Self-care and self-help methods

First, how to get out of danger correctly in case of fire?

Once the length is threatened by fire, don't panic, calmly determine your position, judge the fire according to the analysis of smoke, light and temperature around you, and don't act blindly.

2. In a bungalow, if the fire around the door is not big, leave the fire quickly.

If you are in a building, don't run around blindly, let alone jump off a building to escape, which will cause undue casualties. You can hide in the room or on the balcony. Close the doors and windows, cut off the fire road and wait for rescue. Conditional, can continue to water the doors and windows to cool down, in order to delay the spread of the fire. If the fire is too strong and you need to jump off a building to escape, you can jump off the second floor, but you should choose soft ground. At the same time, we should drop the bedding from upstairs to increase the cushion of the ground, and then slide down the window, so as to minimize the falling height and let our feet land first. If you are sure, you can tie one end of the rope (or tear it with sheets, etc.). ) to the window frame and then slide down the rope to the ground.

If the clothes catch fire, you can take off your clothes quickly, or roll around and put out the fire with your body. You can also jump into a nearby pool or river to put out the fire. In short, you should try to reduce the burn area of your body and reduce the degree of burn.

When a fire breaks out, it often produces gases that are toxic and harmful to human body. Therefore, to prevent smog poisoning, you should try to stay in the windward or cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel, hold your breath, try to lower your body height, and bend over to scurry or crawl on the ground; When trapped indoors, block the gap between doors and windows with wet sheets to prevent smoke from spreading indoors.

Second, how to protect yourself when an earthquake occurs?

1. If there is a sudden earthquake in the bungalow, you should quickly get under the bed and table and cover your head with bedding, pillows, washbasins, etc. Then leave the house as soon as possible after the earthquake and move to a safe place. If the house collapses in the earthquake, you should stay under the bed or table and never move. Wait until the earthquake stops before going in or out or waiting for rescue.

If you live in a building and there is an earthquake, don't try to run out of the building, because time is too late. The safest and most effective way is to hide in the smallest room between two load-bearing walls in time, such as bathroom and kitchen. You can also hide under tables, cabinets and other furniture and in the corner of the room, paying attention to protecting your head. Never hide under the balcony or window.

If there is an earthquake in the classroom, don't panic, let alone run around in the classroom or fight to get out. Teenagers near the door can run outside quickly, and teenagers in the middle and back rows can hide under the desks as soon as possible and cover their heads with schoolbags; Teenagers against the wall should stick to the root of the wall and cover their heads with their hands.

4. If you are in the street, don't run into the building to avoid danger, and don't stay in dangerous places such as tall buildings, billboards, narrow lanes and bridges.

Third, how to avoid being struck by lightning?

1. Hide indoors as soon as possible, close doors and windows, and avoid places with metal pipes. Turn off the TV.

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3. Pay special attention not to stand under towering objects (such as flagpoles, trees, chimneys, telephone poles, etc.) when encountering lightning; Don't go near water; Don't call; Don't stay on the platform of a tall building.

Fourth, how to avoid tornadoes?

1. When a tornado strikes, open the doors and windows to balance the indoor and outdoor air pressure to prevent the wind from blowing off the roof and knocking down the walls.

2. Hide in the basement or the smallest room as soon as possible (avoid heavy objects) and squat down facing the wall.

3. When encountering a tornado in the wild, you should quickly move in the opposite direction or sideways to avoid it. You should find low-lying terrain to squat down, close your mouth and eyes, and protect your head with your hands and arms to prevent being injured by flying objects. If you encounter a tornado while driving, you should get off to avoid it.

Five, how to save themselves and help each other after gas poisoning?

1. When heating and bathing with coal or gas, pay attention to opening the window for ventilation.

2. Self-rescue method: In the gas leakage environment, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel and evacuate quickly.

3. Mutual rescue method: In case of gas poisoning, the patient should be quickly carried to a ventilated place, and the collar and belt should be loosened to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed, but attention should be paid to keeping warm to prevent colds. The severely poisoned person should be given artificial respiration and cardiac compression, and immediately call 120 emergency number, or send the patient to the hospital for emergency treatment.

Six, after the occurrence of food poisoning self-help and mutual rescue measures

1. If you are poisoned by ingestion, you should immediately induce vomiting. The method is to stimulate the root of the tongue with fingers, chopsticks and other things. At the same time, drink more warm water or light salt water to reduce the absorption of toxins.

2. Immediately report to the health and epidemic prevention department and ask the emergency center for help.

3, pay attention to save the food or vomit, excrement that leads to poisoning, so that the hospital can find out the toxic substances before detoxification and rescue.

Seven, swimming accident self-help measures.

Stay calm when you encounter an accident. Don't panic. You should try to save yourself while seeking help from others.

2. When swimming cramps, if you are close to the shore, you should immediately get out of the water and massage on the shore; If you are far from the shore, you can take a supine position, float on the water as far as possible, and massage the cramped limbs in order to relieve them; If self-treatment doesn't work, you should try to paddle ashore with your limbs that haven't cramped yet.

3. When swimming meets aquatic plants, swim back by backstroke. If you get entangled in aquatic plants, don't jump around, but float on the water. Paddle with one hand, untie the weeds with the other, and then swim back.

4. When swimming in the whirlpool, you can inhale and dive into the water, and swim hard until you swim out of the center of the whirlpool and then surface.

5. When swimming, if you are tired, you should stop swimming, float on the water to recover your physical strength, and return to the shore in time after your physical strength is restored.

Eight, self-protection measures after the occurrence of congestion

1. Don't bend down to pick up things, lift shoes, tie shoelaces, etc. Prevent being crushed on the ground and trampled in a crowded crowd.

No matter where you are, when you are suddenly caught by most people and want to move in one direction, don't do the opposite for any reason. Maybe the direction of people flow runs counter to your destination. Don't try to move against the current to avoid being squeezed by everyone.

Nine, electric shock first aid measures

1. Cut off the power supply.

2. Insulating objects, such as wooden sticks, can be used to isolate the person who gets an electric shock from the power supply.

3. Before the power is cut off, don't touch the body of the person who gets an electric shock directly with your bare hands.

10. What should I do if I am bitten by a snake?

1. Help yourself or the other person immediately, and don't panic or run, which will accelerate the absorption and spread of toxins.

2. Immediately use a belt, cloth belt, handkerchief, rope, etc. to tie it 3-5 cm away from the wound to slow down the spread of toxins. Relax for 2-3 minutes every 20 minutes to avoid limb ischemia and necrosis.

3. Wash the wound with clear water, preferably with normal saline or potassium permanganate solution. At this point, if any fangs are found, they must be pulled out.

4. After cleaning the wound, use a sterilized or clean blade to make a "cross" incision centered on the two fangs. The incision should not be too deep, as long as the venom is discharged under the skin.

What if I am bitten by a dog?

1. Under normal circumstances, it is difficult to tell whether it is bitten by a mad dog, so once it is bitten by a dog, it is considered to be bitten by a mad dog.

2. After being bitten by a dog, the wound should be treated immediately. First of all, tourniquet (handkerchief, rope, etc. ) should be tied above the wound to prevent or reduce the virus from flowing into the whole body with blood.

3. Wash the wound quickly with clear water or soapy water, thoroughly clean the wound, and don't bandage the wound.

4. Quickly sent to the hospital for diagnosis, injected with rabies vaccine and tetanus antitoxin within 24 hours.

Twelve, a large number of vomiting blood or nosebleeds should be how to rescue?

1. In case of massive hematemesis, let the patient lie flat, loosen all buttons and belts, tilt his head to one side, press the patient's abdomen with a cold towel or cold bag, and wait for the ambulance to arrive.

2. If the patient has a lot of nosebleeds, the method is: (1) Tilt the patient's head backwards, hold the nose with your hands and press it. (2) cold compress your nose with a cold towel or cold bag. (3) Put the tampon or gauze into the nasal cavity.