Common sense of safe electricity use in hotel rooms

1. Seeking knowledge of building electrical safety.

The fire prevention of hotels and restaurants is a place for passengers to stay, eat, entertain and hold various meetings and banquets.

Modern hotels and restaurants are generally multifunctional and comprehensive, integrating restaurants, cafes, dance halls, exhibition halls, auditoriums, guest rooms, shopping malls, offices and warehouses, laundry rooms, boiler rooms, parking lots and other auxiliary rooms. The use function is complex, the decoration is luxurious, the personnel are concentrated, and the consciousness of fire safety is weak, which leads to repeated prohibitions in these places in recent years.

The first section of the hotel fire danger. Indoor decoration standards are high, and combustible materials are used. Although most hotels and restaurants adopt reinforced concrete structure or steel structure, a large number of decoration materials, furniture and furnishings are made of combustible materials such as wood, plastic, cotton, hemp, silk and wool, which increases the fire load in the building. In the event of a fire, a large number of combustible materials will lead to intense combustion and the fire will spread rapidly; Most combustible materials will also produce toxic smoke when burning, which will bring difficulties to evacuation and fighting and endanger personal safety.

Second, the building structure is easy to produce modern hotels and restaurants in stack effect, many of which are high-rise buildings with shafts such as stairs, elevator shafts, cable shafts and garbage lanes, just like big chimneys; There are also ventilation pipes criss-crossing and extending to every corner of the building. Once a fire breaks out, stack effect will easily occur, which will make the flame spread rapidly along the shaft and ventilation pipe, endangering the whole building. Third, it is difficult to evacuate, which is easy to cause heavy casualties. Hotels and restaurants are places where people are relatively concentrated, mostly temporary tourists, with great mobility.

They are not familiar with the environment and evacuation facilities in the building. In addition, when a fire breaks out, they are foggy and nervous, and they are easy to get lost and congested in the passage, which leads to disorder and difficulties in evacuation and rescue work, thus often causing heavy casualties. Fourth, there are many factors that cause fires. Hotels and restaurants use a lot of fire, electricity and gas equipment. If they neglect management or employees violate regulations, it is easy to cause fires; In addition, hotel guests are not aware of fire safety, pulling wires indiscriminately, using fire at will, and smoking in bed are also common phenomena that cause fires. Therefore, the fire management of hotels and restaurants is very important, and the task of fire prevention is quite arduous.

The main causes of fires in hotels and restaurants are: passengers smoking in bed after drinking, littering cigarette butts and match stalks; Careless fire in the kitchen, overheating of the oil pan; Violation of pipeline equipment maintenance and flammable decoration construction; There are four aspects: poor contact of electrical wiring, improper use of electric heating appliances, and high temperature of lighting lamps to bake combustible materials. The most fire-prone parts of hotels and restaurants are guest rooms, kitchens, restaurants and various computer rooms.

Section 2 Key parts and main fire protection requirements of hotels and restaurants 1. Guest rooms, apartments, writing rooms, apartments and writing rooms are the main components of modern hotels and restaurants, including bedrooms, bathrooms, offices, kitchenettes, guest rooms, floor service rooms and small warehouses. 1. Fires in guest rooms and apartments are mainly caused by cigarette butts and matches igniting combustible materials or electric heating appliances baking combustible materials.

Fires usually occur at night and holidays, especially when passengers lie in bed smoking after drinking and light cotton fabrics such as bedding. Therefore, all the decoration materials in the guest room should comply with the provisions of the Code for Fire Protection Design of Interior Decoration of Buildings, and adopt incombustible materials or flame retardant materials. Curtains and other silk, wool, hemp and cotton fabrics should be treated with fire prevention. In addition to the inherent electrical appliances such as hair dryers and electric razors that passengers are allowed to use, it is forbidden to use other electrical equipment, especially electric heating equipment, in the guest room.

2. Clear regulations should be made for passengers and tourists: it is forbidden to bring inflammable and explosive articles into the hotel, and anyone who brings them into the hotel should be handed over to the waiter for special storage immediately. 3. Rooms should be equipped with signs prohibiting smoking in bed, emergency evacuation instructions, instructions for hotel guests and fire safety guidelines for hotels and restaurants.

The waiter should check carefully when cleaning the room, and do not pour the cigarette butts in the ashtray into garbage bags; Patrol and check frequently at ordinary times, and take timely measures when finding fire hazards. 2. Restaurants and kitchen restaurants are the places where hotel and restaurant employees are most concentrated, including large and small banquet halls, Chinese and western restaurants, cafes and bars.

These places have many combustible decorations and materials, and are connected with kitchens with high fire rate. In some restaurants, in order to increase the local flavor, more open flames are used temporarily, such as lighting candles to increase the atmosphere and heating dishes with fire. , causing many accidents.

There are refrigerators, kitchen equipment, ovens, etc. In the kitchen. Due to heavy fog and humidity, a large amount of oil fume is accumulated, and electrical equipment is easy to get wet, resulting in insulation aging, leakage or short circuit fire; There are many fires in the kitchen, and it is common for the oil pan to catch fire. Therefore, the fire safety measures for restaurants and kitchens mainly include: (1) leaving enough safe passages to ensure the safe evacuation of personnel. The dining room should set the table according to the designed number of diners, and leave enough passages.

Channels and entrances and exits must be kept clear and not blocked. (2) Strengthen the management of fire, electricity and gas, establish and improve the management system and operation procedures of fire, electricity and gas, and implement them in every employee's post.

If candles are needed in the restaurant to increase the atmosphere, they must be fixed in a base made of incombustible materials and not close to combustible materials. When serving in hot pot restaurants and barbecue shops, we must strengthen the care of the heat. When using alcohol stove, it is forbidden to add alcohol before the flame goes out, and the alcohol stove should use solid alcohol fuel.

Smoking pots and spittoons should be placed in many places in the restaurant to facilitate guests to throw cigarette butts and match cigarette sticks. The gas and oil pipelines, flange joints, instruments and valves in the kitchen must be inspected regularly to prevent leakage; In case of gas and fuel leakage, first of all, close the valve for ventilation in time, and it is forbidden to use any open flame and start the power switch.

The gas warehouse shall not store or pile tableware and other articles. Floor-standing kitchens should not use bottled liquefied petroleum gas, and gas and natural gas pipelines should be introduced separately from the outside and should not pass through guest rooms or other public areas.

Use kitchen machinery and equipment in the kitchen. Don't overload electricity to prevent electrical equipment and lines from getting wet. When frying food, measures should be taken to prevent edible oil from overflowing and catching fire.

2. Safety tips

Common sense of electricity safety: With the continuous improvement of living standards, there are more and more places to use electricity in life.

Therefore, it is necessary for us to master the following basic common sense of safe electricity use: L. Know the main switch of power supply and learn to turn off the main power supply in an emergency. 2. Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products).

3. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth. 4. Unplug the electrical appliance after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape.

5. Find someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock. 6. Don't disassemble or install the power cord, socket and plug at will.

Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.

3. It is urgent to summarize the knowledge and common sense of safe use of electricity and the precautions for safe use of electricity.

1. Every household electric meter should be equipped with a master fuse in front and a master circuit breaker and a leakage protection switch in the back. 2. The insulation of the power cord and electrical equipment must be good, and the live parts such as lamp holders, sockets and switches must never be exposed to prevent electric shock.

3. Precautions for live working: Operators should wear electrically insulated shoes and find a dry wooden mat to enhance the insulation effect. When connecting wires, connect the low-potential (neutral) wire first, and then connect the phase wire. Do not operate before the phase wire contacts the wire to be connected (to prevent the human circuit from getting an electric shock due to accidental disconnection of the load). At the same time, there should be someone to supervise them. 4. Why does the lighting switch have to be connected to the live wire? If the lighting switch is installed on the zero line, although the light is not on when it is turned off, the phase line of the lamp holder is still on, and people will think that the light is not on and will mistakenly think that it is in a power-off state.

In fact, the ground voltage of each point on the lamp is still a dangerous voltage of 220 volts. If people touch these actually charged parts when turning off the lights, it will cause an electric shock accident.

Therefore, all kinds of lighting switches or switches of single-phase small-capacity electrical equipment can only be connected in series on the live line to ensure safety.

4. What is the knowledge about electricity safety?

First, learn to read the signs of safe use of electricity. Clear and unified signs are important measures to ensure the safety of electricity use.

Statistics show that many electrical accidents are completely caused by inconsistent signs. For example, because the wires are not uniform in color, the wires are connected to the casing of the equipment by mistake, which leads to electrification of the casing and contact casualties.

Signs are divided into color signs and graphic signs. Color signs are often used to distinguish wires with different properties and uses, or to indicate the safety level of a place.

Graphical signs are usually used to warn people not to go near dangerous places. In order to ensure the safe use of electricity, color signs and graphic signs must be used in strict accordance with relevant standards.

The standards adopted in China's safety color code are basically consistent with the draft international standard (ISD). The commonly used safety colors are as follows: 1, and red: used to indicate prohibition, stop and fire fighting. For example, signal lights, signal signs, emergency stop buttons on machines, etc. All indicate "forbidden" information in red.

2. Yellow: used to mark danger. Such as "careful contact" and "pay attention to safety"

3, green: used to mark safety. For example, "working here" and "grounding gas".

4. Blue: used to mark enforcement, such as "Safety helmet must be worn". 5. Black: Geometry used to mark images, text symbols and warning signs.

According to the regulations, in order to facilitate identification, prevent misoperation and ensure the safety of operators and maintenance personnel, different colors are used to distinguish equipment features. Such as electrical bus, phase A is yellow, phase B is green, phase C is red, and the exposed grounding wire is painted black.

In the secondary system, the AC voltage loop is yellow, the AC current loop is green and the signal and warning loop is white. 2. Precautions for safe use of electricity: With the continuous improvement of living standards, there are more and more places to use electricity in life.

Therefore, it is necessary for us to master the following basic common sense of safe electricity use: L. Know the main switch of power supply and learn to turn off the main power supply in an emergency. 2. Don't touch and test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products).

3. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth. 4, electrical appliances should be unplugged after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape.

5, found someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock. 6. Don't disassemble or install the power cord, socket and plug at will.

Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.