What are the basic principles of composition for taking pictures?

First, the basic principles of composition are: balance and symmetry, contrast and viewpoint.

1, on balance and symmetry:

(1) Balance and symmetry are the basis of composition, and their main functions are to stabilize the picture. Balance and symmetry are not a concept, but they have internal identity-stability. The sense of stability is a visual habit and aesthetic concept formed by human beings in their long-term observation of nature.

(2) Symmetry has a strong sense of stability. Symmetry can make the picture feel solemn, solemn and harmonious. For example, ancient Chinese architecture is a model of symmetry, but relative to symmetry and balance, the change of balance is far greater than symmetry. Therefore, although symmetry is an important principle of composition, there are fewer opportunities for practical application, and you will feel the same way if you use it more.

2. About comparison:

(1) Clever contrast can not only enhance the artistic appeal, but also vividly embody and sublimate the theme. Contrast composition is to highlight the theme and strengthen the theme. Contrast is varied and ever-changing, but they are the same.

(2) In a work, a single contrast can be used, or multiple contrasts can be used at the same time. Contrast method is relatively easy to master, but we should pay attention not to copy mechanically, far-fetched, and not to pretend to be the master.

3. About opinions:

(1) viewpoint composition is to attract the audience's attention to the center of the picture. Viewpoint is the name of perspective, also called vanishing point. To make a clear point, we have to start from three lines: the apparent horizon, the horizon and the horizontal line. The visual horizon is a line parallel to the eyes. We stand anywhere and look into the distance. There is a clear line where heaven and earth meet or where water and sky meet. This line is just parallel to the eyes. This is the obvious horizon.

(2) There can only be one viewpoint on the picture, which is the most fundamental difference between photography and painting in composition. Painting is about scattered perspective, and photography can only be a little bit, otherwise the composition and picture of photography will be very chaotic. ?

Second, the particularity of photographic composition is not completed at one time, but in two steps; One is to shoot from an angle, and the other is to cut photos. This special photographic composition is caused by the limitations of the camera. Although there are many kinds of cameras, there are only two ways of composition, one is rectangular and the other is square.

Thirdly, some triangle compositions take three visual centers as the main position of the scene, and sometimes three-point geometry is used to arrange the scene to form a stable triangle. This triangle can be a regular triangle, an oblique triangle or an inverted triangle, in which the oblique triangle is more commonly used and flexible. Triangular composition is stable, balanced but flexible.

Extended data:

1. Photography originated from painting, and the early composition rules were transplanted from the aesthetic requirements of traditional painting. Today, photography has developed into a more complex form of communication and art, and the theme and content of images are far more diverse than traditional painting. Therefore, according to different themes and different applications, images have formulated their own composition methods and requirements.

2. In fact, there is no absolute rule in photographic composition. According to different themes, different applications and even different styles of photographers, there are different composition methods. A good composition is more influential than a poor composition and can create a strong impression. Therefore, the ultimate goal of photography is to increase the thematic effect of photos.

3. Composition shows the consistency of the internal structure and external structure of the work, reflects the unity of the author's thoughts, feelings and artistic expressions, is the direct embodiment of the artist's personality strength and artistic level, and is often where the ideological beauty and formal beauty of the works of art lie. Therefore, composition ability plays an important role in composition analysis of artistic creation and appreciation.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-composition