What is a special report?

The name of the close-up story comes from the close-up of the focus plane in film photography. The feature of film close-up is to enlarge and highlight the part of people or things, which has a strong artistic effect. The close-up of the film enriches the lens language of the film and has a unique artistic appeal.

News writing draws lessons from the expression of close-ups in movies, and expresses news figures or events through close-ups to form its own distinctive stylistic characteristics. Compared with other common news genres, special reports are more vivid than news, more concentrated and concise than communication, more delicate and rich than interviews, and have unique expressive power. The definition of "feature story" is +0.6438+0. 10008686867.

Close-up story is a kind of news genre, which depicts images by selecting the most characteristic and expressive fragments and scenes in news facts.

At present, when people use the name "close-up", there are still unclear stylistic boundaries. If someone confuses "big feature" with "special report". Some people call general communication "close-up", while others generally equate western "close-up" with Sichuan's "close-up". Therefore, it is necessary to define the connotation of close-up style, so that its stylistic features are more distinct, which is obviously different from other news styles. Officials give full play to the unique advantages of this style. The Characteristics of 8. 1. 1 in Western News Writing

In western news writing theory, all reports except news are called "features" or "features".

Aronson, an American journalism professor, said in his news interview and writing: "A close-up usually refers to a certain type of manuscript with a long length in a newspaper. There is no official news lead for this manuscript. It is a news event or a political or social event about someone or an institution. "

Julian Harris's Essential for All-round Journalists-Basic Principles of News Interview, Writing and Editing holds that: "... features refer to interesting news reports-those that are not suitable for the strict standards of major news such as politics and diplomacy. But if the event is exciting enough and the reporter has enough skills, then the big news can also be written as a close-up. "

The book Close-up Writing Skills by American journalist Daniel Williamson clearly points out: "Except news reports, any report is a close-up."

From the above discussion, we can see that the connotation of characteristics in western news writing is not clearly and strictly defined, it is a very broad stylistic concept. 8. 1. 1.2 Evolution of the concept of thematic stories in China

In my great-leap-forward news communication practice, feature, as a relatively independent news style, has been studied and experienced a gradual evolution process.

In my leap, the writing technique of close-up can be traced back to ancient times. In our company's famous classical works, such as Kouji, the author can vividly express an event, a scene and so on with a few strokes. Of course. In ancient times, there was no close-up concept in the sense of news.

In China, the news style of "feature" first appeared in the 1920s and 1930s. At that time, many newspapers had columns such as "exclusive interview with this newspaper", "feature of this newspaper" and "literary exchange". These works all capture the most characteristic fragments or scenes in news events, and describe the news figures or events in detail by literary means, which makes readers feel immersive and should be the earliest close-up stories.

It was not until 1950s that the word "close-up" was widely used and the style of close-up stories was studied. At that time, influenced by Soviet literary thoughts, the press generally followed Gorky's and Polewoy's basic views on close-up stories, emphasizing the political and literary nature of close-up. Their so-called close-up is actually synonymous with reportage. Gorky pointed out in the 1930s that: ... feature is a kind of work between research papers and short stories ",which has been adopted by feature writers and theorists since then. During the leap period, Liu's article "On Close-ups" (No.1958 I (the news front) was more influential. This paper holds that "close-up" is a unique literary genre and should be treated equally with other forms such as poetry, novel and drama. It not only describes the artistic image and characters' hearts, but also freely expresses enthusiastic encouragement and sharp criticism.

19 However, although people had noticed some basic features of close-up at that time, they still confused close-up with literary works and reportage. At the same time, the names used at that time were Literary Newsletter, Literary Sketch and Literary Flower Dispatch. 1963 In March, the editorial department of People's Daily and the Chinese Writers Association held a symposium on reportage. Most participants advocated replacing the above expression with reportage. From then on. In my leap in journalism and literature and art, the concept of "reportage" replaced the concept of "close-up" in the 1950s.

In recent years, the rapid development of modern visual news means, such as radio and television, has had a great impact on the reporting form of newspapers. The appearance and rapid growth of close-ups are mainly due to the appearance of radio, news films, television and other media in the 20th century. In order to enhance expressiveness and readability, newspapers and columns and other pure news genres appear together, especially in the competition with visual and visualized news of electronic media. In this process, more and more close-ups stand out with the help of various literary expressions and the communication effect of "lens sense" in movies and photography. Judging from our current news practice. Contemporary features have unique characteristics and should be an independent news genre, which is different from other news genres such as news, communication and reportage.

Now, close-ups appear more and more in newspapers, radio, television and other media with their unique functions. Because it draws lessons from film techniques, it has a strong sense of scene, picture and witness, so it is more attractive to the audience in the digital media era and is widely welcomed. At present, special reports have become a common news genre in all kinds of media and reports on all kinds of subjects. As the "light cavalry" of news reports, it gives full play to the characteristics of mobility and flexibility, and plays a role in infecting readers with its vivid words.

I hope it helps you.