Shanxi: Coal mining subsidence area transformed into ecological landscape

Xinhua News Agency, Taiyuan, July 3 rd Title: Shanxi: Coal mining subsidence area transformed into ecological landscape

In midsummer, standing on the western hills in Wanbailin District of Taiyuan City overlooking, the mountains are full of pines and cypresses, dotted with all kinds of flowers, just like a beautiful landscape painting. Foreign tourists can't think of it anyway. It used to be a coal mining subsidence area, with dense coal seams, sloping houses, littering and cross-flow of sewage.

"After ecological restoration and management, it has changed a lot now, and the subsidence area has become a scenic spot. Every night, people come here to exercise. This is the life we yearn for! " Liu Genhong, a resident of Wanbailin District, said.

This is a microcosm of Shanxi's insistence on promoting comprehensive management of coal mining subsidence areas in recent years.

The expansion of goaf has seriously damaged the environment.

Shanxi is a big coal province in China. According to statistics, the mined-out area caused by coal mining in Shanxi is nearly 5,000 square kilometers, of which the subsidence area is about 3,000 square kilometers. There are * * * 2,868 villages damaged by mining, and * * * involves 420 townships. "In the past, the land here was full of cracks, and machinery could not enter the field." Li Wenliang, a villager from Cuimeng Village, Tunliu District, Changzhi City, said.

Over the years, the high-intensity mining of coal resources has caused increasingly serious damage to the mine geological environment in Shanxi Province. Not only has the historical debt never been solved, but the coal mine goaf is still expanding at a rate of more than 80 square kilometers per year.

2065438+In September 2005, with the consent of the State Council, Shanxi Province became a pilot province for the treatment of coal mining subsidence areas. In June, 20 16, the Shanxi provincial government issued the work plan for comprehensive management of coal mining subsidence areas in the whole province from 20 16 to 20 18, which opened the prelude to comprehensive management of coal mining subsidence areas.

Seeking truth from facts and pursuing "appropriateness"

According to the plan, from 20 16 to 20 18, Shanxi will treat the mine geological environment of a number of coal mines and reclaim some key reclamation areas.

According to the principle of seeking truth from facts, through the field investigation and feasibility analysis of the project, and after the application of the relevant municipal government and the organization of expert argumentation, Shanxi Province finally determined 56 mine geological environment control targets and 16 land reclamation targets.

Wang Man, director of the Ecological Restoration Division of Shanxi Provincial Department of Natural Resources, said that the treatment of coal mining subsidence area is a systematic project. In the treatment of coal mining subsidence area, according to the geographical conditions of mine geological environment and the types of disaster environment, all localities follow the principle of combining natural restoration with artificial restoration, and should be suitable for agriculture, forest, pond and tourism.

In mining areas, land and water are scarce resources. In view of this bottleneck, in the comprehensive treatment of coal mining subsidence area, Shanxi makes full use of mine water formed by long-term convergence of surface water and groundwater to provide sufficient water for industrial and agricultural development. At the same time, develop ecological agriculture, build the industrial chain of mining ecosystem, and form a * * * ecological industry model of life, circulation and complementarity.

In addition, for some lands that cannot be restored to cultivated land due to mining, Shanxi Province has improved the land use value by harnessing and rationally utilizing land, developing photovoltaic energy industry, wind power industry and tourism.

In September 20 15, the first 100 MW photovoltaic "leader" demonstration base project in China was officially started in Datong coal mining subsidence area, and it was fully connected to the grid for power generation in June 20 16. By the end of May this year, the cumulative installed capacity of Datong Photovoltaic was 6.5438+0.9 million kilowatts, accounting for 20.45% of the city's power generation.

The subsidence area has become an "ecological park" and "miliangchuan"

"Through governance, more than 300 acres of dry land in our village have become paddy fields, of which 200 acres have been planted with selenium-enriched millet. Now the soil fertility is still recovering, and the yield per mu is calculated by 500 kg, and the income is much stronger than that of planting corn in the past. " Chen, a villager from Cuimeng Village, Tunliu District, Changzhi City, said.

Wang Changsheng, director of the Natural Resources Bureau of Tunliu District, said that in the land management of coal mining subsidence areas, the people are most concerned about the restoration of cultivated land. We try our best to thicken the soil layer and improve soil fertility during the transformation process. At the same time, the waters with small area and easy recovery will be landfilled and become fertile fields again; For larger waters, transform them into fish ponds or landscape lakes.

The treatment of gangue hill was once the biggest problem in Jincheng Gushuyuan Coal Mine. The mine invested a lot of money, used lime and loess emulsion grouting to extinguish the fire, and then implemented the ecological control project of the gangue hill, thickened and leveled all sections of the gangue hill, carried out large-scale ecological afforestation and greening, and invested in the construction of Baima Green Park Ecological Park. Nowadays, the smoke-filled gangue hill has become an ecological park for people's leisure and entertainment.

By the end of 20 18, 52 main projects of 56 mine geological environment control projects in Shanxi Province have been completed, and 4 projects are under control. There are 16 land reclamation projects in key reclamation areas, and 13 projects have completed the main works.

"Through comprehensive management, some coal mining subsidence areas are changing from the past, such as river depletion, groundwater level decline and ground subsidence. Go to an ecological home with green grass, willow trees and a harmonious relationship between man and nature. " Wang Man said.