Who invented cinema?

The movie was released by the Lumiere brothers.

Movie is a continuous image developed from the combination of kinetic photography and slide show. It is a visual and auditory modern art, and it is also an art that can accommodate drama, photography, painting, It is a synthesis of modern technology and art of music, dance, writing, sculpture, architecture and other arts.

But it also has its own characteristics. In terms of artistic expression, film not only has the characteristics of various other arts, but also can use montage (French: Montage), a film assembly technique that makes an artistic breakthrough. , has a means of expression that surpasses all other arts, and the film can be copied and shown in large quantities. With the development of modern society, film has penetrated into all aspects of human social life and is an indispensable part of people's daily life.

Extended information:

Technical visual retention, "turns a piece of burning charcoal into a ribbon of fire when it is waved. This phenomenon has been discovered by people in ancient times." However, it is only in the 19th century that this visual phenomenon is related to the invention of film.

In 1829, in order to further examine the limit of human eye light tolerance, the famous Belgian physicist Joseph Plato once stared into strong sunlight for a long time and became blind.

But he found that the shadow of the sun was deeply imprinted on his eyes. He finally discovered the principle of "visual retention", that is: when the object in front of people's eyes is removed, the object The object image reflected on the retina will not disappear immediately, but will continue to stay for a short period of time. Experiments have shown that the retention time of objects is generally 0.1-0.4 seconds.

At the same time, in European physics textbooks and physics laboratories, the principle of "Faraday's wheel" and the visual study of the rotation of the "phantom disk" in pictures also began to be used. They show humans that the physiological function of human vision can combine a series of independent pictures into a continuous moving image.

In the 1830s, visual toys such as trick boards, horse racing boards, wheel wheels, movable mirrors and strobe observers appeared one after another. The basic principle is similar, that is, a series of images are drawn on a movable optical disc that can rotate, and when the optical disc rotates, those dull, lifeless images will move and come alive.

After that, the Austrians combined the slide show with the movable video disk, projected the static pictures on the screen, and produced the movable slide show, forming early animation.

However, in the 1960s, film theorists and educators raised new doubts about the problem of "visual retention". They discovered that all movement phenomena on the screen were actually jumping and non-stop. coherent, but the audience realizes that it is a unified and complete sequence of actions. This proves that what really works is not "visual retention", but "psychological recognition".

Reference: Film Technology-Baidu Encyclopedia