Su Causeway (Su Causeway) Detailed Data Collection

Su Causeway, located in Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, was formed in the fourth year of Yuan You in the Northern Song Dynasty (1089). When the poet Su Shi (Su Dongpo) was the governor of Hangzhou, he dredged the West Lake and built it with dredged mud, which evolved from later generations. Hangzhou people named it "Su Causeway" to commemorate Su Dongpo's achievements in managing the West Lake.

According to Yuan Shi, when Su Dongpo was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou in the fourth year of Yuan You (1089), he dredged the West Lake and built the north and south levees with dredged silt and straw. Su Dongpo presided over the construction of the levee, which is about the prototype of the levee from Nanping foothills in the south to Qixialing in the north. Although it is a prototype, the six most famous bridges that make up this dike, namely Yingbo, Solan, Wangshan, Dike, Dongpu and Cross Rainbow, have already existed. It is said that these names all come from Su Dongpo's heart. In Su Dongpo's own poems, there is a clear record of the construction of this dike: "I came to Qiantang to expand the lake green, and the dike women competed for Changfeng." The sixth bridge spans the Tianhan River, and Beishan begins to connect with Nanping. "("Yingzhou Stone ") Since the Southern Song Dynasty, this embankment built by Su Dongpo has become the first of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake, known as" Su Causeway ". What is certain, however, is that the Su Causeway seen by tourists today is not the same as the Su Causeway built by Su Dongpo in those days. It must have undergone numerous supplementary repairs, such as road surface preparation and afforestation. For example, during the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, when the Lixi Lake was built, Yang and Yang used part of the silt dredged from the West Lake to supplement Su Causeway. In other words, the beauty of "Su Causeway" today cannot be achieved by Su Dongpo alone.

In order to remember Su Dongpo's achievements in dredging lakes and building dikes, later generations called this north-south long dike Su Causeway. On the morning of spring, the willow bridge filled with smoke and willow gauze chirped several times, announcing the early spring in Su Causeway, and there was a folk song Sang Song: "The scenery of the West Lake is six suspension bridges, one willow and one peach." Su Causeway Xiao Chun in the "Ten Scenes of West Lake" is named after this. .

Basic Introduction Chinese Name: mbth, Su Causeway: Su Causeway Location: Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province Climate Type: Subtropical Monsoon Climate Opening Hours: All-day Ticket Price: Free suggested duration: 1-2 hours Suitable for play season: Four seasons are suitable for pre-trip reading, scenic spot dynamics, scenic spot introduction, key information, scenic spot beauty, general situation, basic information, name origin, travel guide, detailed explanation, Six Bridges, etc. Since the Southern Song Dynasty (13rd century), "Spring Dawn in Su Causeway" is the first of the "Ten Scenes of West Lake". The waves lying on the long embankment run through the north and south sides of the whole lake, adding a charming scenery to the West Lake. The Yuan Dynasty, also known as "Six Bridges and Smoke Willow", was listed in the Ten Scenes of Qiantang, which shows that it has been deeply loved by people since ancient times. The whole embankment of Hangzhou West Lake spans the long dikes on the north and south banks of the West Lake, and the embankment body is composed of dredged grass and lake mud. The dike runs from the northern foot of Nanping Mountain in the south to Beishan Mountain in the north, and runs through the lake, about 500 meters from the west bank of the lake and about 2300 meters from the east bank of the lake, which divides the lake into two parts (the area ratio is about 1:5). The dike body is connected by six bridges, with a length of 2797 meters and a dike width of 30-40 meters, which is 0.4 meters higher than the lake surface. It is the only channel connecting the north and south banks across the lake, spanning the whole water area of the West Lake, and is the best zone for viewing the whole lake landscape. Planting ornamental trees such as willows and peaches along the embankment, as well as a large number of flowers and plants. There are also six single-hole semicircular stone arch bridges built in the Northern Song Dynasty. From south to north are InBev, Solana, Wangshan, Dike, Dongpu (Bund) and Cross Rainbow. Su Causeway Basic Information Su Causeway, formerly known as Sugong Dike, is a tree-lined levee that runs through the north and south scenic spots of the West Lake, with a total length of 2,797 meters. It was built for dredging the West Lake by Su Shi (1089), a scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, when he was the magistrate of Hangzhou. There are six bridges on the dike, namely Yingbo, Suolan, Wangshan, Dike, Dongpu and Guohong, which are simple and beautiful. Su Dongpo once wrote a poem: "I came to Qiantang to expand the lake green, and the women on the levee competed for Changfeng." The sixth bridge spans the Tianhan River, and Beishan begins to connect with Nanping. "The embankment is full of flowers and trees, including weeping willows, peach blossoms, begonia, hibiscus and wisteria. Whenever winter passes and spring breeze blows, Su Causeway is like an elegant messenger of spring, with willows sandwiched between banks and bright peaches. The weeping willows are green, the peach blossoms are in bloom, and the green Ruyan Liu and the red peach are like fog, red and green are intertwined and brilliant. The most attractive thing is that in the first dawn, the lake waves are like mirrors, the bridge shadows shine on the water, birds chirp, willows curl, and peach blossoms greet each other with laughter. When the moon sets in the western hills, the breeze blows slowly, which is infinitely gentle. At this time, the scenery is particularly beautiful. Tourists stroll on the embankment and watch the West Lake wake up in the mist. New Ruyan Liu is full of spring breeze, good birds and songs, and the artistic conception is moving. Lakes and mountains spread out like a picture, which is fantastic in many ways ... Therefore, it is called "Su Causeway Xiao Chun". Many ornamental flowers and trees, such as Magnolia, Cherry Blossom, Hibiscus, Osmanthus fragrans, are also planted in Su Causeway, which are colorful all year round. Time series changes, the morning is dark and sunny, the atmosphere is different, and the scenery is different. The picturesque scenery makes Su Causeway a place that people can enjoy all the year round. During the Southern Song Dynasty, a lake market was once formed here. Old Wulin recorded Tomb-Sweeping Day's grand tour around the lake and wrote: "In Su Causeway area, peaches and willows are thick and cloudy, red and green are interlaced, and rope walking, riding a title of generals in ancient times, flying money, throwing balls, kicking wood, throwing sand, swallowing knives, spitting fire, jumping circles, fighting and all kinds of bird and insect games abound. "There will be trading fairs, fragrant tea and fruit, and wine. Makeup dolls, lotus boats, war horses, drums and trivial toys are all available now. " Of the six stone arch bridges on the Su Causeway, what you can see at the bridge head is * * *: Yingbo Bridge is adjacent to Huagang Park, and the rain is falling and smoke is rolling; Suolan Bridge is near Xiaoying Island, far from Baoyu Tower, which is near reality and far from emptiness; On the Wangshan Bridge, you can see the mountains in the west of the lake, with overlapping peaks, such as ink and wash landscape paintings. At close range, it is all Dingjiashan, while at a distance, two peaks are towering. Dike Bridge is located in a prime location between the north and the south of Su Causeway. In the old days, it was also a waterway for lake owners to travel west. Su Causeway Xiao Chun Royal Memorial Pavilion is in the south of the bridge; Dongpu Bridge has reason to suspect that it is the myth of "Pu Shu Bridge", and it is one of the best places to watch the sunrise on the lake. After crossing Hongqiao, over the rainbow flies after the rain, and the lakes and mountains are like fairyland. According to the records of the Yuan Dynasty, when Su Dongpo was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou in the fifth year of Yuan You (1090), he dredged the West Lake and built a north-south levee with dredged silt and hay. Su Dongpo presided over the construction of the levee, which is about the prototype of the levee from Nanping foothills in the south to Qixialing in the north. Although it is a prototype, the six most famous bridges that make up this dike, namely Yingbo, Solan, Wangshan, Dike, Dongpu and Cross Rainbow, have already existed. It is said that these names all come from Su Dongpo's heart. In Su Dongpo's own poems, there is a clear record of the construction of this dike: "I came to Qiantang to expand the lake green, and the dike women competed for Changfeng." The sixth bridge spans the Tianhan River, and Beishan begins to connect with Nanping. "("Stone in Yingzhou ")

Since the Southern Song Dynasty, Su Dongpo presided over the construction of this dike, which became the first of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake, and was called "Su Causeway Xiao Chun". What is certain, however, is that the Su Causeway seen by tourists today is not the same as the Su Causeway built by Su Dongpo in those days. It must have undergone numerous supplementary repairs, such as road surface preparation and afforestation. For example, during the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, when the Lixi Lake was built, Yang and Yang used part of the silt dredged from the West Lake to supplement Su Causeway. In other words, the beauty of "Su Causeway" today cannot be achieved by Su Dongpo alone. In order to remember Su Dongpo's achievements in dredging lakes and building dikes, later generations called this north-south long dike Su Causeway. On the morning of spring, the willow bridge filled with smoke and willow gauze chirped several times, announcing the early spring in Su Causeway, and there was a folk song Sang Song: "The scenery of the West Lake is six suspension bridges, one willow and one peach." Su Causeway Xiao Chun in the "Ten Scenes of West Lake" is named after this. Tourist guide scenic spot classification: human landscape ticket price: free scenic spot address: west side of West Lake, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province Best time: Chunxiao opening hours: all-day opening suggested duration: half an hour. Tip: If you are at the southern tip of Su Causeway, you can visit the Su Dongpo Memorial Hall nearby or another scene of the West Lake, Huagang Fish Watching Park. The scenic spot is located in the western waters of the West Lake, about 500 meters away from the west bank of the West Lake, with an area of about 9.66 hectares. It consists of Su Causeway and six bridges, the Imperial Monument, the Imperial Pavilion and the ruins of the Imperial Bookstore. On the dike, you can enjoy the whole West Lake waters and the landscape around the lake in the east and west of the dike, that is, the Xili Lake waters in the west of the dike, the outer lake waters in the east of the dike, the mountains and rivers in the west of the lake and Hubei, and the three islands in the lake and the lakeside landscape in the east of the lake. When Su Shi (Dongpo) came to Hangzhou as a magistrate for the second time in the Song and Yuan Dynasties of Su Causeway (1089- 109 1 year), he saw that the grass grew and the water dried up in the West Lake, and the farmland occupied half of the West Lake, so he came second. The imperial court gave him the "order" of 65,438+000 monks, and it took more than 200,000 labors to raise people and open the lake. Finally, the weeds were cleaned up and a long embankment was built with the dug weeds and silt. In memory of him, later generations called this dike "Su Gong Dike" or "Su Causeway" for short. During the Southern Song Dynasty, pavilions and pavilions were built on the embankment, which became a noisy place for sightseeing on the lake. 1988 Hangzhou Su Dongpo Memorial Hall was built at the southern end of the dike, which contains Su Dongpo's statue and Su Dongpo's historical materials exhibition hall. Su Causeway has a long history, charming scenery, quiet environment and unique geographical position. When the dawn of spring first appeared, the Cebu had not dispersed, and the weeping willows and peach blossoms were in full bloom on the embankment, which was a lively scene of spring. Walking on the embankment, the lakes and mountains spread out picturesque and beautiful. Therefore, it is known as the "Bridge of Willow Painting" and has been the best place to enjoy the panoramic view of the West Lake since ancient times. The sixth bridge was built in the Northern Song Dynasty (960- 1 127). It is a single-hole semicircular stone arch bridge with a clear span of about 3-8 meters. The bridge body is made of stone, and flowers are carved on the bridge railing, which is small in shape and exquisite in craftsmanship. Yingbo Bridge Yingbo Bridge: The sixth bridge on the Su Causeway runs from south to north, and Yingbo is the first bridge. Standing at the bridge, you can see the reflection of pavilions and promenades in Huagang for you to watch the fish. In nine years, the bridge deck was changed to a slope. Now the bridge fence is decorated with jumping lions, butterflies and palindromes. Yingbo Bridge is called Wu Chao Mianshu. Near Nanshan Road, you can see the newly-built Leifeng Tower, and on the other side is the other ten scenic spots of the West Lake, "Flower Harbor Watching Fish". Go all the way through the bamboo forest by the roadside, and when you come to the bridge, you will see the small bridge crossing the embankment into Huagang. At that end, it is the famous Jiangzhuang, known as "Lanlang Villa". Yingbo Bridge is17m long, with a clear width of 7m and a single span of 7.40m.. This is a semicircular stone arch bridge. Founded in the Northern Song Dynasty, the bridge deck was changed to a slope in the ninth year of the Republic of China, and the old port was connected to the Chishan teaching field. Suolan Bridge, the second bridge in Su Causeway, is located in Wangzhuang, not far from the lake. The bridge is 16.9 m long, 6.4 m wide and 6.2 m single span. It is a semicircular stone arch bridge, which was built in the Northern Song Dynasty. In 1999-11, the stone steps were changed to slopes. 1954, the arch bridge was changed to Qingshiqiao fence, which used to pass through Mailing Road in Chishan. Wangshan Bridge The third bridge on Su Causeway is not far from Huagang Guanyu Park. On the other side of the bridge, you can see Santan silver moon Island. Bridge length 16.9 m, clear width of 7 m, single-hole clear span of 4.7 m. It is a semicircular stone arch bridge, which was built in the Northern Song Dynasty. From 9 to 1 1 in the Republic of China, the bridge deck was upgraded to a slope, which was connected with Huajiashan Port in the old days. The fourth bridge in Su Causeway, with a length of 16.9 m, a clear width of 4.0 m and a single span of 6.3 m, is a semicircular stone arch bridge. This is one of the best places overlooking the whole lake, hence the name "Dike", which once passed through Maojiabu Port. It is said that the water under the bridge is particularly deep, so if you want to go to Lingyin Tianzhu, you must take this route. There used to be a stone lamp beside the bridge for night boats to walk, and the water shield of the West Lake was once produced in the lake beside the bridge. Dongpu Bridge The fifth bridge on Su Causeway is called Dongpu Bridge, but it is also called Pu Shu Bridge. This bridge was built in the Northern Song Dynasty. It connects Quyuan Port, diagonally opposite to Liujinqiao on the west bank. The length of the whole bridge is16.8m, the clear width is 4.3m, and the clear distance of a single hole is 5.9m.. It is a semicircular stone arch bridge, and the deck was upgraded to a slope from 9 to 1 1 in the Republic of China. Crossing Hongqiao, just opposite the entrance of Shangri-La Hotel on Beishan Road, you can see the sixth bridge in Su Causeway, which is "crossing Hongqiao". The bridge is a semi-circular stone arch bridge with a length of 2 1. 1m, a clear width of 4.3m and a single span of 8.1m. Built in the Northern Song Dynasty, the bridge site moved slightly in the Ming Dynasty. It is the only mobile bridge site in Su Causeway Sixth Bridge, with the longest length and large single span. After 9 years of the Republic of China, the bridge deck was changed from stone steps to slopes. It was connected with Gengjiabao Port in the past. If you don't want to walk the long embankment, you just want to see the scenery. This is the best place to experience Su Causeway, and it is not far from Beishan Road, looking at the lonely mountain in the east and the wind and lotus in Quyuan in the west. It is also very convenient to go home, especially when the sunset is refreshing, and the breeze on the railing can make you feel inexplicably moved. The Imperial Monument and the Imperial Monument Pavilion engraved with the words "Xiao Chun, Su Causeway" are one of the important historical evidences of this landscape. Located at the west edge of the dike body 265,438+0 meters south of Su Causeway Diya Bridge. In the thirty-eighth year of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (65,438+0699), Emperor Kangxi set the title "Ten Scenes of the West Lake" and wrote a royal book "Su Causeway Xiao Chun". At present, among the "Ten Scenery of West Lake", only "Su Causeway Xiao Chun" and "Quyuan Fenghe" are the original works conferred by Emperor Kangxi in that year, and they are municipal cultural protection units. The stele is Taihu Stone, with a height of 2.56m, a width of1.05m and a thickness of 0.22m.. The front and back of the monument are embossed with seawater and Yunlong patterns; The front of the monument is engraved with the words "Su Causeway Xiao Chun" written by Kangxi 1699, the back is engraved with the seven-character quatrains written by Tommy Tam 175 1 year, and the side is engraved with two rhyming poems written by Tommy Tam 1757 and 1762. This monument is square. In the eighth year of Yongzheng, the pavilion was changed to Cenlou, and in the Qing Dynasty it was a hut. During the Cultural Revolution, several monuments were smashed, and later they were built and erected. The Imperial Monument Pavilion, a protected building of the Imperial Monument, is a wooden pavilion with a quadrangular pyramid roof in Qing Dynasty style, with an area of 12.2 square meters and a height of 4.8 meters. Brief introduction of the builder of Su Causeway Su Shi (1037 ~101year) was born in Meishan, Meizhou, Northern Song Dynasty (now Sichuan). He is a famous writer, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. He is knowledgeable and versatile, and has high attainments in calligraphy, painting, poetry and prose. His calligraphy is called "Song Sijia" with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei; He is good at painting bamboo and strange stones, and also has outstanding opinions on painting theory and calligraphy theory. Su is a literary leader after Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his prose is as famous as Ouyang Xiu. Poetry is like the name of Huang Tingjian; His words are magnificent and bold, and his words are graceful and restrained. Known as "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, * * * is an uninhibited poet. In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he was a scholar. He served as a judge in Fuchang County, a judge in Dali and a judge in Fengxiang Prefecture, and was called the Official History Museum. Two years later, Zongshen Yuanfeng learned about Huzhou and was slandered by the court. In three years, he was demoted to the post of Yong Lian in Huangzhou, built a room in Dongpo, and named himself Dongpo lay man. Later, the money was transferred to the United States. In the first year of Yuan You (1086), Zhe Zongyuan returned to Korea, where he was a calligrapher of China and a bachelor of Hanlin. Know the patent. He was dismissed in nine years and exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou for three years (1 100). He was recalled to the north and died in Changzhou. Su Shi wrote the Complete Works of Dongpo with a volume of 1 15, which has been preserved to this day. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, he came to Hangzhou twice. The first time was 107 1-1074, and it was sentenced to three years, second only to well-known. The second time was 1089-109 1 year, and I stayed in the public for two years. On June 9th, 2065438+00, according to experts' opinions, three flower beds in the Su Causeway of "Su Causeway Xiao Chun", the first of the "Ten Scenes of West Lake", will be renovated. These three flower beds do not conform to the overall artistic conception of "Peach Blossom and Willow Green" in Su Causeway, and will be listed as the key content of Su Causeway's renovation, and will be demolished within one month. The construction time starts from June 20th. 2065438+01At 0: 00 am Taipei time on June 25th, the 35th World Heritage Conference in Paris listed "Hangzhou West Lake Cultural Landscape" on the World Heritage List. The West Lake, which was successfully applied for World Heritage, is also the 4th1World Heritage Site in China. Traffic Raiders Su Causeway is about 2.8 kilometers long, starting from Beishan Road in the north and Qixialing in the south, and adjacent to the northern foot of Nanping Mountain in the south. Beishan Road can get off at Yuemiao Station by bus and Nanshan Road can get off at Su Causeway Station by bus. Traffic guide: 504, Y 104, 822, 808, 4/K4, Y6, Y7, 365, 438+05, Y3, 565, 438+0, 52, Y2 (Su Causeway Station Exit) 27/K27, 7.