Tell me about the history of Nanming.

Manchu entered the Central Plains, and after the demise of the Ming Dynasty, the imperial clan of the Ming Dynasty successively established resistance regimes in the south. Including the regimes of Hong Guang, Longwu, Wang Lu, Shaowu and Li Yong, with a calendar of 65,438+08.

Hong Guang regime

In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, it was first built on the third day of May (1644). Ma Shiying, Shi Kefa and so on. Make it clear that Nanjing belongs to Wang Axe and Zhu Yousong. May 15th is the day of the emperor's accession to the throne, with the title of Hong Guang. Zhu Yousong, grandson of Zhu Yousong, son of Zhu Yousong. When he was named King Dechang, he became a prince. In the sixteenth year of Chongzhen, the axe king succeeded to the throne. At the beginning of the following year, the peasant army swept across the north, and Zhu Yousong went into exile in Huaishang. At that time, the remnants of the Ming Dynasty in Nanjing decided to choose a monarch as Nandu and then go north. There was an argument between Wang Lu and the Axe King. Finally, Ma Shiying forced Shi Kefa and others to agree to make the Axe King Emperor Zhu Yousong. Ma Shiying, etc. , made a great contribution to the prestige, controlled the failure of state affairs, used the eunuch remnants, took bribes and perverted the law, and made a tit-for-tat with Hong Gao and other Lindong remnants. In March of the second year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, Zuo Liangyu, Hou of Ningnan, said that he had received a secret imperial edict from the Prince, entered the DPRK to punish treacherous court officials, set out from Wuchang and advanced on Nanjing. The Qing army quickly went south, continuously attacked Xuzhou, crossed the Huaihe River and reached Yangzhou at the gates. Subsequently, the Qing army crossed the river and conquered Zhenjiang. Hong Guang was forced to go to Wuhu. On May 15, Ministers Wang Feng and Qian surrendered to Nanking. On the 22nd, Zhu Yousong was arrested and executed in Beijing. The Hong Guang regime collapsed.

Longwu regime

On the seventh day of June in the second year of Shunzhi, Zhang Kentang, Fujian Governor, Huang Daozhou, Nan 'an Bo Zheng Zhilong, Zheng Hongkui, etc. were appointed as Fuzhou secretariat by Tang Wang Zhu. Leap on June 27th proclaimed himself emperor, and changed Fuzhou to Tianxing Mansion, so the year was the first year of Longwu. Zhu, grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang IX, Sun Shuo of Duan. In five years, Chongzhen succeeded to Tang Wang, and in nine years, he was sentenced to leave Nanyang without leave because of his hard work. Hong Guang was released. In May of the second year of Shunzhi, in order to avoid chaos, Du Nan died of illness, and Zheng Hongkui and others welcomed him into Fujian. At the beginning of the establishment of the Longwu regime, it seemed that something had been done, and courtiers gathered to discuss resistance to the Qing Dynasty. Acceded to the throne less than half a month, that is, a letter to the personal expedition, the impact is considerable. Insurgents in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi and other places have revolted and responded to the call of anti-Qing. However, the military and political power is in the hands of Zheng Zhilong, a local power faction, and longwu himself was forced to do so, and no results were achieved. In July of three years, the Qing army captured eastern and southern Zhejiang, and sent troops south. Zheng Zhilong secretly negotiated with the Qing army and withdrew to Anping Town. Fujian opened its doors, and the Qing army marched straight in. Emperor Longwu left Tingzhou and was chased and captured by the Qing army on August 28, and the Longwu regime perished.

Wang Lu Guo Jian

On June 28th, the second year of Shunzhi, with the support of rebels from Yuyao, Huiji and Yinxian in Zhejiang and gentry in the late Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yihai, the founder of Ming Dynasty, supervised the country in Shaoxing. Zhu Yihai, the tenth grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang and the fifth son of Zhu Shouyong, king of Lu. In February of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, he succeeded to the throne. After the establishment of the Wang Lu regime, it controlled Shaoxing, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Taizhou and other places in eastern Zhejiang, owned the righteous teachers in central Zhejiang and the headquarters of Guo 'an and Wang Zhiren in the former Ming Dynasty, and with the help of the natural barrier of Qiantang River, it jointly attacked Hangzhou with Zeng Huibing. However, his regime was corrupt, and he was keen to compete with the Longwu Dynasty for imperial reunification. In June of the third year of Shunzhi, Zhu Yihai went out to sea to Zhoushan. The Qing army quickly pacified eastern Zhejiang, and Lu Wang, Zhu Dadian, Sun Jiaji and Wang Zhiren died successively, while Fang Guoan, Ruan Dacheng and others successively fell to the Qing army. The regime died less than a year after it was established.

On the second day of November, the third year of Shunzhi of Shaowu regime, Su, a university student, was on an equal footing with He Wuxi, assistant minister of Longwu, and became Zhu's younger brother. For the emperor, change to less martial arts. In the same year1February 15, the Li Chengdong Department of the Qing army invaded Guangzhou. Everyone will die. Shaowu regime has only 4 1 day left.

Li Yong regime

On the eighth day of November in the third year of Shunzhi, Ding Kuichu, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi in the Ming Dynasty, and Qu Shizhen, governor of Guangxi, established Wang Gui and Zhu Youlang as emperors in Zhaoqing, and the following year was the first year of Li Yong. Zhu Youlang, the grandson of Ming Shenzong and the youngest son of your son Wang Zhu Chang Ying. Wang Yongming was sealed for the first time. Weak and indecisive, fatuous and incompetent.

Just when the situation of Nanming regime was extremely critical, the surplus of Dashun peasant army appeared in the forefront of the anti-Qing struggle, saving the crisis. After Li Zicheng's death, the remaining two branches, led by Hao, Liu Tichun, Gao Yi, successively entered Hunan, and joined forces with He Tengjiao, governor of Minghuguang, and Du Yinxi, governor of Hubei to fight against Qing Dynasty.

1647, Hao's guards fled to Liuzhou, their residence in Guangxi, and attacked Guilin. At the end of the year, the Qing army was defeated in Quanzhou and entered Hunan. The following year, the remnants of Dashun Army, together with He Tengjiao and Qu Shizhen's troops, won repeatedly in Hunan and almost recovered the whole territory of Hunan. At this time, the anti-Qing struggles in Guangdong, Sichuan and other places resumed, and Jin Shenghuan, the general of the Qing army in Jiangxi, and Li Chengdong, the general of the Qing army in Guangzhou, were successively dismissed. Anyway, the anti-Qing forces behind the Qing army also launched a large-scale offensive. In addition, Emperor Zhu Youlang also sent envoys to Shizhu, East Sichuan, in order to win the support of Qin Liangyu and Zhonghouhou, the generals in East Sichuan: Notes of Chunhuitang, a book in Miscellaneous Notes, says: "Before entering Yunnan, he sent envoys to Zhongzhou and Prince Qin Liangyu, and was ordered to recruit envoys in Sichuan, and he still supervised the thieves in Jingchuan with the generals in East Sichuan." . For a time, the area controlled by Li Yong regime expanded to Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi and Sichuan provinces, which led to the climax of the first anti-Qing struggle in Nanming period.

With the support of He Tengjiao, Qu, Du Yinxi and other famous anti-Qing generals, especially the peasant army of Dashun and Daxi joined forces to fight against Qing, the Li Yong regime survived and supported half of Taiwan Province and several provinces in Central South and Southwest China, with considerable momentum. In the spring of the fifth year of Shunzhi, Huguang and parts of Gui Xiang were recovered. Shunzhi recovered the whole territory of Guangxi in nine years. Then take Changsha in the north, sweep Jiangxi in the east, and recover Erzhou 16 county.

However, there are many contradictions within the Li Yong regime, and various political forces attack each other. The peasant army was also excluded, unable to unite against the enemy, giving the Qing army a chance to breathe. 1649 to 1650, He Tengjiao and Qu Shizhen were captured and sacrificed in the battles of Xiangtan and Guilin, and the Qing army reoccupied Hunan and Guangxi. Other newly recovered lost land has also been lost. Soon, Lee Guo died of illness, and his son, Li Laiheng, and other peasant army generals led his troops out of the Nanming government, moved to the Jingxiang area of Badong, and set up 13 armies in Kuidong to fight against the Qing Dynasty independently. The unit has been sticking to 1664.

1652, the court of Nanming accepted the suggestion that Zhang Department and Li Dingguo jointly fought against Qing Dynasty. This year, Li Dingguo launched a counterattack, led 80,000 troops east to Guangxi, down to Guilin, and invaded Hunan and Guangdong. "Two famous kings shocked the world." At the same time, Liu Wenxiu also attacked Sichuan and recovered southern Sichuan. Zhang Huangyan and other anti-Qing armies along the southeast coast also launched attacks and accepted the title of Li Yong. The anti-Qing struggle reached its climax again.

Unfortunately, the conflict between Sun Kewang and Li Dingguo broke out at this time, which destroyed the excellent situation. 1656, Li Dingguo took Guiwang to Yunnan, and was defeated by Sun Kewang in the following year, but the material was poor and clear. After the fall of Sun Kewang, the actual situation of Yungui was known to the Qing army. 1658, Wu Sangui led the Qing army into Yunnan. At the beginning of the following year, Gui Wang fled Myanmar when he went to Kunming. Li Dingguo led the whole army to ambush Mopanshan in an attempt to annihilate the enemy pursuers in one fell swoop, but the secret agent leaked the secret without success. 166 1 year, Wu Sangui led an army into Myanmar to get back Wang Gui, and was executed in Kunming in April of the following year. In July, Li Dingguo learned of Wang Gui's death in Mengla and died of grief and indignation.

Although the resistance struggle of Nanming regime finally failed, its influence and significance were far-reaching.

Attached is the complete imperial list of Nanming.

Tan Poulnot. Posthumous title: Eleanor. Dominant time capital

Filial piety Zhu

Emperor Zhu Yousong of Ming 'an Zonglai Hong Guang 1644—1645 Ying Tian.

(Supervisor) Wang Lu Zhu Changfang 1645

(Supervisor) Prince Wang Zhiming of Zong Wei 1645 Ying Tian

(Supervisor) Wang Lu Zhu Yihai 1645—1655 Zhoushan, Shaoxing

(Supervisor) Wang Yi Zhu Cihuan 1645

Duan Dizhu

Yu Huang Zhu di chess set

To Emperor Zhu Yuwen.

Shun di Zhu Zhou

Ming Chengzu Zhu, Ming Chengzu Zongxiang, Longwu1645-1646 Tianxing.

(Supervisor) Jing Jiang Wang Zhu Heng Jia 1645 Guilin

Tang Wang Zhu Yuyu Shao Wu 1646 Guangzhou

(Guo Jian) Wang Yiyang Bamboo Book? 1646 Longyou

Zhu Wu1646 ——1664 Fangxian County

Zhu Changying, Emperor of Ming Dynasty

Ming Taizu Zhao Zongkuang, Zhu Youlang Li Yong1646 ——1662 Zhaoqing Anlong Dian Capital.

Wang Huaizhu Changqing Wu Dong 1648 South Australia

(Supervisor) wangyi Zhu Youzhen 1647 Jieyang

(Supervisor) Zhu 1649 Kuizhou

Wu Yanping Wang Zhu Chenggong1661-1662 Chengtian

Zheng Attack 1662 Chengtian

Yanping Wang Wen Zhu Jin1662 ——1681Chengtian

Wang Yanping Zhu Kecang 168 1 Chengtian

Wang Yanping Zhu Kejian1681-1683 Chengtian

1. His real name is Zheng Sen, and he was adopted by Zhu as his adopted son. Zheng is Zhu Chenggong's younger brother, but he was not adopted to Zhu, so he used his real name. Others are descendants of Zhu Chenggong, so he used the surname of the country.

2. Although Wang Zhiming is not a national surname, he was imprisoned for three days, and his name has not changed, so he was included.