Yunnan-Vietnam Railway History

Yunnan-Vietnam Railway is the first railway in Yunnan Province and one of the few "meter-gauge" railways in China. It was originally built by the French colonial authorities according to the unequal treaties.

This railway is called Yunnan-Vietnam Railway, and the section from Hekou to Kunming is also called Kunhe Railway, because it starts from the coastal defense of the former French colony Vietnam, passes through the Sino-Vietnamese border in Laojie, enters Yunnan, and extends northward from Hekou to Kunming.

From the19th century, British and French colonists invaded Southeast Asia and Yunnan, China, fighting for each other.

Since the invasion, France has been trying to control Yunnan and turn Yunnan into its colony.

In the 11th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1885), through the Sino-French War, France concluded the Sino-French Vietnam Treaty, and obtained the "protection right" for Vietnam and the right to trade and build railways in the southwestern provinces of China.

In the 21st year of Guangxu (A.D. 1895), France forced Qing * * * to sign the Sino-French Business Contract Renewal under the pretext of "three countries' interference (Japan's return to Liao)" and obtained the right to extend the Vietnamese railway into China.

In the 29th year of Guangxu (A.D. 1903), China and France signed the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway Charter, and then France sent people to survey the route, draw a blueprint, and formally established the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway France Company.

Yunnan-Vietnam Railway runs from Haiphong, Vietnam to Laojie, and from Hekou, Yunnan Province, China to Kunming, which is called "Yunnan Section".

Since the 27th year of Guangxu (A.D. 190 1), the cross section was built first.

In the Yunnan section, the French originally planned to connect the prosperous towns in Yunnan with the densely populated rural areas, and draw a western line passing through Hekou, Xinjie, Xinxian (now Pingbian), Ji Jie (now Mengzi), Jianshui, Guan Yi (now Jianshui), Tonghai, Yuxi, Jinning, Jincheng (now Jinning) and Chenggong. However, due to the large number of people along the line, the middle section, Chenggong. The upper section arrived in Kunming from Yiliang via tribute, that is, the eastern line.

In the 29th year of Guangxu (A.D. 1903), France * * * approved the planning of the eastern route, and construction started the following year. In Xuantong Yuannian (AD 1909), Bishe Village was opened to traffic on April 15, and the whole line was opened to traffic on April 1 day.

The gauge of Yunnan-Vietnam Railway is 1 meter, with a total length of 855 kilometers, including 389 kilometers in Vietnam and 466 kilometers in Yunnan. The cost of the whole line is nearly 654.38+59 million francs, which is about L times higher than that of China 1.6 meter railway, which shows that the project is huge.

In the process of building the railway, the French colonists enslaved and oppressed the road builders in China.

During the construction of Yunnan section alone, in addition to serving the people of all ethnic groups in Yunnan, a large number of migrant workers were recruited from Hebei, Shandong, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces. In the seven years before and after, the total number was no less than 200 thousand, and nearly 80 thousand people were tortured to death.

Exactly: "nanxi river was stained with blood, and his body crossed the Yunnan-Vietnam road.

Qianshan's bones are covered with blood and tears. "

The Yunnan-Vietnam Railway, built by the people of China with sweat and blood, has become a plundering tool of French colonists and brought disaster to the people of Yunnan.

By virtue of this railway, French colonists controlled Yunnan's traffic, mastered the fate of tin merchants, manipulated Yunnan's finance and dominated Yunnan's posts and telecommunications.

After visiting Yunnan, Burton, a Frenchman, said: "The Yunnan-Vietnam Railway is not only controlled by Yunnan legal person, but also controlled by Paris." .

"The Yunnan-Vietnam Railway has become a' big blood vessel inserted in Yunnan', sucking the blood of Yunnan people.

It is a historical witness of the colonists invading and plundering the people of Yunnan.

It was not until the beginning of 1950 that the people * * * took over the Yunnan section of the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway, and it became the main artery to strengthen economic and cultural exchanges among various regions and ethnic groups along the route.

At present, there are still many ancient traces related to Yunnan-Vietnam Railway, such as Bisecun Railway Station, Hekou Post Office, Hekou Customs and Mengzi Concession.

Bisecun Railway Station is the intersection of Yunnan-Vietnam Railway and Bishi Railway, covering an area of about 2 square kilometers. Existing platforms, stations, warehouses and garages of Yunnan-Vietnam and Bishi railways.

There are still buildings around the station, such as Goliath Hotel, Customs Warehouse and Datong Company.

Bisecun Railway Station is one of the earliest railway stations in China, which is of great value for studying the history of China's railway development. 1987 is listed as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit.

The former site of Hekou Post Station and the former site of Customs are located in Hekou County.

In the 23rd year of Guangxu (A.D. 1897), a post office was established, and in the 26th year of the Republic of China (A.D. 1900), a postal building was built, with a total area of 294 1 m2 and a construction area of 2,457 m2. The project was contracted by Bath Guilin Company of Italy.

The postal building has two floors, made of bluestone and blue bricks, which is solid and sturdy.

Hekou Post Office is one of the earliest existing post offices in China.

Hekou Customs was built in the 13th year of Guangxu (A.D. 1887). It has 5 red tile houses with brick and wood structure and 23 rooms with a total area of 1 127 square meters. It is an earlier customs building in China.

In addition, there are cultural relics protection units such as the French Deputy Consulate General in Hekou and the former site of Hekou Inspector.

Ask close questions

When the Sino-Vietnamese Railway was built, the French bullied the workers. Are there any cases in which China's army attacked the French?