When was the Mona Lisa painted by herself?

Mona Lisa is a transliteration of the English word Mona Lisa. The name comes from a biography published by giorgio vasari 3 1 year after Da Vinci's death-Who's Who in the Art Garden. Among them, giorgio vasari thinks this model is Lisa Giocondo, the wife of Francesco del Giocondo, a wealthy Florentine businessman. Mona is translated as "my lady" in Italian, which is usually before the female name, which is equivalent to "Madam" in English. So, Mona Lisa means "Mrs Lisa".

Another name of this painting is "La Gioconda" in Italian, which is the feminine spelling of Giocondo. In Italian, "Gioconda" means "relaxed and carefree", so "Gioconda" can also mean "carefree woman". The name has two meanings because of her smile. The French name "La Joconde" can also be explained in this way.

"Mona Lisa" and the Italian name "Giocondo" have been the fixed names of this painting since19th century. For a long time before, this painting had many descriptive names, such as "a Florence lady" and "a mistress with a scarf".

history

16th century

Two columns appeared in the early version of Mona Lisa (Walters Art Museum in Baltimore). Leonardo da Vinci began to create the Mona Lisa in 1502 (Italian Renaissance). According to vasari's records, it took four years to complete the painting.

15 16, French king Francois I invited Leonardo da Vinci to the king's castle ch? Near Amboise, I work in a place called Cross Luce. This painting was brought to France from Italy. The king bought it with 4000 crowns and kept it in Fontainebleau Palace until Louis XIV.

For a long time, people thought that this painting was cut after the death of Leonardo da Vinci, and the two sides of the painting were cut off. In the early version of Mona Lisa, there were two pillars on both sides of the painting, which only appeared in the original.

However, Pascal Cotte, a French scientific engineer, used the world's first multispectral camera and obtained a rare license from the Louvre to shoot the Mona Lisa. He took high-quality images by ultraviolet and infrared rays, which proved that the Mona Lisa was painted on a poplar sketchpad in the early years. The layering range of the painting and the previous operation (plaster base) showed that the painting had not been cut.

[Editor] The man in the photo

Who is the person in the Mona Lisa painting? It is impossible to confirm today. Art historians have discussed many possibilities. Many people think that the lady in the painting is the wife of a wealthy silk merchant and government official in Florence. This theory comes from a sentence of Leonardo da Vinci in his later years. He mentioned a portrait of a Florentine lady appointed by the giant giuliano Medici.

Leonardo da Vinci's first biographer said that the Mona Lisa did exist. She is the wife of Francisco del Giocondo. Giocondo does exist. He is a wealthy businessman in Florence, and he is also very influential in local politics. Today, we know almost nothing about his wife lisa gherardini (she was born in 1479 and got married in Giocondo on 1495). In fact, there is no historical record that she was the lover of Medici, or that Da Vinci really meant her.

Leonardo da Vinci later said something that caused some confusion. In this sentence, he mentioned the portraits of Mona Lisa and Francisco del Giocondo. So someone put forward a controversial theory that Mona Lisa is a man.

The Italian title of this painting "La Gioconda" comes from a letter from Da Vinci 1625. In this letter, he said that this work shows the bust of Gioconda. But it must be noted here that Qiao Kangda also means "liberated woman" in Italian, not necessarily a name.

Some people think that Mona Lisa is actually a self-portrait. If the Mona Lisa image and Leonardo da Vinci's self-portrait are superimposed on the computer, the faces of the two images are exactly the same. However, critics believe that this result is only because the two paintings were painted by the same painter in the same style.

There is also a saying that the Mona Lisa is actually the Grand Duchess of Milan. Leonardo da Vinci was this lady's court painter 1 1 year. The dark green clothes in the painting show that she is a lady in this grand duke family. The similarities between Mona Lisa and other portraits of the Grand Duchess are obvious.

Some Canadian scientists used infrared imaging and found that this dark portrait had been modified. In the original portrait, Mona Lisa was unkempt rather than scattered, wearing tulle worn by pregnant women. To be sure, this painting is to celebrate the birth of the second child. [ 1]

Experts from the University of Heidelberg confirmed that the smiling woman who painted the Mona Lisa for Leonardo da Vinci was indeed lisa gherardini, the wife of Florentine businessman Giocondo. They found that Leonardo da Vinci's friend Agostino Vespucci wrote on the edge of a book in June 1503 that Leonardo da Vinci was painting three paintings, one of which was a portrait painted by Ghelardini. [2]

appreciation of the beauty

Mona Lisa is the earliest bust in Italy. In the painting, the figure sits on the armrest of the chair with his hands folded, and is half-length from the head to the waist, which changes the composition of the early portrait that only the head and upper body are painted and the chest is cut off, and establishes a new portrait basic structure for future painters and photographers.

Leonardo da vinci used the pyramid structure to put the lady in the painting simply and completely. She folded her hands together to form a corner in front of the pyramid. Her chest, neck and face are as soft as her hands. The light changes of these organic parts show the fullness and softness of the body, including the smile on it. Sigmund freud understood this smile as the painter's sexy nostalgia for his mother. Others describe it as childish, attractive and even ecstatic or sad. It should be pointed out that most of Leonardo's portraits at that time had such a smile.

The mysterious Mona Lisa is not only famous for her smile, but also the eyes of the characters in the painting are quite unique. No matter which angle you look at this painting, you will find that Mona Lisa's eyes are looking straight at you, which makes people feel that Mona Lisa's eyes are alive and will swim with the audience's perspective, holding an eternal smile to all the audience.

Some scholars try to discuss why different people feel different about this smile. These theories are scientific, and some of them are based on the actual characters and feelings of Mona Lisa. Some people say that Mona Lisa's smile can only be seen by looking sideways. Others think that this kind of smile is so elusive because it takes advantage of people's visual interference. Those who put forward the theory that Mona Lisa is the Duchess of Milan say that Mona Lisa's smile is so sad because the Duchess's life is very sad, because her husband is very powerful and an alcoholic, and he often beats her. This is because the Duchess herself once said that she is the "most unfortunate wife" in the world.

Although the technique of this portrait is simple, the harmony between people and background makes it the most famous and meticulous painting in history. The curves of women's hair and clothes in the painting match the curves of valleys and rivers in the background. The harmony of the whole painting embodies Leonardo da Vinci's idea of the connection between man and nature, making this painting a permanent record of Leonardo da Vinci's world outlook and genius.

Behind people, a distant background extends to distant icebergs. Only winding roads and distant bridges show the existence of people. Fuzzy dividing lines, natural and unrestrained figures, obvious contrast between light and shade, and a sense of normality are all Leonardo's styles.

Mona Lisa is the first portrait of a person in an imaginary background. Interestingly, the scenery behind is not symmetrical. The scenery on the left is obviously lower than that on the right. Some critics think this shows that the left part was added later.

The Mona Lisa has been restored many times. X-ray examination proves that there are three past versions behind the existing Mona Lisa. The thin poplar floor is deformed more than originally thought, so the repairman of the museum is considering how to keep the painting in its original state.