The Historical Evolution of Huizhou Prefecture

Huizhou has a long history. According to the textual research of two Neolithic sites in Jixi County 1955 and 198 1, as early as 6000 years ago, there were human activities in the north and south of Guling (that is, Hui Ling), and Shan Hai Jing contained the old name of "san huang Capital", which is now Huizhou. Legend has it that before 2 1 century BC, this area was still a seaside place, with the sea in the southeast, and the territory was occupied by foreign workers. After 2 1 century BC and before the Western Zhou Dynasty, according to Gong Yu, Kyushu belonged to Yangzhou, also known as the land of barbarians.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, it belonged to Wu before 473 BC; After 473 BC, Wu died in Yue State; After 306 BC, wuyue belonged to the State of Chu. In fact, at that time, Wu, Yue and Chu coexisted and wars were frequent, so the jurisdiction of this area changed from time to time as a place of tug-of-war.

In 222 BC, Qin Shihuang unified the six countries and divided the whole country into 36 counties. There are two counties in this area, Yi and Juan, which belong to Huiji County (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province). At the time of Chu and Han Dynasties, it belonged to Yan (now Changxing, Zhejiang) county. Shexian at this time includes Xiuning, Wuyuan, Jixi, Chun 'an and Sui 'an today. Yixian includes Yixian, Qimen and Shitai. During the Chu-Han War, this area was occupied by Xiang Yu, as the feudal city of Xun Mei, its hero, and was soon occupied by Chen Ying, a general of the Han Dynasty, and belonged to the Han Dynasty.

In the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu (20 1 year ago), Yi and Yun belonged to Jing State (now Huainan). In the twelfth year (before 195), Zhi and Yun belonged to the State of Wu (now Pei County, Jiangsu Province). In the third year of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty (BC 154), Yi and Yun belonged to Jiangdu (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu). In the second year of Emperor founding ceremony of the Han Dynasty (12 1 year), Danyang County was established (governing Wanling, now Xuancheng, Anhui Province), and seventeen cities were built, with Yun and Yi as two cities. In the sixth year of Yuanshou (before 1 17), Liu Xu, the son of Emperor Wu, was the king of Guangling, and Yun and Yi belonged to Guangling (ruling Guangling, now Yangzhou). In the fourth year of Emperor Xuandi of the Han Dynasty (the first 54 years), Liu Xu was sentenced to suicide, and the country was removed and returned to Danyang County. In the second year of Emperor Gaozu Hongjia (before 19), Liu Yun, a descendant of Liu Sheng, the former king of Zhongshan Jing, was made king of Guangde (now Anhui Guangde), and yi county belonged to Danyang County. Shexian County still belongs to Danyang County. In the first year of eternity (BC 16), Liu Yunke died, childless, the country was destroyed, and Yixian was returned to Danyang County. In the second year of Emperor Ping of Han Dynasty (AD 2), Liu Jia, a descendant of Liu Yue, the king of Guang Chuan, was appointed as the king of Guangde, and Yixian belonged to Guangde. Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty. In the first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China (AD 9), Wang Guangde was demoted to the public and Yixian was changed to a traitor. In the sixth year of Jianwu (AD 30), Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty was renamed Yixian County, which still belonged to Danyang County.

In December 2008, the 13th year of Jian 'an reign of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, Sun Quan sent troops to wipe out the so-called "mountain thieves" in the commune (actually, Shanyue, Shuiyue and Han people mixed together to deal with Sun Quan), and divided the original commune into five parts, namely Sheyang County. In the first year of Wu Yong 'an in the Three Kingdoms (258), Yang Xiu County was changed to Haiyang County because of the taboo of Wu Zhu Sun.

In the first year of Jin Taikang (280), Jin destroyed Wu, and Xindu County was renamed Xin 'an County, still belonging to Yangzhou. Ding Xin County was changed to Sui 'an County, Haiyang County was changed to Haining County, and Xinxian County, Liyang County, Yunxian County and Yixian County of the original city still led six counties.

In the eighth year of Song Xiaowu in the Southern Dynasty (464), Li Yang was in Haining. At that time, there were five counties in Xin 'an County: Lingyun, Yiyi, Haining, Sui 'an and Shixin. In the third year of Liang Wudi in the Southern Dynasty (522), Shou Chang County (Shou Chang County, Zhejiang Province, now jiande city, Zhejiang Province), which was originally under the jurisdiction of Wu Jun, was transferred to Xin 'an County, and Xin 'an County recovered Haining, Shixin, Sui 'an, Shou Chang, Jun and Yi Counties. In the first year of Datong, Liang Wudi (535), Huayang Town in Shexian County was analyzed, and Liang 'an County was established (one was Liang 'an), and the county led seven counties. Soon, Liang 'an County was abolished, and the county still led the county six. In the second year of Liang Wudi (553), the original Xin 'an County was divided into two, and Sui 'an, Shixing and Shou Chang counties still belonged to Xin 'an County. Liyang, which was originally merged with Haining, was re-divided into two counties, including Yun and Yi * * *, and it was under the jurisdiction of the newly-built Xinning County (the basic area in this area), ruling Haining and belonging to Yangzhou with the original Xin 'an County. Xin' an County at this time is not today's "Huizhou", but only nine years. In the third year of Emperor Wendi's reign in the Southern Dynasty (562), Liyang County was merged into Haining County again, and Xinning County was merged into Xin 'an County, and the six counties of Lingyun, Yi, Haining, Shixin, Sui 'an and Shou Chang belonged to East Yangzhou.

In the ninth year of Emperor Wendi (589), the county was changed to a state, and the county was unified by the state. Yun and Yi counties were merged into Haining as a state, and the state ruled Haining. Shixing County was changed to Xin 'an County, and Sui 'an and Shou Chang were merged into Xin 'an County and placed under the jurisdiction of Wuzhou (now Jinhua, Zhejiang). The jurisdiction of Zhangzhou is only half that of Xin 'an County, which is the basic area of Huizhou today. It was not Huizhou today that was called "Xin 'an" in the last twenty years. In the 11th year of Emperor Wendi (59 1), the original Shexian county was restored, Pidun, which belonged to Haining earlier, was placed under the jurisdiction of Shexian county, and the original yi county was restored, with yi county as the state and Shexian, yi county and Haining as the leaders. In the 18th year (598), Haining was changed to Xiuning and placed under the jurisdiction of Wuzhou (now Jinhua, Zhejiang). Soon, Xiuning was placed under the jurisdiction of Zhangzhou. In the third year of Yang Di's great cause (607), the whole country changed the state to county, changed Xin 'an county, and still led Xiuning, Mian and Mian counties, and the county ruled Mian. Shortly after the war, Hua Wang, a native of Deng Yuan (now Jixi County) in Shexian County, rose up and occupied Shexian County and several nearby counties, calling himself the Prince of Wu. In the 12th year of Daye (6 16), Hua Wang moved to Xiuning, and the following year (6 17), Hua Wang returned to the county.

In the fourth year of Wude in Tang Gaozu (62 1), Xin 'an County was changed to Zhou Juan. The state governs Shexian, but it still leads Shexian, Yi and Xiuning counties. In the same year, he returned to the Tang Dynasty, made him King of Yue, and made her the secretariat, taking her as the general manager, and made her the general manager of the six armies of Sheshe, Xuan, Hangzhou, Mu, Wu (now Jinhua, Zhejiang) and Rao (now Shangrao, Jiangxi). In the seventh year of Wude (624), the governor of Zhangzhou was changed to the governor of Zhangzhou. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), the Governor's Office was stopped, and Zhangzhou belonged to Jiangnan Road. In the fifth year of Yonghui in Tang Gaozong (654), a part of land was set aside to build Beiye County. Zhangzhou has four counties: Yi, Yi, Xiuning and Beiye.

In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (733), Zhangzhou was changed to Jiangnan East Road. In the 28th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (740), according to the analysis, Yu Hui Township in Xiuning County and Huai Jin Township in Leping County, a neighboring county, newly established Wuyuan County, which belonged to Zhou Juan. Zhangzhou's five counties: Yi, Xiuning, Beiye and Wuyuan. In the first year of Tianbao (742), the state was changed to Xin 'an County, and the official position was still in the same place. In the sixth year of Tianbao (747), it was changed to Huangshan Mountain. In the first year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (758), Dun County was restored throughout the country, and Xin 'an County was renamed Zhou Juan, which belonged to Zhejiang West Road and served as an observer. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), he removed the ambassadors of Zhejiang West Road, Xuanfu and Cherish Observation, and transferred to Zhangzhou.

In the second year of Yongtai (766), part of Mian and Xiuning counties were set as Guide counties; Chishan Town in Yixian County and Fuliang County in Raozhou County were originally classified as Qimen County; Part of the original yi county was designated as shitai county (namely Shitai), and shitai county was placed under the jurisdiction of Chizhou; On the establishment of Jixi County in Huayang Town of Shexian County. Zhangzhou has eight counties: Shexian, Yixian, Xiuning, Wuyuan, Beiye, Jixi, Guide and Qimen. Zhangzhou was changed to ambassador for publicity, communication and pool observation. In the fourth year of Dali (769), Beiye County was abandoned. In the fifth year of Dali (770), the abandoned land was returned to Dexing County, and its land was merged into Xiuning, and Zhangzhou led six counties, which laid the foundation of "one government and six counties" for more than 1000 years. In the 14th year of Dali (779), the mission of propaganda, tour and pool observation was abolished, and the mission of Zhangzhou was placed under the east-west observation of Zhejiang. In the first year of Tang Dezong Jianzhong (780), Zhejiang was divided into east and west roads, and she was transferred to Zhejiang West Road as an observer. In the second year of Jianzhong (78 1 year), he joined the East-West Road Observation Mission in Zhejiang and set up our mission, with the title of "Zhenhai Army Our Mission", belonging to Zhangzhou. In the third year of Zhenyuan (787), envoys were set up to announce, support and observe the pool and transferred to Zhangzhou. Tang Xianzong Yuanhe six years (8 1 1), transferred Xuanzhou as an observer. In the first year of Dashun (890), she was appointed as the envoy of Ning. Zhao Zongtian was reinstated for three years (903), Ning Guojun was abolished and Xuanzhou was reinstated as an observer.

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (907), when the Tang Dynasty died, Huainan made Yang W still a mourning year for the Tang Dynasty and attached it to her. 9 19 to Wu. In 937, Wu died of illness and moved to Nantang. In the first year of Song Taizong Taiping Xingguo (976), Jiangnan (the Southern Tang Dynasty was demoted to Jiangnan in the fourth year of Song Taizu, that is, from 97 1 year) died, and she was transferred to Jiangnan West Road. In the second year of Zhen Zongtian Xi (10 18), he was appointed as the transport ambassador of Jiangnan East Road. In the third year of Xuanhe in Song Huizong (1 12 1), after suppressing the peasant uprising led by Fang La, the state was changed to Huizhou. Huizhou got its name from this, and it still leads six counties and governs Shexian. In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozong's Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 130), Huizhou transferred Jiangnan Road, making Jiankangfu Road the ambassador. In the first year of Shaoxing (1 13 1), Emperor Gaozong was transferred to Jiangnan East Road.

In the 14th year of Yuan Shizu to Yuan Dynasty (1277), Huizhou was promoted to Huizhou Road, and the counties under its jurisdiction remained unchanged, and it was placed under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, which were in charge of them respectively. In the Yuan Dynasty (1295), Wuyuan County was promoted to a state. Huizhou Daotongyun, Yi, Xiuning, Qimen and Jixi counties; State one, namely Wuyuan.

In the 16th year of Zheng Zhi, Yuan Shundi (1356), Han Liner and Wang Xiaoming promoted Zhu Yuanzhang to Pingzhang, and Huizhou Road was placed in Jiangnan. In July of the following year (1357), Huizhou Road was changed to Xing 'an House, which still led to five counties and one state. In the 27th year of Zheng Zheng (1367), Zhu Yuanzhang changed Xing 'an House to Huizhou House. In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1368), Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, and Huizhou Prefecture was directly under Zhongshu Province. In the second year of Hongwu (1369), Wuyuan Prefecture was reduced to a county, while Huizhou Prefecture still led the six counties of Yun, Yi, Xiuning, Jixi, Wuyuan and Qimen. In the 13th year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1380), Zhongshu Province was abolished, and Huizhou Prefecture was directly under six departments. In the 29th year of Hongwu (1396), Huizhou Prefecture was transferred to Wu Zhi Branch of Zhejiang Provincial Court. In the first year of Yongle (1403), Ming Taizu moved the capital to Nanjing (Nanjing was called Nanzhili in ancient times). In the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing (1555), he was transferred to Zhejiang Province and served as the assistant envoy of Taidao in Huining. In the sixth year of Qin Long (1572), he was transferred to inspect the badge of Ningdao soldiers in Zhejiang and served as an assistant.

In the second year of Shunzhi (1645), Qing Taizu changed Nanzhi province to jiangnan province. Huizhou government was transferred to Jiangnan to undertake propaganda and deployment, and still led the county six. In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (166 1), jiangnan province was divided into two parts, namely, the Chief Secretary of Jiangnan Zuocheng Xuanzong (governing Nanjing) and the Chief Secretary of Jiangnan Youcheng Xuanzong (governing Suzhou), and Huizhou was subordinate to the Chief Secretary of Jiangnan Zuocheng Xuanzong. In the first year of Kangxi (1662), Huizhou belonged to Huining Road, the left propaganda minister of Jiangnan. In the sixth year of Kangxi (1667), Zuo Chengxuan, the political affairs department of Jiangnan, was changed to Anhui political affairs department (named after Anqing and Huizhou) and Anhui Province was established. In the 11th year of Yongzheng (1733), it belongs to Tai (Ping) Road (Anhui Road) in Chi (Zhou), Anhui Province. In the twenty-five years of Qianlong (1760), Anhui Foreign Ministry moved from Nanjing to Anqing, and Huizhou's affiliation remained unchanged. In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), due to the rise of the peasant movement in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the area along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province became the main battlefield, so the Jiangnan section of Anhui Road was changed to Huining Chiguangtai Road, which was under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Zhejiang Province. After four years of Tongzhi (1865), the forces of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom were forced to retreat, and Huizhou returned to Anhui with Chiguangtai Road in Huining. Huizhou was the name of road, state and government until January of the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), and the county was directly under Anhui Province. In the third year of the Republic of China (19 14) in June, Mian County, Yixian County, Jixi County, Xiuning County, Qimen County, Wuyuan County, Taiping County, Jingde County and Shidai County belonged to Wuhu Road in Anhui Province (at this time, the "road" was also an administrative supervision area) in the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (.

In October of the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), Taiping County and Shidai County were placed under the eighth administrative supervision area of Anhui Province, Jingde County was placed under the ninth administrative supervision area of Anhui Province, and Xiuning County, Wuyuan County, Qimen County, Jixi County, Yun County and yi county were placed under the jurisdiction of the tenth administrative supervision area of Anhui Province. In the 23rd year of the Republic of China (1934), Wuyuan County was attached to Jiangxi Province for the need of "suppressing * * * *", and Wuyuan and Huizhou had deep feelings and were unwilling to leave their mother state. Therefore, people launched a massive, 20-month "Wuyuan Return to Anhui" campaign. In the twenty-seventh year of the Republic of China (1938), on April 15th, the eighth and tenth administrative inspection areas were changed to the southern Anhui administrative office of the National Government, and Tunxi was established. In the same year125 October (1938), the ninth administrative supervision area was abolished, and Jingde County was placed under the administrative office of southern Anhui. In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), on March 23rd, the 10th administrative supervision area was abolished and the six counties of Yunyi, Xiuning, Qimen, Jixi and Jingde were changed to Anhui. Yunxian County, yi county County, Xiuning County, Qimen County and Jixi County belong to the seventh administrative supervision area of Anhui Province. In June of the thirty-sixth year of the Republic of China (1947), Wuyuan County, which was included in Jiangxi Province in the twenty-third year of the Republic of China (1934), was re-included in Anhui Province, belonging to the seventh administrative supervision area of Anhui Province. In the 37th year of the Republic of China (1948), during the war of liberation, the Anhui provincial government of the Kuomintang moved to Tunxi, the capital of Anhui province.

1949 On April 26th, the Second Field Army of the People's Liberation Army liberated Qimen County, Xiuning County and Shexian County on 28th, Yixian County on 29th and Jixi County on 30th. Wuyuan county was liberated by the four fields of the People's Liberation Army on May 2, and the liberation of Wuyuan county marked the liberation of Huizhou. Since Wuyuan County and Jiangxi Province belong to the four fields of the People's Liberation Army after liberation, Wuyuan was placed under Jiangxi Province for the convenience of management. On May 13 of the same year, the Central Party Committee of Southern Anhui informed that Huizhou District was established (Shexian County was established at the beginning of the administrative office, and it was soon moved to Tunxi), which belonged to the administrative office of Southern Anhui (Tunxi was established at the beginning, and then moved to Wuhu), and Tunxi Town was changed to Tunxi City (Tunxi was originally a town in Xiuning County), which belonged to Huizhou District and led Tunxi City and Xiuning and Wuhu in the whole region. Taiping and Shitai belong to Chizhou area. February 4th 1952, belonging to Taiping county and shitai county in Chizhou district of southern Anhui administrative office, Ningguo county in Xuancheng district of southern Anhui administrative office, and Huizhou district. The whole district * * * leads one city (Tunxi) and nine counties (Xiuning, Shexian, Qimen, yi county, Jixi, Jingde, Taiping, Shitai and Jiuxian). In April of the same year, 12. Abandoned administrative region, Huizhou area belongs to Anhui Province. 1 953 65438+February1,Tunxi Zhili, Anhui Province, Lingjiu County, Huizhou District, and Tunxi was reduced to a prefecture-level city on 1955. Huizhou District was abolished in June 65438+65438 0956+1210, and the original nine counties were transferred to Wuhu District, Anhui Province; Let Tunxi become the provincial capital city again. On March 22nd, 1957, Yixian county was merged into Qimen county, and Shitai county was merged into Taiping county and Qimen county respectively. /kloc-In May of 0/6, Tunxi was handed over to the leaders of Xiuning County. In June, Jingde County was merged into Jixi County. 1960 12 13, Tunxi City was changed to Xiuning County. 1961April 13, Huizhou district was reset, and Taiping county was transferred to this district. In the second half of the same year, Jixi and Jingde counties separated; In August, Ningguo County was assigned to this district; In August 16, Tunxi was changed to a prefecture-level city; 65438+February 65438+May 5, Yixian resumed, with one city and eight counties. 1On May 20th, 963, Tunxi was reduced to Xiuning County. In July 1965 and 19, shitai county was relocated and changed to Chizhou area. 1On July 7, 968, Huizhou Revolutionary Committee was established, belonging to the same county. On March 29th 197 1, Huizhou area was changed to Huizhou area. From 65438 to 0974, Taiping County was included in Chizhou area, leading seven counties in this area. 1975 65438+February19, Tunxi re-established a prefecture-level city (county level). 1979 On February 27th, Huizhou Revolutionary Committee was changed to Huizhou Administrative Office. 1980 65438+1October 2, Ningguo county was changed to Xuancheng area; 65438+ On June 29th of the same year, Taiping and Shitai counties were placed under the jurisdiction of this district, leading Shemen, Qimen, Xiuning, Yi, Jixi, Jingde, Taiping, Shitai and Tunxi counties and one city. 1983 1 February/2008 1 With the approval of the State Council, Taiping County was abolished and Huangshan City was established. At the county level, Taiping County, Shexian Huangshan Commune, shitai county Yangguang Commune and Huangshan Administration Bureau are administrative areas, which are directly under the province. On June 4th, 1986, the provincial party committee and the provincial government issued a notice, and the Huangshan Administration was changed to dual leadership in the province and Huizhou, focusing on the business in the province; County-level Huangshan City is managed by Huizhou area, and the national economic and social development plan is listed separately (Huizhou area is issued by the province with a hat). Huizhou area is led by seven counties and one city, namely: She, Qimen, Xiuning, Yi, Jixi, Jingde, Shitai and Tunxi.

1987165438+1October 27th, with the approval of the State Council, Huizhou was changed to the prefecture-level Huangshan City, and Tunxi District of Huangshan City was established. Its administrative areas include Tunxi City, Shexian County, Luodun Township, Xiuning County and Meilin Township. Change the original county-level Huangshan City to huangshan district, which is the territory of Huangshan City; Jixi county is designated as Xuancheng area and shitai county as Chizhou area. 1In July, 988, the prefecture-level Huangshan City was formally established, with jurisdiction over Tunxi District and Huizhou District (divided into Yansi Town of Shexian County and 7 townships of Qiankou, Chengkan, Luotian, Xixinan, Cheshe, Fuxi, Yangcun and Yaocun Xinli of Zhengcun Township), huangshan district, Shexian County, yi county and Zhengcun Township.

Huizhou, as far as administrative division is concerned, although it is only a district under the jurisdiction of Huangshan City, due to the similarity of customs and culture, the people of the original six counties in Huizhou, especially the older generation, still maintain a sense of belonging to ancient Huizhou.