Major projects related to physics at home and abroad in 2023

In 2023, major projects related to physics at home and abroad included the kick-off meeting of the major research plan integration project of "New Light Field Regulation Physics and Application" sponsored by Peking University Institute of Physics, which was successfully held in Guanzhong New Park, Peking University on May 29th, 2023.

New light field control technology is a technology that can accurately control the amplitude, phase and polarization of light. Based on the spatial distribution and phase characteristics of light field, it realizes the precise regulation of light field by changing the propagation path of light, adjusting optical elements or using optical nonlinear effect. This technology has broad application prospects, involving optical communication, imaging, display, laser processing and other fields.

A common method of light field adjustment is to use spatial light modulator (SLM). SLM uses elements such as liquid crystal, optical phase array or MEMS to adjust optical parameters such as phase, amplitude and polarization. By programming and controlling the pixels on SLM, complex light field distribution can be generated, and functions such as beam shape transformation, wavefront control and beam segmentation can be realized.

1. Optical communication: Optical field control technology can realize the functions of adaptive optical transmission, wavefront coding and optical wave splitting, and improve the transmission quality and capacity of optical fiber communication.

2. Optical imaging: Light field control technology can be used for super-resolution imaging, zoom imaging and three-dimensional imaging. By adjusting the phase distribution of the light field, the imaging effect beyond the traditional optical diffraction limit can be achieved.

3. Optical display: By applying SLM to the display, dynamic optical patterns can be displayed, such as holographic images, stereoscopic display and optical virtual reality.

4. Laser processing: Light field control technology can realize high-precision and high-efficiency material processing in laser processing. By adjusting the phase and amplitude of light, complex laser etching, laser printing, laser welding and other applications can be realized.

An ordinary SLM includes a liquid crystal spatial light modulator and a diffractive optical element (DOE). This new light field control technology has broad application prospects in the fields of optics and optoelectronics. It can realize the high-precision regulation of light field, and bring new opportunities and development directions for optical communication, imaging, display and laser processing.

Significance of major projects related to physics

1, Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of CERN: LHC is the largest particle collider with the highest energy in the world, and one of its main goals is to find the Higgs boson, which contributed to the award of the 20 13 Nobel Prize in Physics. LHC is also committed to studying important issues such as dark matter and antimatter, which play a key role in understanding the basic properties of the universe.

2. Gravitational wave detection: In 20 15, the Laser Interference Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) detected gravitational waves, which is an astronomical phenomenon predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity. The discovery of gravity waves not only verifies the general theory of relativity, but also provides a new research method for astrophysics, reveals the strange properties of extreme celestial bodies such as black holes and neutron stars, and also provides important clues for the evolution of the universe and major issues in cosmology.

3.CERN's Large Electron-Positron Collider (LEP):LEP is an annular electron-positron collider, which operated from 1989 to 2000. The main goal of LEP is to study the electroweak interaction in particle physics. The most famous achievement is the discovery of several new lepton neutrino populations. LEP plays an important role in the development of particle physics and the verification of standard model.