General situation of Cao 'e River water conservancy

Before 1958, the wooden sailboat went upstream from the mouth of the Cao 'e River, and went straight to Changle and Xinchang County of Shengzhou via Shangyu. After the upstream, soil erosion, river siltation, shipping mileage shortened. By the early 1980s, motorboats in the trunk channel could still reach Zhang zhen and Shangyu, while wooden sailboats could only reach Shengzhou. The tributaries Chengtan River, Changle River, New Yangtze River, Huangzejiang River, Xiaoshunjiang River, Lidong River and Fanyangjiang River are all closed to navigation. In the middle and late 1980s, Cao 'e River excavated building sand, which played a dredging role and deepened the riverbed. Motorboats can reach Zhangpu, Shengzhou, and the navigation mileage of the main stream is 71.8km.. The main channel of Cao 'e River runs from Zhangpu, Shengzhou to Zhang zhen, Shangyu, with a total length of 7.4 kilometers. The channel is curved, the riverbed is high, and there are few ships sailing. The main channel from Zhang zhen to Cao 'e River in Shangyu of Cao 'e River is 3 1.5km long, with a riverbed width of 100 ~ 600m, with a gradient of 0.77%, an average water depth of 1 ~ 2m and a bottom width of 10 ~ 50m. It can sail 20 to 40 tons of ships all year round. The reach from Caoejiang Town to Sanjiangzha in Keqiao District, Shangyu, Caoejiang River is tidal, with a length of 32.9 kilometers, an average water depth of 4 to 5 meters and a shoal of 0.3 to 1.5 meters. Generally 10 to 20 tons of ships are navigable. The tributary waterway project in Shangyu area of Cao 'e River has undergone many reforms since the founding of the People's Republic of China. It mainly includes: building a diversion dam on Touma Long, and using flood to impact the beach to form a 200-meter-long waterway; The channel from Guanbai to Lihai was widened from 1.0m to 20m, and the navigation capacity was increased from 5t to15t. Newly-opened Guanbai-Songxia River13.33km, connecting Qianni Village, forming Baini Waterway, with a length of 22.7 1 km and a navigable capacity of 10 to 20t; It also dredged seven tributary waterways from Guanbai to Qianjiang, Bailijiang and Geili, with a total length of 68.2 kilometers.

Lihai Port, located at the mouth of Cao 'e River, is an important seaport in past dynasties. In the 20th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1387), Tanghe, a new duke of state, built Lihai Suocheng, 70 miles northwest of Shangyu District, and collected lijin tax. All items must be donated.

Xinbutou Port, located in the lower reaches of Cao 'e River, is at the intersection of Mashan, Sunduanwai River and inland river, with a wide river surface and less wind and waves. Fanhai has been in and out for a long time in history. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, the coastline moved northward, and the Su Ying Gate of Sanjiang was built. Xinbutou Port has become the only seaport in Shaoxing. Maritime materials are mainly salt, salty brine, fresh fish and grain, while maritime materials are mainly bamboo, wood, infrastructure materials and wine sauce. Its sea route can reach Guanbai from Cao 'e River in the south, leave the mouth of Cao 'e River in the north to Hangzhou Bay, and turn to Anton, Zhoushan and Shengsi in the east. Crossing Guimen to the west leads to Fuyang, Hangzhou, and to Zhapu and Shanghai in the northeast. Most of the ships coming in and out are 3-5 sailboats with 20-50 tons. The port gradually declined from the 1950s of 19, and was abandoned in the mid-1960s.

Caoejiang Port is located in Caoejiang Street, Shangyu, in the middle reaches of Caoejiang River, close to Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway and Hangzhou-Ningbo Highway, and the East Zhejiang Canal passes through the port area. The economic hinterland of this port is Shangyu District and Shengzhou Three Blocks. The export materials are mainly yellow sand in Cao 'e River, with an annual throughput of over one million tons. The total area of the port area is 865,438+500,000 square meters, of which the land area is 265,438+300,000 square meters, the water area is 60,200 square meters, the coastline is 0.74 kilometers, the warehouse is 380 square meters, the storage yard is 8,860 square meters, and the total throughput is 65,438+480,000 tons. During the Republic of China, there were 12 docks in the port area. 1958 New wharf along Cao 'e River. There are 1989 docks. Caoe Triangle Station has a coastline of 650 meters and a daily throughput of 1500 tons. Wuzhangyan Reservoir is located in Yushan Platform, Pan 'an County, away from Jianshan Town 1 km. Its water system is Jiaxi in the upper reaches of Chengtan River in Cao 'e River Basin. It is a medium-sized headwater reservoir with power generation as the mainstay and comprehensive utilization of flood control, irrigation and aquaculture. The reservoir started in June 1969 1 1, and was completed in June 1980. The dam is an earth-rock dam with clay core wall, and the maximum dam height is 46 meters. The rainwater harvesting area of the reservoir is106.2km2, the length of the main stream is16.7km, the total storage capacity is 216300 m3, and the normal storage capacity is16500 m3. The hub building consists of dam, normal spillway, emergency spillway, power generation and water conveyance tunnel, primary power station, secondary power station, north-south riser and three sets of irrigation channels in the south, north and west. The reservoir has a storage capacity of 25.9 million cubic meters, and there are three towns in the irrigation area: Jianshan, Yushan and Wancang.

Nanshan Reservoir, located on Nanshan River, 4km south of Changle Town, Shengzhou, controls the rainwater harvesting area of109.8km2, accounting for 12.7% of the Changle River basin area, with a total storage capacity of105000 m3, a storage capacity of 69.87m m3 and a storage capacity of 45.45m m3 for flood control. This is a large reservoir. Give priority to irrigation, taking into account flood control and power generation. The reservoir started in June 1958 and was completed in June 1980. The dam is 72 meters high (the highest earth dam in the province) and the top of the dam is 242 meters long. The installed capacity of the power station is 3750 kilowatts. The reservoir can irrigate 89,000 mu of farmland in 24 townships (towns) such as Nanshan, Changle, Shihuang, Ganlin and Lincheng in Shengzhou, and 5 1 10,000 mu of farmland will benefit from flood control.

Shanyuan Reservoir is located on Chengjiang River, a tributary of Changle River in Changle Town, Shengzhou. Rainwater storage area is 52 square kilometers, with total storage capacity 1 0,006,5438+0,000 cubic meters, storage capacity of 7.5 million cubic meters and flood control storage capacity of 3.4 million cubic meters, which are mainly used for irrigation, flood control and power generation. Construction started in September 1958, and the initial water storage benefited from May 1962. It was expanded in 1972. Starting from 1976, according to the once-in-a-year flood control standard in 2000, the spillway tunnel was excavated and the dam was heightened. /kloc-0 completed in may, 979. * * * Earthwork 64 10000 cubic meters, concrete and masonry 5400 cubic meters, national investment 1667000 yuan, 788000 person-days. The dam is a sand shell dam with loess core wall, with a height of 4 1m, a length of 1.47m and an irrigation area of 1.05 million mu. The installed capacity of the power station is 650 kilowatts.

Liaowan Reservoir is located on Dakun River, a tributary of Changle River in Changle Town, Shengzhou City. The rainwater storage area is 40.4 square kilometers, with a total storage capacity of1/kloc-0.5 million cubic meters, a storage capacity of 6.885 million cubic meters and a flood control storage capacity of 6.35 million cubic meters, which is mainly used for flood control. Construction started in April, 1972, flood interception in summer, 1977 benefited. 1completed by the end of 982 according to the dam protection standard of once in 5000. * * * Earthwork 1, 363,000 cubic meters, concrete and masonry 2 1, 000 cubic meters, state investment of 6601.6 million yuan, and labor input of 3601.7 million person-days. The dam is 63 meters high and 244 meters long. This is a clay core rockfill dam. The flood control protection area is 3000 mu. The installed capacity of the power station is 1260 kW.

Zhao Chang Reservoir is located above 1 km of Zhao Chang Village, Yulin Street, Xinchang County. It controls the rainwater storage area of Xinchang River by 276 square kilometers, accounting for 5 1.6% of its basin area, with a total storage capacity of186.48 million cubic meters, an operational storage capacity of136.4 million cubic meters and a flood control storage capacity of 95.5 million cubic meters. The project focuses on flood control, combined with irrigation and power generation, and the benefit scope covers Xinchang, Shengzhou and Shangyu counties (cities and districts). The reservoir was built in July, 1958. It was originally designed as an earth dam, but it was stopped because of lack of financial resources and labor, and only a diversion tunnel was opened. 1972 1 1 resumed work,1979 closed the hole and stored water on March 29th, and19821kloc-0/0 passed the completion acceptance organized by the provincial water resources department on October 24th. The dam is a gravity dam with fine stone concrete masonry, with a crest elevation of 140m, a dam width of 12m, a dam length of 2 1 1m and a maximum dam height of 68m. The installed capacity of this power station is 6000 kilowatts. The designed flood control area of the reservoir is 130400 mu, and the irrigation area is 290200 mu. After the completion of the diversion irrigation project of Shengzhou main canal extending to Pukou and Shangyu Shangpu, its actual irrigation area has exceeded 500,000 mu.

Qiaoying Reservoir is located on the Huang Ze River in the southeast of Qiaoying Village, Qiaoying Township, Xinchang. The rainwater collection area is 46 square kilometers, with a total storage capacity of 27.6 million cubic meters. Li Xing has a storage capacity of 20 million cubic meters and a flood control storage capacity of 7.6 million cubic meters, which is mainly based on irrigation and combines flood control with power generation. 1974 started in April and 1980 was completed in February. The main canal runs from the reservoir along the watershed of Xinchang River and Huangzejiang River to Xijiao Township, with a total length of 5 1km, and is known as "Xinchang Hongqi Canal". The irrigation area is 38,600 mu, and the installed capacity of reservoir power station is 1.26 million kilowatts. Next to the main canal.

The dam site of Menxi Reservoir is located on the Menxi River at the foot of Wang Longgang, Huishan Town, Xinchang. The rainwater collection area is 38 square kilometers, and the total storage capacity is 2 1, 3 1, 000 cubic meters, Li Xing storage capacity 1, 856 million cubic meters, and flood control storage capacity 1, 2 1, 600 cubic meters. The reservoir will store water in wet season and generate electricity in dry season, which will bear part of the peak load of county power grid and increase the power generation of downstream cascade hydropower stations. 1984 started construction,1May 989 1 1 closed the tunnel for water storage. The dam is a hyperbolic arch dam with a height of 49.84m and a crest length of 143.6. The installed capacity of the power station is 2× 1600 kW. 1989 16 February 16 completion of the cross-basin houxi water diversion project, with a water diversion area of 12 square kilometers and a total length of10.3 kilometers, with an average water diversion of 4.84 million cubic meters for many years. Shangpu sluice is located on the main stream of Cao 'e River in Shangpu Town, Shangyu, and is the hub facility of Shangpu water diversion irrigation project. Its function is to preserve salt and store light, intercept the natural runoff of Cao 'e River and the water discharged from Zhao Chang Reservoir, and transfer water to Yubei Plain and He Shili District, benefiting 3 1 10,000 mu of farmland. When the drought is severe, water can be delivered to Yuyao city and Cixi through Cencangmen and Moushanmen, which is called "Zebei Sanyi, the blessing of all generations". Opening in September 1977, completion in July1979; The main approach canal 198 1 was completed in July. The total investment is 3.98 million man-days, and the national investment is 8773 1 10,000 yuan. The preliminary design of the project is undertaken by East China Water Conservancy Institute and other units, and the technical design is jointly undertaken by Shaoxing Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute and Shangyu Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute. The gate type was originally designed as a butterfly gate, and later changed to a lifting flap gate. The main hydraulic structures of Shangpu sluice are: overflow sluice, overflow weir, diversion sluice and ship lock. The sluice has a total of 17 holes, with a single hole width of 6m and a total hole width of 102m. The elevation of the gate bottom is 0.60m, and the elevation of the gate top is 5.70m. Each hole is equipped with a liftable flap door, which can be opened and closed by a table crane. The vertical seepage control of sluice foundation is closed by mortar sheet pile, which is the first application in large sluice in China. The crest elevation of overflow weir is 6. 10m, the width is 29. 1m, and the length is 180m. The lock is135m long and12m wide. There are four holes in the diversion gate, with a total clear hole width of 16m. The maximum discharge of the Shangpu sluice is 6 100 m3/s, of which the discharge of the overflow sluice is 2440 m3/s, and the rest is discharged through the underground weir. The total length of the main diversion canal is 13.6 km, and the maximum diversion flow is 50 cubic meters per second. When the sluice is closed, the normal storage capacity is19.6 million cubic meters.

Cao 'e River Sluice Project in Zhejiang Province is a large-scale (I) water conservancy project approved by the state, the first sluice in China, an important hub of the "500 million" water diversion project in eastern Zhejiang, and a major infrastructure project for Shaoxing's urban construction. The main construction contents of the project include tidal sluice, dam, fishway, diversion dike, reinforcement of dike toe on the sluice, superstructure engineering, environmental and cultural supporting projects, etc. The tidal sluice has 28 holes, each with a clear width of 20m, a total clear width of 560m and a total width of 697m. The dam length is 6 1 1m, and the diversion dike length is 5 10m. The approved budget estimate is1252140,000 yuan. The task of engineering construction is mainly to prevent moisture (flood) and waterlogging, taking into account the comprehensive utilization functions of water resources development and utilization, water environmental protection and shipping. After the completion of this project, it will effectively improve the flood control and drainage capacity on both sides of the Cao 'e River, improve the utilization rate of water resources in the Cao 'e River, improve the shipping conditions of the Hangzhou-Ningbo Canal, improve the water environment of the plain river network on both sides, and improve the investment environment of the reclamation areas on both sides. The preliminary work of the project started on June 5438+ 10, 2003, officially started on February 30, 2005, was put into trial operation on February 28, 2008, and the preliminary design and construction tasks were fully completed on June 28, 2009. The 201/kloc-0 was organized by the provincial development and reform commission.

Cao 'e River Water Diversion Project, with a total length of 26 kilometers, passes through Shangyu District, Keqiao District and Yuecheng District from east to west, reaches Shaoxing City and flows northward into Cao 'e River, with an estimated total investment of 497 million yuan. The water intake is located at Xiaoshun River mouth in Shangpuzha reservoir area, and enters the tunnel through the intake gate via Xiaoshun River and Changshantou River. The exit of the tunnel is connected with Zaojiang River on the water through box culvert and river channel, and then passes through Pingshui Dongjiang River to the south ring river. By setting control gates on the horizontal Dongjiang River, the horizontal Xijiang River, the Yuling River, the Potang River and the Nanchijiang River, the water diversion flow can be adjusted. The project mainly includes intake canal, intake sluice station, water conveyance tunnel, connecting box culvert, outlet canal and downstream water distribution gate, etc. The total investment is 497 million yuan, and the annual water intake is about 250 million cubic meters. The project started in June 2005 and was completed and put into use in May 2065, with a price of 438+00. Cao 'e River diversion project, also known as Shangpu diversion irrigation project, is one of the key water conservancy projects in Cao 'e River. The interception, storage and diversion of natural runoff from Zhao Chang Reservoir and Cao 'e River will play a great role in alleviating farmland drought in Yubei Plain, improving navigation conditions of Cao 'e River and Yubei River network, blocking tide and storing light, and improving drinking water quality. 20 12-20 15 Shaoxing city comprehensively rectified 680 "three rivers" (Heihe river, smelly river and garbage river) discharged from Cao' e river basin according to the regulations on water environment protection in Zhejiang province. By 20 14, among the sections of Cao 'e River main stream 10 provincial control and above, there are 8 water quality sections from 1 3 and 2 water quality sections from 4. Compared with 20 13, the second-class water quality section increased by 3, and the third-class water quality section decreased by 3. In addition, the permanganate index, the average concentration of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the 10 section decreased by 12%, 12% and 22% respectively, and the water quality in the Cao 'e River basin was generally improved.