Hawking's life

Stephen Hawking 1942 1.8 was born in Oxford, England. This is a special day. Galileo, the founder of modern science, died on the same day 300 years ago.

Hawking went to Cambridge University for postgraduate study after graduating from Oxford University. At this time, he was diagnosed as "Luger's disease" and soon became completely paralyzed. 1985 Hawking underwent tracheal surgery for pneumonia. After that, he couldn't speak at all, and he could only talk to people with a small dialogue machine and a speech synthesizer installed in a wheelchair. Reading must rely on a page turning machine. When reading a document, you need to ask someone to spread every page on a big table, and then he will read it page by page in a wheelchair like a silkworm eating mulberry leaves. ...

It is in this incredible difficulty that Hawking became a world-recognized giant in gravitational physics. Hawking is a Luxun professor of mathematics at Cambridge University. His black hole evaporation theory and quantum cosmology not only shocked natural science, but also had a far-reaching impact on philosophy and religion.

From the singularity of BIGBANG to the radiation mechanism of black holes, Hawking has made outstanding contributions to the development of quantum cosmology. His goal is to solve the "first thrust" problem that has been puzzling mankind since Newton. His model of the universe is a finite four-dimensional space-time with no boundary-without the first thrust of God, the evolution of the universe depends entirely on the laws of physics.

Intriguingly, Hawking's cosmology makes God have nowhere to live, but the Vatican still pays tribute to him. After admitting the mistake of Galileo's trial, the Vatican Academy of Sciences elected Hawking as an academician. Neither secular prejudice nor theological authority can stop the spread of science.

Hawking firmly believes that the basic ideas about the origin and destiny of the universe can be stated without mathematics, and people without professional training can understand them. In his popular speech, he vividly explained to the audience that the design of "using the speed of light to enter from a' black hole' and travel from a' white hole' to another part of the universe to transform time and space" is an interesting scientific fantasy, but it is difficult to realize in reality. After several years of hard writing and revision, A Brief History of Cosmology was officially published in April 1988. The book guides readers to explore the strange areas of outer space such as distant galaxies, black holes, quarks, grand unified theory, "seasoning" particles and "rotating" particles, antimatter and "arrow of time". A Brief History of Time has published 5.5 million copies in 33 languages. Nowadays in the west, people who claim to be educated will be looked down upon if they have not read this book.

The doctor has diagnosed Hawking as terminally ill, and he can only live for two years. The main reason why he can support today and achieve impressive results is that he has a strong sense of mission and an extremely strong will. Hawking's life is a record of human willpower and a miracle created by scientific spirit.

My lifelong wish is to be an ordinary person.

Stephen Hawking's proof is not so much the existence of BIGBANG and black holes, but rather that he has proved another more important thing with his whole life-he is an ordinary person and has not become an inferior "waste man" because he is trapped in a wheelchair. However, the result of the proof is even more surprising than when he found that "black holes are not all black"-how did he become a superior "superman"?

Therefore, on August 1 1, he was pushed out of the elevator on the second floor of Shangri-La Hotel in Hangzhou. When he was paralyzed in a wheelchair, Hawking seemed reluctant in front of countless flashes that lit up instantly. Just like being chased by a superstar media at Pudong International Airport, the greatest physicist since Einstein finally chose to close his eyes and let the curtain falling slowly around him shut out the fanatical "A Brief History of Time". He prefers to think quietly about the fate of the universe alone.

Maybe this is Hawking's world. Hawking once said that he clearly remembered coming home from London late one day when he was a child. "At that time, people would turn off the street lights in the middle of the night to save money. I am walking on the road. I have never seen the night sky that night, and the whole galaxy seems to pass overhead. " In this regard, his mother said, "Just look at the way the child looks up at the starry sky, and you will know how curious he is." Hawking even said, "Even if I am on an uninhabited desert island, I would rather have no lights, because then I can see the stars better."

It was not until the age of 22 that Hawking was diagnosed with Luger's disease, accompanied by motor atrophy, and he could only live for a few years at most. This obsession with the starry sky has gradually become a belief-he wants to live like a normal person. Even if he can't move all over, in order to marry the girl he loves, he must have a job and finish his doctorate in Cambridge first, so there is the big bang theory that the universe originated from a singularity in space. Even if he lost his speech function, he had to make a sum of money to pay for his daughter's tuition, so he had A Brief History of Time, which sold as well as the Bible and Shakespeare. Can people imagine that Hawking's widely acclaimed scientific achievements only come from his original intention to prove that he can be like ordinary people?

However, every time Hawking tries to prove that he is an ordinary person, the result is far higher than his expectation. He found that since massive stars will collapse into singularity after "oil runs out and lights run out", can this process be reversed, and the universe was born from the singularity big bang? Since there is universal gravitation between celestial bodies, is there a black hole whose gravity is so great that even light can be sucked in? Hawking's theory about singularities and black holes "accidentally" touched the nerve of theoretical physics.

Einstein's general theory of relativity is applicable to celestial bodies, and quantum mechanics is applicable to microscopic particles, but they cannot be unified. Hawking's singularity theory is only unified to "infinitely small matter explodes into celestial bodies". He predicted that by the end of the last century, this "great unification" theory would eventually be discovered-perhaps with a few simple equations, human understanding of the universe would reach its limit and theoretical physics would end.

However, after more than 20 years, his prediction has not come true. When the reporter asked Hawking this question, his assistant said for him, "I think Hawking agrees that he is wrong." Hawking, who can't talk this time, no longer winked at the reporter, but grinned directly to express his agreement. It took him a long time to answer through onomatopoeia, "Science is unpredictable. If I had known, I would have succeeded "-finally, he succeeded in proving to the world that he was an ordinary person with his predicted failure.

"Keep quiet, the boss is sleeping."

No one who sees Hawking will have the heart to disturb this genius. Although psychologically prepared, the reporter was deeply touched at the moment he saw him. The 40-year-old Luger's disease has completely deformed his body: his head can only be tilted to the right, his shoulders are also left low and right high, his hands are tightly sandwiched in the middle, holding a palm-sized mimetic keyboard, and his feet are twisted inward. 10 years ago, the mouth that was still symmetrical in the photo was crooked into an S-shape. As long as you smile, you will immediately become a "grin"-now, this has become his symbol.

Under the "indiscriminate bombing" of dozens of photographic "gun barrels" at the scene, that magical mimeograph looks completely different from ordinary LCD computers. The reporter sneaked behind Hawking and found that onomatopoeia words were not arranged in alphabetical order, but combined in logical order. For example, conjunctions indicating choice or juxtaposition become one group, and the subject person becomes another group. Hawking used it to choose words, and finally pressed the pronunciation key to let the computer-generated voice speak for him.

Even if he knew the reporter's question in advance, Hawking's answer was surprisingly slow. The reporter could hardly see his fingers pressing the keyboard, as if they would never move. There was only silence at the scene after the question was asked, and countless eyes fell on Hawking, until a few slightly weird English words popped up in my ear-the British said it had an American accent, while the Americans thought it had a Nordic accent or an Irish accent. His answer is extremely short, and a simple sentence with only subject, predicate and object often has to wait for more than ten minutes. In less than an hour, Hawking looked tired, and the reporter even saw him start to press the keyboard bored to keep the screen flashing.

Hawking has been the Lucas Professor of Cambridge University since 1980. He saw everything in the universe from his wheelchair. However, perhaps it is much simpler and more comfortable for him to think quietly in his office in Cambridge than to be worshipped all day. Hawking goes to the office in a wheelchair every day and walks through a long corridor, where all the portraits of Professor Lucas, including Newton, are neatly hung. Hawking's office is at the end of a row of French windows. There is usually a raft hanging at the door of the office, which reads: "Please keep quiet, the boss is sleeping."

That's probably not true-Hawking just doesn't want to be disturbed by outsiders. At this time, he must be sitting in this comfortable small room with a high ceiling, working quietly in front of the computer for several hours, galloping in his own universe. Two or three pots of plants around are photos of three children. Every afternoon at 4 o'clock, he will talk with graduate students with the help of nurses. They have afternoon tea and exchange views on the universe. A nurse held Hawking's cheek and straightened his crooked head so that the tea wouldn't leak out. Sometimes his glasses will slide down his nose, but if a student asks about his theory, he will grin at once.

At least, the excuse that "the boss is sleeping" makes Hawking feel most free. Just as he named his book after Shakespeare's words-"Even if I am locked in a shell, I still think I am the king of infinite space", Hawking told reporters, "I find the real universe even more attractive than Star Wars. If you want to go to space, you must study physics first. "

Willing to go to a desert island with a requiem.

A reporter asked him what his greatest happiness was besides scientific research. Hawking's answer seems much faster. "I love life. Music and family have given me a lot of happiness. " Outside the universe, music is where he finds his home. So far, the most successful interview about Hawking is the BBC's "Desert Island Record" program at Christmas 1992. This program requires respondents to assume that they are alone on a desert island and can only choose eight records to carry with them. Only this time, Hawking rarely answered questions in simple sentences for the first time-when it comes to music, his "words" box suddenly opened. Hawking likes Wagner's music very much. He said, "I began to like Wagner from 1963, when I was diagnosed with Luger's disease. The dark tone and apocalyptic mood of Wagner's music coincided with my mood at that time. " He even took pains to repeat the plot of Wagner's The Lord of the Rings-you know, even normal people spend a lot of time, not to mention choosing words one by one.

However, if he could only choose one record, he said he would still choose Mozart's Requiem. "On my 15 birthday, I got a set of Mozart's CD, which lasted for 200 hours. I still listen to it often. My favorite is Mozart's requiem. If I can only take one record to a desert island, I will take it to listen to DISCMAN's battery until it runs out. "

The family moved to St. Albans on 1950.

1959 Entering Oxford University

1962 graduated from Oxford and went to Cambridge for postgraduate study.

1963 was diagnosed as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

From 65438 to 0965, she got a doctorate from Cambridge University and married Jenny Wilder.

The eldest son Robert was born.

Daughter Lucy was born/started to use a wheelchair.

1973 the first work:> published.

1974 announced the discovery of black hole radiation and became a member of the Royal Society.

1977 was appointed Professor of Gravitational Physics at Cambridge University.

1979 The second son Timothy was born/was appointed Lucas Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University/

& lt& lt Comment on General Relativity: Commemorating Einstein's Centennial Birthday & gt Published

198 1 year, he attended the Vatican cosmology conference and announced the idea of borderless/< <; Hyperspace and Hypergravity >:> was awarded the Senior Knight of the British Empire.

1985 fell ill in Switzerland/underwent tracheotomy, lost language ability and used a computer with a sound generator.

1988:& gt； Publish/win the Wolf Foundation Award

1989 was awarded the title of honorary knight of the British Empire.

1990 Divorce with his wife

199 1 year & gt The movie of the same name was released.

1993 > published