical and cultural city in China, a national key cultural relic protection unit, one of the birthplaces of Chu culture, and a famous ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms. In history, the stories of "Liu Bei borrowed Jingzhou" and "Guan Yu lost Jingzhou" all happened here. Jingzhou ancient city is located in the traffic fortress connecting east, west, north and south. Has always been a battleground for military strategists. Jingzhou city has been destroyed and built repeatedly. Jingzhou Ancient City was last built in the third year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1646), and it was built on the original site and has been preserved to this day. This is a rare wall in the south of China.

Urban tourist attractions present a pattern of "one city with many pieces". "One City" is the historical scenic tourist area of Jingzhou ancient city in the central city, including scenic spots: Jingzhou Ancient City Wall, Dongmen Scenic Area, Jinfeng Square, Totem Column, Jiulong Bridge, Jiulong Garden, Guan Gong Temple, Nanmen Scenic Area, Guandi Temple, Jingzhou Museum, Jingzhou Wenbo Garden, Jingzhou Antique City, Sanyi Street, Dabei Gate Scenic Area, Taihui View, Jiulao Xiandu Scenic Area and Jiangling Basin. Jingzhou Museum was rated as the first batch of "4A" museums in China, ranking first among municipal museums in China, with a collection of more than 6.5438+0.3 million cultural relics, including nearly 500 national first-class cultural relics (sets). Urban attractions: Zhongshan Park, Zhanghua Temple, Hu Wen Park, Yuqiao Amusement Park, Binjiang Park, Wanshou Tower, Bordet Base, etc. Surrounding attractions include: Changhu Wetland Reserve, Jinan Archaeological Site Park, Yuncheng Site, Xiongjia Site Museum, Baling Mountain National Forest Park, Liao Wang Tomb, Beizha Scenic Area, etc. "Duopian" refers to the newly developed Songzi Weishui Scenic Area, Honghu National Wetland Nature Reserve, Honghu Yuexi Peninsula Hot Spring Resort, Shishou Swan Island Baiji Dolphin Elk Nature Reserve and Gongan Huangshantou Forest Park. Jingzhou Ancient City Wall was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relic protection unit. Because of its well-preserved and complete shape, it ranks second among the seven ancient city walls in China. Jointly apply for the World Cultural Heritage with the seven ancient city walls in China.

Jingzhou ancient city covers a total area of 4.6 square kilometers and is divided into three floors. The outermost layer is Shuicheng, the middle is brick city, and the inside is Shuicheng Tucheng (moat (full length 10500m, width 30m, water depth 4m, Taihu Lake in the west, Lianlian Lake in the east, connected with the ancient canal; The original East Gate (Yingbin Gate), Small East Gate (Gongan Gate and Watergate), North Gate (Gongan Gate), Small North Gate (Yuan 'anmen), West Gate (An Lan Gate) and South Gate (Nanji Gate) (6 doors, except Xiaodongmen, the other five doors are composed of two doors, including Wengcheng. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), three new doors were opened, namely. Zhanghua Temple, located in Taishi College, Shashi City, Hubei Province, is a famous temple in Jingchu. It ranks as one of the three jungles in Hubei Province alongside Hanyang Guiyuan Temple and dangyang yuquan temple, and is a key protected unit in Hubei Province.

According to the inscription in the temple, the temple was built in the Taiding period of the Yuan Dynasty, that is, around 1325. Reconstruction of Zhanghua Temple in Qing Dynasty. The building area of the temple is 65438+2000 square meters. The main buildings are the Mountain Gate, the Heavenly King Hall, the God of Wealth Temple, the Wei Tuo Hall, the Ursa Major Hall, the Guanyin Hall, the Tomi Hall, the Tibetan Scripture Building, the Zen Hall, the Buddhist Temple, the Jingyue Hall, the Zhaitang, the Guest Hall and the Abbot Room, which are grand in scale and momentum. The whole temple is a palace-style building pattern, with reasonable layout and resplendence. Huangshantou National Forest Park is one of the first national forest parks approved by the Ministry of Forestry in July 1992. Huangshan Mountain, which extends from Wuling Mountain, is adjacent to the Yangtze River in the north and Dongting in the south. It is located in the south of Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, and is the junction of the three counties and cities of public security, Shishou and Anxiang at the junction of southern Hubei and northern Hunan. Jing (Jingzhou (East) Dongyue Temple (Expressway and 207 national highway pass through the border from the north. It is 0/00km away from Jingzhou/KLOC-and it is a tourist attraction integrating natural scenery and human landscape. Huangshan Mountain, which stands thousands of miles above Pingchuan, is named after "the earth and stone are all yellow". Huangshantou National Forest Park has a total area of 65,438+000 square kilometers, a central scenic spot of 50 square kilometers, and 32 peaks, with the main peak at an altitude of 286 meters.