Photographic construction technology to make photos better

Lead: For beginners of photography, besides being familiar with the functions of photographic parameters such as aperture, shutter and ISO, composition is also necessary. Good composition can make your photos better, and wrong composition will make your photos uncomfortable. Today, we will introduce how to compose a composition to make beginners look better.

Jiugongge composition is the most common.

Jiugongge composition method should be the most common and basic composition method. This composition method divides the left, right, upper and lower sides of the picture into three equal parts, and then connects the points on the opposite sides with straight lines, thus forming a Chinese character? Hmm? , the picture is divided into nine grids. Don't put the main body in the middle of the composition, but at the four intersections of the well shape.

At present, most digital cameras and even mobile phones have built-in nine auxiliary composition lines. When entering cameras and mobile phones, you can generally call this mode in the screen options, which is more conducive to composition. Jiugongge composition is suitable for all kinds of shooting themes, and the most commonly used shooting themes are scenery, people and so on.

Using the nine-grid composition method in landscape shooting can not only put the subject in the most suitable position, but also help to determine the proportion of the sky and the ground. Generally speaking, one of the sky and the ground accounts for about one third, and the other accounts for about two thirds. If it is not a special scene, it is not recommended to divide the sky and the ground equally. In addition, opening the auxiliary composition line of Jiugongge has another advantage, that is, it can confirm the straightness of lines such as buildings and horizons, and avoid composition tilt.

Guide line convergence focus

Guiding line composition method is to guide the viewer's eyes with lines in the picture, so that his eyes will finally converge on the focus of the picture. Of course, the guide line is not necessarily a specific line. As long as it is directional and continuous, we can call it a guiding line. In real life, roads, rivers, neatly arranged trees, colors, shadows and even people's eyes can be used as guiding lines.

The above works were shot in Yunnan the year before last. As a guide line, the wooden covered bridge in the picture can lead the viewer's eyes to the distant mountains in the picture.

Guiding line composition

In addition, the guide line composition can also make the photo have a good sense of depth, make the front and back scenes in the photo echo, make the picture have a strong three-dimensional sense, and can divide the structural level and layout of the photo to make the structure of the photo more distinct. In actual shooting, we can first determine the guide line, and then consider how to compose the picture and how to guide the viewer's line of sight into the focus.

Slant lines make photos more vivid.

Diagonal composition is literally easy to understand, that is, the position of the subject in the photo is as close as possible to the corresponding two corners. Compared with the horizontal and vertical composition method, diagonal composition is more lively and vivid, and it can also make the viewing angle wider.

Diagonal composition method can not only shoot buildings and landscapes, but also be widely used in portrait shooting. Diagonal composition can make the picture fuller and more vivid and interesting when shooting moving figures.

Find the frame lock.

Frame composition can well filter out unnecessary elements and guide the audience's eyes to the theme you want to express. Using things in the foreground to frame the subject that needs to be highlighted can make the theme of the photo more prominent. Frame composition makes the subject and background in the photo combine well and make them more interactive.

Real doors and windows are also good subjects for frame composition.

This photo has both a guide line composition and a frame composition.

When using framing composition, we need to pay attention to the proportion between the subject and the picture, and remember that the existence of the picture serves the subject, and we should not pretend to be the master. In fact, the principle of frame composition is the same as that of guide line composition, that is, the lines and frames in the picture are used to guide the audience's line of sight to the main body of the photo.

In actual shooting, gaps between leaves, doors left unlocked, window frames, and gaps between rocks can all be used as view frames.

A model of framing and composition (picture from the Internet)

The above picture should be a classic of framed composition, which was shot by French photographers marc riboud and 1965 in Beijing Liulichang. Photographers skillfully use the window frames of houses to divide people on the street into different categories, which are independent and interrelated to serve the theme.

Triangular composition shooting architecture

Triangular composition is also a very common photographic composition method. Its concept is that three visual centers are the main positions of the scene, and three points are connected to form a regular triangle, an oblique triangle or an inverted triangle. When shooting classical symmetrical buildings such as the Temple of Heaven and the Forbidden City, regular triangle layout is adopted. Oblique triangles and inverted triangles present dynamic effects and are suitable for shooting portraits, sports and other subjects.

The Temple of Heaven is more suitable for regular triangle composition.

When using triangle composition, we should pay attention to the selection of three points, don't pretend to be the master, and distinguish between primary and secondary relations. The regular triangle composition is more suitable for shooting stable subjects such as buildings and group photos. Inverted triangle and oblique triangle can make photos more vivid and vivid, and are very good choices when shooting people and sports themes.

Subject and background echo each other.

A common mistake made by beginners in photography is to pay too much attention to the subject and not to the matching background or foil. In fact, good photos need to echo the scenery before and after, giving people a sense of patchwork, and properly setting aside the background can also make the subject more prominent. And photos with foreground and background will have a good sense of space and depth of field.

The intersection of the front and back scenery echoes.

The foreground blur highlights the subject behind the photo.

The garden is dotted with the foreground of Mount Fuji.

When taking photos with the scene echoing before and after, we must try our best to simplify the photo elements according to the subject and try our best to eliminate unnecessary elements. Shooting with a large aperture lens can better highlight the subject and blur the background.

Photography is a game of subtraction.

I remember a senior photographer said that photography is the art of subtraction and painting is the art of addition. Painting is adding various elements to a blank sheet of paper, while photography is just the opposite. We need to remove the elements that are not helpful or meaningful to the theme, and a good photo is born in constant subtraction.

Only the subject of photography is highlighted.

Only the subject of photography is highlighted.

When you choose the subject, you should think about which elements in the picture are helpful to the expression of the subject, and those are unnecessary. Use as few elements as possible to express the theme. The less irrelevant elements in the picture, the more prominent the visual focus of the subject will be.

Shoot from different angles

Don't always create at the height of the human eye, try to lower or raise the line of sight, and shoot things from different angles, which can get unexpected results.

Shoot from a very low angle.

Nowadays, many cameras have flip screens, and SLR cameras are also equipped with simple and easy-to-use real-time viewing function, which provides great convenience for us to take pictures from unconventional angles. For example, the photo of the flower above, the author almost put the camera on the ground and took it from below with the flip screen of the camera. This angle of view is not common compared with most flower shooting.

A deer photographed from a very low angle.

The photo of the deer above was taken when I was traveling in Japan. At that time, I used a Nikon SLR camera D5300 with a flip screen. With the live view function, I put my camera on the ground and photographed a deer lying on the dam.

A photograph taken at a very low angle.

If you lower or raise the viewing angle, you will find that the faces of many things have changed, and the photos taken are very different from those from the normal viewing angle. When shooting still life, flowers and other subjects, lowering the angle can better express the texture and material of things. When shooting buildings and figures, proper use of overhead photography can reflect the grandeur of buildings and the straightness of figures.

Summary:

Jiugongge is the most commonly used composition method and one of the golden rules in photography. Beginners have mastered this method, and the structure of photos can be more harmonious and natural. Guiding line composition can highlight the central idea and key points of photos and make the focus of photos more prominent. Diagonal composition is vivid, which is applicable to both figures and buildings.

Frame composition is also a classic composition method, which uses the elements in the photo to form a frame to make the focus of the photo more prominent. Triangular composition is more suitable for taking symmetrical buildings, and can also be used when many people take pictures. In a photo, the subject needs a background to be less abrupt, and a good background blur can make the subject clearer. Painting is the art of addition, and photography is the art of subtraction. Remove the unnecessary elements from the photo, and the rest is the essence. Try to take pictures from an unconventional perspective, and you can get unexpected results.