Chongqing's major events in recent years

Battle of Bachu

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period and the Battle of Bachu, Ba people mainly lived in eastern Sichuan, western Hubei and Hanzhong, Shaanxi, east to Yufu, west to Daoism, north to Hanzhong, south to Qianfu, and adjacent to Chu, Shu and Qin. With the strength of Pakistan, Bachu became hostile and was attacked many times. In 689 BC, Ba and Chu fought fiercely in that place (now southeast of Jingmen County, Hubei Province). The two sides were deadlocked for several months and the Palestinians lost. The war in Bachu was intermittent, almost running through the history of Bachu. Bashouguan, Yangguan and Mianguan resisted Chu. However, under the strong offensive of Chu, Pakistan lost all three customs and lost ground. Finally, Chu occupied the capital city of Zhi (now Fuling), and the Pakistanis had to retreat to Langzhong. ?

Zhangjiang zhoucheng

Qin Huiwen and Wang Jiunian (former 3 16), Zhang Yijian Jiangzhou City. After Zhang Yi entered Shu and destroyed Pakistan, he stationed troops in Jiangzhou and built Jiangzhou City. The city site is located at the intersection of the Yangtze River and Jialing River in Yuzhong District. It is the beginning of Chongqing's urban construction. Jiangzhou City in Han Dynasty extended to the north bank of Jialing River and was called Beifu City. The exact location and scale of Jiangzhou City and Beifu City need to be verified. ?

Li Yan expanded Jiangzhou City.

In 226, Li Yan extended Jiangzhou City to Jianxing, Liu Chan for four years, and moved to Jiangzhou to expand Jiangzhou City. After the expansion, Jiangzhou is adjacent to the Yangtze River in the south, to the present school field in the north and to Daliangzi in the west, with a circumference of about 16 Li. Li Yan also plans to cut through the back mountain (now E Ling) to collect the water from the Yangtze River and Jialing River, so that Jiangzhou will become a continent in the middle of the river with the river as the pool and the cliff as the wall. After the completion of this city, Ba County moved here and Beifu City was abandoned. ?

Pengdaya Tuoxiu Chongqing Municipality

Peng Daya extends to Chongqing. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Mongols attacked Chengdu, Song Jun retreated to Chongqing, and Peng Daya became the magistrate of Chongqing. In order to meet the needs of defense, Peng Daya made every effort to expand and repair Chongqing, extending north to Jialing River and west to Linjiangmen and Tongyuanmen front lines. The scope is roughly twice that of Jiangzhou City expanded by Li Yan, which laid the general pattern of Chongqing ancient city from then to Ming and Qing Dynasties. ?

Battle of Fishing City

In the sixth year of the Southern Song Dynasty (1258), Mongolia launched a large-scale war to destroy the Song Dynasty. In April, Mongolian Khan led the Mongolian army to invade Shu in three ways, and Mongolia personally led the Mongolian army of 40 thousand, from Longzhou (now Longxian County, Shaanxi Province) to Dasanguan and Hanzhong; In October, Zili Prefecture crossed Jialing River and attacked Kuzhuguan (now north of Jiange County, Sichuan Province, Qin Long area) and other walled cities. Within a few months, the Mongolian army captured the cities of Dragon, Sword, Lang, Peng, Ba, Da, Guo, Qu, Changning and Da 'an (Liang). Together with the counties in northern Sichuan and western Sichuan originally occupied by the Mongolian army, about two-thirds of the land in and outside Sichuan has been owned by the Mongolian army. Only dozens of states below the Yangtze River in Chongqing have not joined. Wang Jian, commander of Hezhou Fishing City, further strengthened the defense of the fishing city on the basis of the establishment of the fishing city by Erran (Ran and Ran Pu), making the fishing city a military town with sufficient troops and food. Meng Ke sent Pu, a general of the Southern Song Dynasty, to Fishing City to surrender, but Wang Jian refused. The special envoy was executed in the martial arts field in the city, which clearly expressed the determination of Hezhou soldiers and civilians to resolutely fight against Mongolia. In the first month of Kai Qing Yuan Year (1259), Mongo decided to capture the fishing city, and first cut off the contact between the fishing city and the outside world. From the beginning of February to the end of March, Mongo visited the front line and commanded the main force of Mong Army to attack Fishing City, which was repelled by Song Jun. Mong Army had to surround the city in an attempt to force guarding city Song Jun to surrender. However, under the command of Wang Jian, the soldiers and civilians of Fishing City stubbornly resisted the constant attack of the Mongolian army. In April, there were 20 consecutive days of thunderstorms, and the siege was suspended. In the later period, the Mongolian army once invaded the outer city, but it was finally repelled by Song Jun. In May, under the command of Wang Jian, the soldiers and civilians in Fishing City took risks and persisted, and their morale was high. From time to time, they used Kaesong at night to harass the Mongolian army, so that the Mongolian army did not dare to cross the border. In late May, Lv Wende, the new Sichuan deputy envoy of the Song Dynasty, led his shipmaster upstream, broke through the pontoon bridge of Fucheng Shilin by the downwind, broke through the blockade of the Mongolian army in Jiajiang camp for dozens of miles, and entered Chongqing. Later, he led the fleet northward along the Jialing River to help the fishing city. Lv Wende's reinforcements were blocked in the south of the city, but it greatly improved the morale of the soldiers and civilians in Fishing City. In the case that foreign aid was cut off for a long time, the soldiers and civilians of Fishing City withstood the repeated attacks of Mongo who personally supervised the war. On June 5th, General Meng led the commandos to attack the outer city of Fishing City at night, and Wang Jian and Zhang Jue led a fierce battle until dawn. Wang Dechen shouted surrender, and Wang Jian ordered the cannon stone to fight back and destroy the siege ladder of the Mongolian army. Then the Mongolian army was blocked by artillery stones and could not move forward. Wang Dechen was also injured by a stone. Wang Jian led the soldiers and civilians out of the city to pursue. The Mongols were defeated in the heavy rain, and Wang Dechen returned to the camp and died of injury soon. Mongo lost his troops one after another, frustrated, and still stormed. At the beginning of July, he went to the fishing city to supervise the war and was injured by the gun wind. At this point, the Mongolian side admitted the failure of the Hezhou campaign and eventually died of injury. The victory of the battle of Fishing City reversed the war situation to a certain extent and delayed the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty. ?

The establishment of Daxia country

Ming Yuzhen (133 1 ~ 1366) was born in Suizhou, Hunan Province (now Suizhou City, Hubei Province) because he believed in Zoroastrianism. Always ambitious and good at riding and shooting. In his hometown, he recruited more than 1000 rural soldiers, built a village to protect himself, and was elected as the village head by everyone. In the 11th year of Yuan Dynasty (135 1), Xu Shouhui and the Red Scarf Army occupied (now Xishui County, Hubei Province) and Huangzhou (now Huanggang City, Hubei Province). In October, Xu proclaimed himself emperor, named Song, and built it. The following year, Xu Shouhui sent someone to invite Ming to join the Red Scarf Army, and awarded the field marshal Lu, who was attached to Ni Wenjun's department. In the 15th year of Zheng Zheng (1355), Ni Wenjun captured Mianyang and ordered Yu Zhen to defend Mianyang. Ming Yuzhen learned that the Yuan Dynasty guarding Chongqing was full of contradictions, and Chongqing was not rich in strong soldiers, so he decided to lead the army westward. In the seventeenth year of Zheng Zheng (1357), Ming Yuzhen was ordered to go west and captured Chongqing in April. The elders in Chongqing lined the streets to welcome the rebels into the city, and nearby counties and counties also surrendered to the rebels. Subsequently, Ming Yuzhen sent troops to southern Sichuan and successively captured Luzhou (now Luzhou, Sichuan), Sunan (now Yibin, Sichuan) and other places, initially consolidating the southeastern Sichuan region centered on Chongqing. Just as Ming Yuzhen marched into Sichuan, the Red Scarf Army in the west split. Chen Youliang killed Ni Wenjun and Xu Shouhui, calling himself Hanwang, and demanded that Ming Yuzhen withdraw from Sichuan. On the one hand, Ming Yu-Zhen strengthened the Three Gorges defense and cut off contact with Chen Youliang; On the other hand, it wiped out the Yuan army in Sichuan and established the rule over most parts of Sichuan. In July of the 21st year (136 1), Ming was called the Dragon Tree King in Chongqing, and Song was still the national title. In the 23rd year of Zheng Zheng (1363), in the first month, he proclaimed himself emperor in Chongqing, changed his title to "Xia", made his capital in Chongqing, and the Daxia regime was formally established. Nine years later, the fourth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (137 1) was destroyed by Zhu Yuanzhang. ?

Zhang captured Chongqing.

Zhang occupied Chongqing Ming Chongzhen for seventeen years (1644), and Zhang, commander-in-chief of the Great Western Expedition Army, led the army into Sichuan for the third time. Kuimen was broken in the first month and Wanxian was attacked in February. Later, due to the rise of the Yangtze River, he stationed troops in Huluba, Zhongzhou. In May, the so-called 400,000 troops returned to Jiangxi from Zhongzhou, with infantry on the left bank, cavalry on the right bank and water army on the river for 40 miles. Fuzhou was captured at the beginning of June and Chongqing was captured on the 22nd. ?

Chongqing established college

In the first year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1008), Chongqing established an academy. Feng Zhong, the magistrate of Jiangjin County, founded the first academy in Chongqing-Wuju Academy. From the Southern Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, there were many official schools, state schools and county schools, and the academies also developed to some extent. In the Qing Dynasty, official schools declined and academies developed rapidly. At that time, Dongchuan Academy, Zishui Academy, Yujun Academy, Bijiang Academy, Bachuan Academy and Jukui Academy were famous. ?

Chongqing Jianli club

Chongqing establishes a guild hall Chongqing is a distribution center for import and export goods in southwest China. After the Qing Dynasty, more and more merchants from all provinces gathered and established their own guild halls in Chongqing. From the Qianlong period to the 17th year of Guangxu (189 1), there were eight halls in Chongqing, namely Nanhua Palace (Guangdong), Liesheng Palace (Zhejiang), Tianshang Palace (Fujian), Yugong Palace (Huguang), Wanshou Palace (Jiangxi), Jiangnan Pavilion (Jiangnan) and Sanyuan Temple (Shaanxi In the 18th year of Guangxu (1892), Yunnan-Guizhou merchants also set up a "Yunnan-Guizhou office" with the nature of a guild hall. Each guild hall has a first person to preside over the library affairs. Its duty is to safeguard the rights and interests of businessmen in this province and participate in various local activities. ?

Chongqing opens its port.

In the 16th year of Guangxu reign (1890), on March 3rd1day, Chongqing opened its port, and China and Britain signed the Special Clause on Extension of Yantai Treaty, and Chongqing became a commercial port. On March 1 the following year, Chongqing Customs was established, and Englishman Hobson became the tax department of Chongqing Customs, holding the power of customs administration and tariff collection, and was also in charge of port affairs. Countries have set up consulates in Chongqing, opened up concessions and established "a country within a country". After the opening of Chongqing, Chuanjiang shipping was gradually controlled by outsiders. With the loss of shipping rights of Chuanjiang River, western powers set up foreign companies in Chongqing, set up factories and mines, dumped goods, plundered raw materials and exported capital, bringing Chongqing and its affected areas into the world capitalist market. ?

The rise of new schools

The rise of new schools/kloc-At the end of 0/9, new schools imitating Europe, America and Japan began to be established in Chongqing. In the 17th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (189 1), American Christian missionaries founded a "private school for excellence". The following year, Daoshou in East Sichuan founded the "Westernization School". After that, in the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), the official Chongqing Middle School was established by Chongqing Magistrate. In the thirty-second year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1906), East Sichuan Normal School and Chongqing School of Public Law and Politics were established one after another. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, various schools in Chongqing had begun to take shape. There are not only university auditoriums, but also a large number of primary and secondary schools, as well as industrial schools, kindergartens and half-day schools specially set up for poor children. There are more than 200 schools in the city 1. ?

Establish a money house or bank

In the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896), Tongshengfu Bank, the earliest bank in Chongqing, opened, and has been one of the four largest banks in Chongqing ever since. In the 3rd year of the Republic of China (19 14), Juxingcheng Bank, the first private bank founded by Chongqing rich businessman Yang and his clansmen, opened with a rated capital of 6.5438+0.0000 silver dollars. As of 1948, the Bank has 32 branches in China, including 8 branches, 4 sub-branches and 20 offices. ?

The emergence of modern industry

Modern industry appeared in 189 1 year. Sichuan businessman Lu Ganchen and others moved back to Senchangtai Zilai Fire Factory (namely, Match Factory) from Japan, which was the first modern industrial enterprise in Chongqing. Subsequently, a number of modern industrial enterprises appeared, such as steam mechanical silk reeling factory, cotton textile factory, glass factory, machine-made paper factory, instrument company, pharmaceutical factory, power plant, mining development and so on. In particular, the emergence of basic industries such as Duchuan Electric Company and Tianfu Coal Mine in 1907 brought vitality to the development of modern industries in Chongqing. By 1933, there were 4 15 modern industrial and handicraft workshops in the city, making Chongqing the earliest industrial city in western China. ?

Japan opened Wangjiatuo Concession

Shortly after the treaty of shimonoseki was signed, the Japanese took the opportunity to ask the Qing government to set up a concession in Chongqing. After several years of repeated negotiations, in the 27th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (190 1), on August 12th, YamasakiKatura, the Japanese consul in Chongqing, and Taibao, a member of the Qing government, visited eastern Sichuan. NB 148？ In Chongqing, the Agreement on the Special Border between Japan and Merchants in Chongqing was formally signed, and Japan was granted the privilege of opening a concession in Chongqing. There are 22 articles of association, the main contents of which are as follows: China allows the Japanese to set up a special concession in Wangjiatuo, south bank of Chaotianmen; Business people in charge of concession in Japanese consulate; The lease is renewed every 30 years and can be rented continuously indefinitely. After Japan obtained the Wangjiatuo Concession, it quickly turned into a "small Japanese country in the interior of Sichuan", and successively opened Neishi, Osaka Foreign Firm, Xinyousi Factory, Wulin Foreign Firm and Nissin Company, and a large number of Japanese warships and merchant ships moored on the Wangjiatuo River. ?

Chongqing responded to the May 4th Movement.

Chongqing responded to the May 4th Movement. After the May 4th Movement broke out in Beijing in the 8th year of the Republic of China (19 19), a struggle to support Beijing's anti-imperialist patriotic movement was launched in Chongqing, with young students in Chongqing as the main body, and all sectors of society responded quickly. On May 12 of that year, Chongqing National newspaper first reported the news of the May 4th Movement, and all walks of life in Chongqing, led by young students and intellectuals, immediately rose up and responded, and the whole city went on strike, strike, demonstration, declaration and electricity supply. , and successively established the "East Sichuan Student Salvation Group" (later renamed "East Sichuan Student Federation") and the "East Sichuan Women Salvation Association". On June 3rd, more than 2,000 students from 20 primary and secondary schools in the city, organized by students from East Sichuan to save the country, responded to the Beijing students' strike declaration and held a vigil meeting, strongly demanding that Qingdao be returned to me, the national thief be punished, the secret agreement be cancelled, Japanese goods be boycotted, internal disputes be quickly resolved, foreign affairs be unified, and letters were sent to Yin Office of East Sichuan Province and Chongqing Police Department to send electricity to the whole country. Chongqing business and academic circles jointly formed the Chongqing Business Federation, leading the boycott of Japanese goods for three years. ?

33 1 Holocaust

On March 24th, the Republic of China 16 (1927), Nanjing citizens gathered to celebrate the occupation of Nanjing by the Northern Expeditionary Army. On the pretext of protecting overseas Chinese, American and British imperialism mobilized warships to shell Nanjing, killing and injuring more than 2,000 people. When the news reached Chongqing, the local executive committee of the CPC Chongqing decided to launch the "Chongqing Alliance of Workers, Peasants, Soldiers and Scholars Against Britain", and contacted Chongqing industrial, agricultural, commercial, religious and women associations to hold an anti-British demonstration meeting in Gundam on March 3 1 day to protest the atrocities committed by the United States and Britain. On March 29th, Liu Xiang called his main generals and cronies to hold secret talks and planned to suppress them. Teacher Wang Helan, who was in charge of the meeting, also called the participants to make specific arrangements for the massacre plan. On March 3 1 day, the "Chongqing People's Conference Against the British Emperor's Bombing of Nanjing Citizens" was held in Daqianba, attended by more than 20,000 main leaders of the Party Committee and local people from all walks of life. 1 1, at the beginning of the meeting, pre-concealed military and police agents shot from inside and outside the meeting place, or waved knives and sticks for bloody suppression. The venue was full of bloody fragments and bodies. Qi Nanxun, chairman of the presidium of the conference, and Chen Dasan, a leftist general, were killed. The massacre lasted until 2 pm. According to the statistics of the Red Cross corpse collection office, there were 137 people killed on the spot due to shooting, slashing, clubbing, trampling and jumping off the wall, and thousands of people were injured. At the same time, warlords and regiments organized hooligans, destroyed open leftist institutions, organizations and schools, and posted notices all over the city, claiming that the tragedy was caused by the "work-study conflict." On April 1 day, Ran Jun, a member of the prefectural party committee organization who narrowly escaped from danger, was assassinated by the warlord plainclothes team when he went out to work. Yang Gong, secretary of the prefectural party committee, called a meeting after his escape to arrange the aftermath, and appointed Ren He Liao as the leader of the temporary party. On April 4th, Yang Gong was arrested. On the 6th, he was cut off by the enemy, gouged out his eyes and cut off his hand. He was shot three times and died heroically in Futuguan. ?

Chongqing jianshi

Chongqing was established 1927, and Chongqing Commercial Supervision Institute was reorganized into the city hall. 1929 In February, the National Government officially approved the establishment of Chongqing, and the city hall was changed to the municipal government, and Pan Wenhua was the first mayor. During his tenure as supervisor of Chongqing Commodity Inspection Institute and mayor of Chongqing, Pan Wenhua opened the area from Tong Yuan Waimen to Shangqing Temple as a new urban area, doubled the urban area of Chongqing, built three main roads connecting the old and new urban areas, set up a water supply company, built a Daxigou power plant, and recovered the Wangjiatuo Japanese concession. ?

Establish a university

University was founded in 18 (1929). After the Chongqing Municipal Government was formally established, it strengthened its education and founded Chongqing University on 10 that year. Later, he founded the Academy of Fine Arts and Sichuan Rural Construction College. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, a number of famous universities such as Central University, Jiaotong University and Fudan University moved to Chongqing, and a large number of private universities were newly established. At that time, there were as many as 54 universities in Chongqing. At present, colleges and universities in Chongqing are mainly concentrated in Shapingba District and Beibei District. ?

The national government moved its capital to Chongqing.

After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the National Government moved its capital to Chongqing,1October 30th, 1937, 10, and the National Government decided to move its capital to Chongqing. On 3 1 day, the national government telegraphed the frontline soldiers, "The government decided to move the capital to Chongqing and continue the war of resistance in order to win the final victory." 165438+1October 20th, the national government issued a declaration, officially announcing the move to Chongqing, with Chongqing as the wartime capital. 1939 Chongqing was changed into a municipality directly under the central government, 1940 was designated as the "capital", and the urban area was expanded to 164 square kilometers. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, on June1942 65438+1October 2 1 day, the Allied China Theater Command was established in Chongqing, responsible for commanding the allied forces of China, Vietnam, Myanmar, Malaysia and other countries. During the Anti-Japanese War, more than 30 countries, including the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain and France, set up embassies in Chongqing, foreign affairs agencies in more than 40 countries and regions, and established various anti-fascist war international organizations and Chinese and foreign cultural associations. There are 3,000 world celebrities and diplomats from various countries gathered in Chongqing, making Chongqing an important city with international influence. With the relocation of the National Government to Chongqing, 245 factories and a large number of commercial, financial, cultural, educational and scientific research institutions in coastal areas and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River moved to Chongqing. In addition, a large number of industrial and commercial enterprises and science, education, culture and health units needed to be built in wartime made Chongqing a political, military, economic, cultural and information center in the rear area of China. Economic strength increased by a hundredfold, industrial enterprises increased to 1690, and commercial companies and shops increased by 2? There are 67 banks, 24 banks and trust companies with a population of 6.5438+0.2 million. ?

The May 3rd and May 4th bombings.

On May 3rd and 4th, it bombed the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), and on May 3rd and 4th, the Japanese air force raided Chongqing. On May 3rd, 36 Japanese planes invaded Chongqing at 1: 08+07, roared and swooped along the north bank of the Yangtze River, throwing incendiary bombs and bombs at the urban area, and 27 main streets in the urban area were bombed at 19. On May 4th, 27 Japanese planes attacked Chongqing again, bombing Du You Street, Fuerqi, Qixinggang and Xiaoliangzi. In these two explosions, more than 2,000 houses in Chongqing were destroyed and more than 2,000 people were killed or injured. Property losses are incalculable. In this city, 65,438+04 private banks were destroyed by bomb fire, and 65,438+05 silk cloth villages were destroyed in Du You Street alone. ?

Chongqing talks

Chongqing Negotiations1945 On August 15, Japanese imperialism announced its unconditional surrender. The Kuomintang and the Communist Party are faced with a major choice of forming a Coalition government peacefully or a full-scale civil war. 13 days later, at the request of Chiang Kai-shek for three times, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Wang Ruofei, accompanied by Zhang Zhizhong, flew from Yan 'an to Chongqing to negotiate with the Kuomintang. Arrive on August 28th. That night, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Wang Ruofei went to Geleshan Forest Park to attend Chiang Kai-shek's welcome banquet, accompanied by American ambassadors Hurley, Zhang Qun, Shao Lizi, Chen Cheng, Zhang Zhizhong and Jiang Jingguo. Then, Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek held nine direct negotiations for 43 days. During this period, Mao Zedong had extensive contacts with democratic parties and people from all walks of life, and met with Soong Ching Ling, Shen Junru, Zhang Lan and Feng Yuxiang. And hosted a banquet in Guiyuan to entertain representatives of aid organizations from various countries and international friends. Chiang Kai-shek, facing the situation that the people of the whole country demanded peace, mobilized troops to attack the People's Liberation Army in the negotiations and suffered a disastrous defeat. Finally, on June 5438+00 of/kloc-0, he signed the Minutes of Talks between the Government and Representatives of the Communist Party of China (October 10th Agreement), saying that he would end "political training", recognize the equal and legal status of all political parties, release political prisoners, hold political consultation meetings, avoid civil war and build an independent, prosperous and powerful new China. The agreement of 10/0 was not observed, and a full-scale civil war broke out soon. ?

Admission event

In 35 years of the Republic of China (1946) 1, under the pressure of peaceful and democratic forces, the Kuomintang held a political consultation meeting attended by all parties and adopted a series of resolutions conducive to peace and democracy, which ended on 3 1. On February 10, 23 organizations, including "Beijing Federation of Political Consultative Conferences", jointly hosted "People from all walks of life in the capital celebrate the success of CPPCC" in Jiaochangkou Square, with nearly 10,000 participants. The Kuomintang Chongqing Party Department arranged for secret agents and thugs to destroy the venue and created the "school gate incident". More than 60 members of the presidium, including Guo Moruo, Ma Yinchu, Li Gongpu, Shi Fuliang, journalists and the Federation of Industry and Commerce, were injured by mobs, and they were only rescued by the participants. After the incident, the CPC delegation and representatives of CPPCC participating units jointly protested to Chiang Kai-shek, and Xinhua Daily and Chongqing Progressive Literature and Art Newspaper successively published comments and articles to protest and expose them. Students, workers and organizations from all walks of life formed the "2 10 bloody case support club" to express their condolences to the injured and issued a statement to protest against the atrocities of the spy. ?

127 massacre

From the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), the Military Bureau forcibly occupied and set up a secret service agency in the lower area of Geleshan. 1943, the Military Command and the U.S. Navy in China jointly formed the China-U.S. Special Technical Cooperation Office (hereinafter referred to as "China-U.S. Cooperation Office"), and designated dozens of miles under Gele Mountain as a "special zone". While engaged in operational intelligence work against Japan, SACO trained and equipped a large number of special agents for the Military Bureau. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the activities of the Cooperation Office ended, and all the equipment was handed over to the Military Bureau. More than 20 prisons, large and small, were set up here, of which Baigongguan and Zhazidong prisons were the most notorious, with hundreds of political prisoners detained before and after. 1949 In April, the China People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing, and the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang came to an end. The people's liberation army continued to advance to Chongqing, and Chiang Kai-shek was forced to decide to retreat from Chongqing. According to Chiang Kai-shek's direct orders, Kuomintang spies began to slaughter revolutionary volunteers in prison in batches in September. On September 6th, six people, including famous patriotic general Yang Hucheng and secretary Song Qiyun, were killed in Songlinpo. 10/On October 28th, Chen Ran, wang pu, Cheng Shanmou and others 10 were killed in Daping Theater. 1 14 years 10 14 days, Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Renfeng flew to Chongqing from Taiwan Province province, and Mao Renfeng presided over the meeting to carry out the four major tasks of slaughter, lurking, guerrilla and destruction that Chiang Kai-shek gave them. On that day, 30 people, including Jiang Zhujun, Li Qinglin and Qi Liang, were shot dead on Radio SACO Lanya. 165438+1On October 27th, before fleeing hastily, the Kuomintang reactionaries massacred the revolutionaries held in Baigongguan and Zhazidong prisons. As a result, nearly 200 people, including Tan and Liu Guozhi, were killed, and the men's cell in Zhazidong was set on fire, creating a "127" tragedy that shocked China and foreign countries. 165438+1On October 29th, 32 people from the "New World" temporary detention center in the city were also taken to Songlinpo for execution. More than 300 people were killed before and after, and only 35 people survived. ?

Chongqing Municipal People's Government was established.

Chongqing Municipal People's Government was established1949165438+1October 30th, and the China People's Liberation Army entered Chongqing. 65438+February 1 1, Chongqing Municipal People's Government was established. ?

Chongqing's "Third Line" Construction

Chongqing "Third Line" Construction 1965 The Central Committee has decided to launch a large-scale "Third Line Construction" for the purpose of combat readiness nationwide. Chongqing, as the focus of construction, relocated and built more than 200 large and medium-sized key enterprises and scientific research units. Except for a few arsenals, most of these new enterprises and institutions are industries related to combat readiness, such as raw materials industry, transportation equipment manufacturing, electronic communication equipment manufacturing, instrumentation and so on. Southwest aluminum processing plant, Sichuan heavy-duty automobile factory, Chongqing shipyard, Sichuan instrument factory, etc. They are all built on the "third line" construction. The construction of the "Third Line" is another great relocation after the great inward relocation of coastal industries in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, which objectively promoted the strengthening of Chongqing's industrial economic strength and made Chongqing's industrial fixed assets rank fifth in the country at that time.