Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Hotel reservation - What language phenomena and reading methods of classical Chinese have you accumulated from the independent reading of the biographies of the four sons of the Warring States period? What experience do

What language phenomena and reading methods of classical Chinese have you accumulated from the independent reading of the biographies of the four sons of the Warring States period? What experience do

What language phenomena and reading methods of classical Chinese have you accumulated from the independent reading of the biographies of the four sons of the Warring States period? What experience do you have? Biography of childe

Author: Sima Qian

Zhang Fengling's Translation Notes

It shows that Wei Gongzi, that is, Xin, is one of the "Four Gongzi of Warring States". He became a famous vassal, and his talents and virtues far exceeded those of Qi Zhimeng, Zhao Zhiping and Chu Zhichun. Biography of Wei Gongzi is a special biography written by Sima Qian for Xin with great enthusiasm.

This biography describes in detail a series of activities in which Xin Lingjun condescended to seek wisdom in order to preserve Wei, such as personally driving to see off the doorman Hou Ying in public, visiting the butcher Zhu Hai, and secretly making friends with gambler Mao Gong and pulp seller Gong Xue. With the help of these "cave hermits", regardless of his personal safety and self-interest, he stepped forward and completed the historical cause of "stealing symbols to save Zhao" and "saving Qin from Wei". Thus, it affirmed the new ideological quality of caring for Wei, being a virtuous corporal and saving the nation from extinction. This is also the theme of this biography. As Taishi Gongxu said, "You can make money from poverty, and you can corrupt morality, but only by trusting Ling Jun can you do it". It is worth noting that the biography uses a lot of pen and ink to describe several figures in the lower class (which can also be regarded as attached biography), especially the doorman Hou Ying, who is in the market and devoted himself to Wei, and his intelligence is far from that of princes or officials. If we say that Xin performed the feat of "stealing symbols to save Zhao" on the historical stage, it is praised by people; Then, the janitor Hou Ying is the general director of this feat, and he is even more admirable and admirable. This reflects Sima Qian's progressive historical view of attaching importance to the power of the masses. Xin Lingjun's ending was unfortunate, because he was so jealous that he was deposed by Wang Wei, so that he indulged in debauchery and eventually died of "sick wine". This not only revealed the weakness of Xin's ideological character, but also revealed the ugly behavior of the supreme ruler who was jealous of the sages and attacked the loyal ministers, which can be said to reflect the regularity of that era.

This is an excellent biographical literary work. Narrative is good at selecting materials. Xin Lingjun has 3,000 customers. His talent is extraordinary and he has many activities in his life. The author pays attention to highlighting information, chooses "stealing symbols to save Zhao" as the narrative center, and organizes materials around this center, thus unifying his life activities in many ways, which not only highlights Xin's main ideological character, but also reflects the true face of history, so that people can see history in the activities of characters and in the development of history. There are many ways to describe characters, such as the character of corporal Li Xian in Xinling County, the direct description of characters' words and deeds, and the comparison of surrounding characters. The detailed description is also quite successful. For example, people use "raise your hand to see your son" to describe the skepticism of the golden symbol after verification. An action and a look vividly present the reader with the expression that a local general is surprised, confident and will never surrender military power easily, which can be described as a stroke of genius.

The whole article is full of the author's admiration, admiration and regret for Xin. It is not only called "Gongzi" in the title of the article, but also called "Gongzi" 147 times in the article. The so-called "infinite sigh, infinite low hesitation." Mao Kun said: "Xin is a proud man in Taishi Gong's chest, so this biography is also Taishi Gong's proud article." (Historical Records) can be regarded as literacy.

Wei Gongzi's name is Wuji, the youngest son of Wei, and the half-brother of King Anli. After Zhao Haoqi's death, King Anli ascended the throne and named his son Xinlingjun. At that time, Fan Sui fled from Wei to Qin as Qin Xiang. Because he was beaten half to death by resentment, he was sent to besiege the girders and beat back Wei's troops stationed in Huayang, which made Wei Mang in flight. Both Wang Wei and childe are very anxious about this matter.

Childe is a kind, generous and polite corporal. No matter whether a scholar is talented or not, he always associates with him humbly and courteously, and never dares to despise a scholar because he is rich. Therefore, thousands of scholars in Fiona Fang rushed to join him, attracting 3,000 diners. At that time, due to the virtuous children and numerous guests, the vassal States dared not use their troops to invade Wei for more than ten years.

Once, Gongzi and Wang Wei were playing chess, and they didn't want an alarm from the northern border, saying, "Zhao sent troops to invade and will enter the customs." Wang Wei immediately put down his chess pieces and called his ministers to discuss countermeasures. The son dissuaded Wang Wei and said, "It's just that Zhao Wang hunted, not invaded the DPRK." Then he continued to play chess with Wang Wei as if nothing had happened. But Wang Wei was scared and didn't have the heart to play chess. After a while, news came from the north, saying, "It's just Wang Zhao hunting, and there is no invasion." Wang Wei was greatly surprised and asked, "How do you know?" The son replied, "One of my diners can find the secret of Wang Zhao. If Wang Zhao does something, he will report it to me immediately, so I know it. " From then on, Wang Wei was afraid of his talent and dared not appoint him to handle state affairs.

Hou Ying, a hermit of Wei, is seventy years old and comes from a poor family. He is the gatekeeper of the East Gate of Daliangcheng. When my son heard about this man, he sent someone to visit him and wanted to give him a generous gift. However, Hou Ying refused to accept it and said, "I have cultivated my self-cultivation and adhered to my integrity for decades. After all, I can't accept my son's gift because I am poor. " The son then gave a banquet to entertain the guests. After everyone came to sit down, the son took the horses and chariots and his entourage, left the seat above the car and personally went to the east gate to meet Mr. Hou. Mr. Hou tidied up his shabby coat and hat, went straight to the car and sat in the distinguished seat vacated by his son. He has no modesty at all, and wants to observe his son's attitude. But the son holds the reins more respectfully. Mr. Hou said to his son, "I have a friend at the slaughterhouse in the market, hoping to give him a ride." The son immediately drove to the market, and Mr. Hou got off to see his friend Zhu Hai. He squinted at his son and stood there for a long time, chatting with friends and secretly observing his son. Childe's face is more pleasant. At this time, the generals, prime ministers, imperial clan ministers and distinguished guests of Wei were seated, waiting for the childe to raise a glass and hold a banquet. Everyone in the market saw his son driving for Mr. Hou with a reins in his hand. Childe's entourage secretly scolded Mr. Hou. Mr. Hou saw his son's face unchanged before saying goodbye to his friends. When I got home, my son led Mr. Hou to the top of the table and introduced Mr. Hou to all the guests, which was highly praised. All the guests were surprised. When everyone was in high spirits, my son stood up and went to Mr. Hou to raise a glass to celebrate his birthday. Mr. Hou took the opportunity to say to his son, "Today, I have been cruel enough to make my son embarrassed. I was just a man holding the door at the east gate, but my son wronged me and greeted me in public. I shouldn't visit my friends again. My son condescended to accompany me to see him today. However, I also want to achieve the reputation of the son, deliberately let the son's chariots and horses stop at the market for a long time, and observe the son by visiting friends. As a result, the son is even more inconspicuous. People in the market think that I am a villain, but they think that my son is a noble person who can be polite to corporal. " After the banquet broke up, Mr. Hou became a guest of honor.

Mr. Hou said to his son, "Zhu Hai, the butcher I visited, was a smart man, but people didn't know him, so he disappeared among the butchers." Childe has visited Zhu Hai many times, and Zhu Hai deliberately refused to pay a return visit to show his gratitude. Childe thinks this man is very strange.

In the twentieth year of Wei Anli (257 BC), King Zhao of Qin defeated the Zhao army in Changping, and then invaded and besieged Handan. Childe's sister is the wife of Zhao Huiwen's younger brother Ping Yuanjun. She has written to Wang Weihe's son many times and asked Wei for help. Wang Wei sent general Jin Bi to lead hundreds of thousands of troops to save Zhao. When Qin heard about this, he sent a message to Wang Wei, saying, "It's only a matter of time before I take Zhao. Whoever dares to save Zhao will send troops to attack him first. " Wang Wei was afraid, so he sent people to stop marching again, and left the army to camp in Yecheng, nominally to save Zhao, but in fact, he adopted a two-faced strategy and watched the development of the situation. The envoy's car kept coming to Wei, and he was frequently in a hurry, blaming Wei Gongzi for saying, "I, Zhao Sheng, volunteered to rely on the marriage between Wei and Wei, because this childe is noble in character and can help others out of danger enthusiastically. Now Handan is in danger and will surrender to Qin sooner or later, but Wei's reinforcements have not come yet. How do you help others out of danger? Besides, even if you don't take Zhao Sheng seriously, dislike me and let me surrender to Qin, won't you pity your sister? " Worried about this, the son repeatedly asked Wang Wei to send troops quickly, and asked the guest debater to try his best to persuade Wang Wei. Because Wang Wei was afraid of Qin, he never listened to the advice of his son. Childe estimates that he can't get Wang Wei's consent to send troops after all, so he is determined not to die and let Zhao perish. So he invited guests, collected more than 100 chariots, and planned to take the guests to the battlefield to fight side by side with Qin Jun and die together with Zhao Guoren.

Childe followed the motorcade through the East Gate to see Mr. Hou, and told Mr. Hou all his plans to fight for his life with Qin Jun, then bid farewell to Mr. Hou and prepared to go on his way. Before leaving, Mr. Hou said, "Work hard, son, I can't accompany you." My son walked a few miles and was unhappy. He said to himself, "I am considerate enough to Mr. Hou, and everyone knows it." Now I'm dying, but Mr. Hou didn't say a word to see me off. Am I mistreating him? " So I hurried back to ask Mr. Hou. As soon as Mr. Hou saw his son, he smiled and said, "I knew my son would come back." He went on to say, "My son is famous for his hospitality and love for the world. Since we are in danger, if we can't think of any other way, we can only rush to the battlefield to fight to the death with Qin Jun. It's like throwing fat to a hungry tiger. What's the use? If so, are we here as guests? My son treated me well, but I didn't see him off when he left. I know my son is angry and I will come back. " The son bowed to Mr. Hou twice in a row and then asked for countermeasures. Mr. Hou told the others to leave and had a secret conversation with his son. He said: "I heard that the golden military symbols are often kept in Wang Wei's bedroom. Among his wives and concubines, Ruji is the most popular. She casually goes in and out of Wang Wei's bedroom, and as long as she tries her best, she can steal the military standard. I also heard that Ruji's father was killed. Ruji's desire for revenge has been saved for three years. Since Wang Wei, all officials have tried to avenge Ruji, but they have failed to do so. To this end, Ruji once cried to his son, and his son sent a public servant to behead his enemy and respectfully dedicate it to Ruji. Minute died for childe, she was diligent, but she didn't have the opportunity to act. If the son really asks Ruji for help, if she will definitely agree, then he can get the tiger symbol, seize the relieving of Jin, save Zhao in the north and resist Qin in the west. This is the achievement of the Spring and Autumn Five Overlords. " Childe listened to Hou Ying's plan and asked Ruji for help. For example, Ji did steal the despicable military emblem and give it to childe.

The son got the military standard and was ready to go. Mr. Hou said: "The general has the right to dispose of it organically when he is fighting outside, and some orders of the monarch can be rejected for the benefit of the country. Even if the two happen to coincide with each other over there, the verification is true, but Jinbi still doesn't give the childe the relieving but asks Wang Wei, and that will be dangerous. My friend Zhu Hai, the butcher, can go with you. This man is a Hercules. It would be great if Jinbi listened; If he doesn't listen, you can let Zhu Hai kill him. " Hearing these words, my son cried. Seeing this, Mr. Hou asked, "Are you afraid of death? Why are you crying? " Confucius said, "Jinbi is a veteran of Wei, brave and good at fighting. I was afraid that I would go to him and he would not obey orders, so he cried sadly. Where is the fear of death? " So the son went to find Zhu Hai. Zhu Hai said with a smile, "I'm just a butcher who kills things in the market, but my son has come to see me many times. The reason why I don't pay you a return visit is because I think the small gift part is useless. " Now that my son has an accident, I should kill myself for my son. "My son and I hit the road together. My son went to say goodbye to Mr. Hou. Mr. Hou said, "I should have gone with you, but I am too old to go." "Please allow me to calculate the date of your trip. On the day you arrived at the Jinbi Military Department, when I died, my neck was closed to the north to show my loyalty to your son. " So the son went on his way.

When he arrived in Yecheng, his son took out the military code and wrongly conveyed Wang Wei's order to replace Jin Bi as the general. Jinbi combined with military symbols, which was proved to be correct, but he still doubted it. He raised his hand, stared at his son and said, "Now I command a hundred thousand troops and station at the border. This is an important task related to the fate of the country. You are the only one to replace me today. What is this? " I was about to refuse to take orders. At this time, Zhu Hai took out 40 Jin of iron vertebrae hidden in his sleeve, and one vertebra killed Jinbi, so his son commanded Jinbi's army. Then he reorganized his military capacity and ordered the army: "If both father and son are in the army, the father will go home; If the two brothers are in the army, the eldest brother will go home; The only son who has no brothers goes home to support the elderly. " After rectification and selection, 80,000 elite soldiers were obtained. Open colophon front line attack Qin Jun, escorting, handan saved, zhao saved. The prince of Zhao and Ping Yuanjun came to the suburbs to meet the childe. Ping Yuanjun leads the way for the son who walks in front with a bag full of arrows. Wang Zhao thanked him twice in a row and said, "Since ancient times, no sage can catch up with childe." At this time, Ping Yuanjun dare not compare himself with others. After his son said goodbye to Mr. Hou, the day he arrived at Yecheng Military Camp, Mr. Hou really died facing north.

Wang Wei's angry son stole his military law and falsely spread your orders to kill Jinbi, and this son knows it well. So he repelled and rescued Zhao, and ordered his troops to return to Wei, and the son stayed in Zhao with all the guests. King Xiao Zhao thanked the son for seizing the resplendent military power under your command, thus safeguarding the just behavior of Zhao State. Negotiate with Ping Yuanjun to raise five cities for the son. After hearing the news, my son became arrogant and looked smug. One of the doormen advised his son, "Some things can't be forgotten, and some things can't be forgotten. Others are kind to childe, childe can't forget; Childe is very kind to others, I hope you can forget. In addition, under the pretext of Wang Wei's orders, he seized the relieving power and saved Zhao, which was Zhao's credit, but not a loyal minister to Wei. Therefore, the son thinks that he is meritorious and thinks that he is great. I privately think that my son really shouldn't. " After hearing this, my son immediately blamed himself, as if he were ashamed. Zhao held a grand welcoming banquet. King Zhao cleaned the steps of the palace, personally greeted the distinguished guests at the door, and performed the host's etiquette to lead his son into the west steps of the palace. Childe sideways, again and again refused to humility, take the initiative from the east order. At the party, my son said he was guilty. I am sorry for Wei, and I have no credit for Zhao. Zhao Wang accompanied his son to drink until the evening, and he was always embarrassed to talk about the dedication of the five cities, because his son had always been humble and blamed himself. Childe finally stayed in Zhao. Zhao Wang dedicated the city of Iraq (luxury and consumption) to the son, and Wang Wei also returned the city of Xinling to the son. Childe still stays in Zhao.

Childe heard that Zhao has two talents who are not in politics. One is Mao Gong hiding in a gambler, and the other is Gong Xue hiding in a hotel. Childe wanted to meet these two men, but they hid and refused to see Childe. When the son knew their hiding address, he quietly went to associate with these two people. Both of them took pleasure in getting to know each other and were very happy. When Ping Yuanjun knew this situation, he said to his wife, "At first, I heard that his wife's younger brother, Wei Gongzi, was a great saint unparalleled in the world. Now I hear he's fooling around with gamblers and hotel guys. The son is just an ignorant person. " Ping Yuanjun's wife told her son these words. After hearing this, the son said goodbye to his wife and was ready to leave here, saying, "I heard about the virtue before, so I saved Wang Wei from Zhao, which met the requirements." I know now that Ping Yuanjun's association with people is just a bold move to show off his wealth. He is not looking for talented people. I often heard that these two people are very talented when I was in Daliang. When I arrived in Zhao, I was afraid I wouldn't be able to meet them. Treat me like a person and associate with them. I'm afraid they won't want me. Now Ping Yuanjun actually regards it as a shame to associate with them, and Ping Yuanjun is not worth making friends. " So I packed my bags and prepared to leave. The lady told all the words to Ping Yuanjun, the son. Ping Yuanjun felt ashamed when she heard this, so she took off her hat and apologized to him, and resolutely kept him. When the guests in Ping Yuanjun heard the news, half of them left Ping Yuanjun to join the son, and all the scholars in the world joined the son and joined his door. Childe's behavior made Ping Yuanjun's guests admire him, and they all came to the door of Childe.

Childe stayed in Zhao for ten years and never returned to Wei. When Qin heard that the son lived in Zhao, he sent troops to attack Wei day and night. Wang Wei was in a hurry and sent an emissary to ask the son to return to China. Worried that Wang Wei would be angry with himself, the son warned the guests: "Whoever dares to inform Wang Wei's envoy will be executed." All the guests turned their backs on Wei and voted for Zhao, and no one dared to persuade Zi to return to Wei. At this time, Mao Gong and Gong Xue went to see their son and said, "My son is highly respected in Zhao, and he became a vassal because of the existence of Wei. Now the state of Qin is attacking the state of Wei, and the state of Wei is in danger, leaving his son alone. If Qin breaks through the girder and razes the ancestral temple of your ancestors to the ground, what face does that son have to live in the world? " Words haven't say that finish, childe's face changed immediately, charged the coachman to drive back to save wei.

When Wang Wei saw the son, both of them couldn't help crying. Wang Wei gave general print to the son, and the son officially took up the post of commander-in-chief of the army.

In the thirtieth year of Wei Anli (247 BC), his son sent envoys to inform the vassal states and appointed him as a general. When the princes learned that their son had become a general in the world, they all sent troops to save Wei. Childe led the troops of five vassal states to defeat Qin Jun in the south of the Yellow River, which made Meng Ao, the general of Qin State, escape. Then they chased them to Hangu Pass and locked Qin Jun in Hangu Pass, so they wouldn't dare to pass again. At that time, the reputation of the son shook the world, and the guests of various vassal States presented the art of war. The son put them together and signed his name, so it was called Wei's Art of War.

The King of Qin was worried that Childe would further threaten the State of Qin, so he bribed the State of Wei with 10,000 Jin of gold, found the original public servants, and told them to slander Wang Wei, saying, "Childe has been in exile for ten years, and now he is the general of the State of Wei, and the generals of the vassal States are under his command. The vassals only knew that Wei had a son, but they didn't know that there was a Wang Wei. Childe also wants to take this opportunity to decide to become king. The princes are afraid of the power of the son and are planning to volunteer and make him king. " The state of Qin has repeatedly been treacherous, using Wei spies in the state of Qin, pretending not to know, asking them to congratulate the son and ask if they have already done Wang Wei. Every day, Wang Wei heard these slanderers from the son, but he couldn't help but believe them. Later, he sent someone to replace the son as a general. The son himself knows that this is another time he was deposed for slander, so he excused himself from going to court on the pretext of illness. He eats and drinks with his guests at home all night, drinks hard liquor and often goes out with women. In this way, he spent four years having fun day and night, and finally died of drinking too much. This year, King Wei Anli also passed away.

When the King of Qin got the news that his son had died, he sent Meng Ao to attack Wei, occupied 20 cities and began to establish the East County. From then on, Qin gradually invaded the territory of Wei like mulberry leaves. Eighteen years later, it captured Wei Wangjia, slaughtered soldiers and civilians and destroyed the capital.

When Emperor Gaozu was in a humble position, he heard many times that Wei Gongzi was virtuous and talented. When he ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, he often went to sacrifice to his son every time he passed the girder. In the 12th year of Emperor Gaozu (BC 195), he came back from the front, where he defeated the rebel general Qing Bu. When crossing the girder, he arranged for five families to keep the tomb for his son and let them sacrifice to his son every year according to the four seasons.

Tai Shigong said: I visited the so-called Yimen when I passed the ruins of the girder. It turns out that Yimen is the east gate of Dalian Liangcheng. There are indeed hospitable people among many sons in the world, but only the new ones can make friends with those who are hidden in every corner of society. He is not ashamed of making friends with the lower class untouchables, which makes sense. It is true that his reputation far exceeds that of princes. Therefore, every time Gaozu crossed the girder, he ordered the people to sacrifice to him.

Wei Gongzi is unscrupulous. Wang Shaozi and Wei are half-brothers. Qiu ascended the throne and named his son Xinlingjun. At that time, he died because of Wei ①, while Fu encircled the girder, broke Wei Huayang's army ③, and left Mao ④. Wang Wei and his son suffered greatly.

Childe, kind corporal (5), scholar, modest and polite, dare not be arrogant with his wealth. Scholars fought for thousands of miles to return here, and as a result, diners were 3 thousand. At that time, the princes were virtuous and invited more guests. For more than ten years, they dared not add troops to seek Wei.

① Death of Wei: Escape from Wei. ② Resentment against Qiwei: Resentment against Wei Xiang Wei Qi. Wei Qi almost killed Fan Ju. This sentence means defeating Wei's army in Huayang. Liang Yu rope "Historical Records": (Fan) Sui Xiang in forty-two years (265 years ago), sharpening the knife to break Wei Huayang in thirty-two or forty-two years (275 years ago and 273 years ago). Hou was there at that time, so it can be said that he was resentful of the right. "No. "What you said is true. (4) take the awn hair: make the awn hair flee after defeat. Go ahead and beat them. ⑤ Corporal Benevolent: Be kind to the wise and be humble to others. Next, lower your status and associate with others. ⑥ None: No matter. Corruption: no talent. ⑦ Diners: refers to people who take refuge in the strong ethnic groups and serve them with food and clothing.

Childe and Wei (1), while the northern territory spread fire (2), saying that "Zhao Kou arrived and entered the boundary (3)". Wang Wei released Bo (4) and wanted to ask the minister for advice. The son stopped the king and said, "Zhao Wang hunted ears, not kou." Resume the blog as before. The king is afraid, and his heart is not in Bo. When I lived in the Qing Dynasty, there was a rumor in the north that "Zhao Wang didn't hunt bandits." Wang Wei was frightened and said, "How do you know?" The son said, "Some of my guests have won the favor of Wang Zhao. I know what Wang Zhao did." Wang Wei was afraid of the talent of his son, so he didn't dare to let him take charge of state affairs.

1 Bo: Playing chess. Bo is an ancient chess game. ② Raise the signal lamp: give an alarm. When the ancient garrison encountered an emergency, it raised the starting gun on the viaduct to show the alarm, which was called "raising a bonfire". Lighthouse bonfire. (3) and: yes, yes. 4 release: put it down. 5 yin things: secret things.

Wei You, a hermit named Hou Ying, is 70 years old and comes from a poor family. He is the supervisor of Daliang Yimen. When my son heard about it, he wanted to, wanted to stay. He refused to accept, saying, "I have been dead for ten years, and I will not be trapped by the prison door, so I will accept my son's money." His son is a guest at the wine purchasing conference. Sit down, childe from the car ride ⑤, virtual left ⑤, meet Yimen Housheng ⑦. Hou Sheng took a picture of our clothes and uploaded it directly to the son to sit on the pet-name ruby. I wouldn't let him, so I wanted to see the son. The more respectful, the more respectful. Hou sheng also called his son and said, "I have guests in the market?" Are you willing to waste your car to ride? . "Zi led the car into the market, and Hou Sheng met Zhu Hai, making him stay for a long time [13]. In his Hakka, he observed his son [14]. The more harmonious the color of childe is. At this time, Wei Xiang's imperial clan was full of guests, waiting for his son to pour wine [15]. Everyone in the city is concerned about his son's death penalty. Scold Hou Sheng for riding himself [16]. Hou Sheng thanked the passerby and got on the bus [17]. When I got home, my son led Hou Sheng to sit down and praised the guests [18], and the guests were very surprised. After drinking wine, Zi Sheng, this is for Hou Hou's life. Hou Sheng said: "It is enough to win as a son today [19]. It's not appropriate or too much to win [2 1] but your son loves cycling, and you won in the crowd. Today, my son passed [22]. However, I want to win my son's name, so I rode in the city for a long time. When I saw my son, the more respectful he was. People in the city regard winning as a villain, while treating their sons as elders can be a gentleman. " So he stopped drinking and became a guest.

Hou Sheng said to his son, "I have visited Zhu Hai, the butcher. The sage of this son is not known to the world, so I hide my ears." Childe to please [23], Zhu Hai no longer thank [24], childe blame it.

Yimen: the name of the east gate of Daliang City. Watchman: One who guards a city gate. 2 please: visit. 3 Legacy: Pay, pay. 4: Pass the "repair". He: preach "clean". ⑤ From: make follow, with. ⑥ Virtual left: Vacant the seat on the left. In ancient times, the position on the left was a position of respect. ⑦ Hou Sheng: namely Hou Ying. Health, provincial name "sir". Figure 8: Finishing. Ours: shabby. Pet-name ruby ride. Attending: hold the reins of the driving horse. ? Slaughterhouse: refers to the place where livestock are slaughtered. ? Waste: grievance. F: Visit, visit. [13] Bini: Like "above me", his eyes are tilted, implying arrogance. So: intentional. [14] Micro: secretly. [15] Raising wine refers to raising wine for a banquet. [16] Slave riding: refers to followers. X: Goodbye. [18] Compliment guests: Hou Sheng is generally introduced to the guests in a complimentary tone. "Suoyin": "Praise, sue. It is said that Hou Sheng will tell guests from all over the world. " Zhang Yantian's Historical Records of Justice records "justice" and quotes Liu: "Say that people are beautiful and praise people. Like it, make up its beauty and talk about it. " Another solution is to put the guests before the students. [19] in favor: difficult and embarrassing. [20] Hugger: A person who hugs a door and plugs it in. Yes: I visited my friend. Refers to visiting Zhu Hai. Another solution has an excessive expression. [22] So: Yes, actually. Another solution is "solid", which is true. [23] Number: Many times, many times. [24] Acknowledgement: Acknowledgement.

In the twentieth year of Wei Anli (1), King Zhao of Qin had defeated Zhao Changping's army (2) and invaded Handan. Childe's sister is Mrs. Ping Yuanjun, Zhao Huiwen's younger brother, who has left Wang Wei and Childe's book. Please save her from Wei. Wang Wei asked the general to take hundreds of people to save Zhao. The messenger of the king of Qin told Wang Wei, "I attacked Zhao Dan at dusk, but the princes dared to save him, and Zhao had been painted, so they had to attack him first." Wang Wei's fear stopped him, left the army to block his powers, called for Zhao's rescue, and held both ends to wait and see. The crown of the emissary belongs to Wei ⑥, and asked Wei Gongzi to say ⑥: "The winner is attached to the married person ⑧, and with the noble righteousness of the childe, it can help the people. Today, Handan will return to Qin at dusk, and Wei can't save it. It's in the hands of childe! Besides, my son defeated Pet-name ruby, abandoned it and surrendered to Qin, but he did not pity his son and sister. " Childe, please call Wang Weihe the guest debater Wang Wanduan attending. Wang Wei is afraid of Qin, but he won't listen to childe. Childe spent time and couldn't get it from the king? Isn't the plan with Wu Zhao's only son? , is to invite guests, ride more than 100 times [13], to be a guest, Zhao is afraid of death.

① Twenty years of King Wei Anli: the first 257 years. (2) Defeating Zhao Changping Army: It refers to that in the first 260 years, General Qin besieged Zhao Army in Changping, shot and wounded Zhao General Zhao Kuo, surrendered 400,000 Zhao soldiers, and all of them were trapped and died. ③: Zhao Sheng, son of Zhao. 4 walls: camp and station. ⑤ Pull at both ends: adopt the strategy of vacillating and falling at both sides. ⑥ Crown and cover belong to each other: describe the constant arrival of envoys. Crown caps, ancient officials' crowns and the awnings of their cars; Genus: continuous. 7 let: blame. Self-attachment: voluntary support. Pet-name ruby even if. Attending said: advise, advise. Wanduan: Various aspects and methods. ? Degree (duó, occupy): guess, estimate. ? Count: Make up your mind.