The main indicators to measure a country's scientific and technological strength are

The main indicators to measure a country's scientific and technological strength are the number of scientific and technological papers, the number of patent applications by China residents, the number of personal computers used, the number of Internet host users, and the government's use of R&D; D (research and development) expenditure. Among them, the number of scientific papers includes about 4800 papers published in international academic journals, which reflects a country's knowledge innovation ability.

The main indicators to measure a country's scientific and technological strength are

The number of patents applied by China residents reflects a country's technological innovation ability. The number of personal computers used reflects a country's ability to apply new technologies.

The number of Internet host users reflects a country's information dissemination ability. Research and development government; D (R&D) expenditure reflects a country's potential knowledge and technological innovation ability.