What standard protection requirements should the radiation room meet?

, civil engineering requirements

Geographically, the radiology department is built far away from wards and places where people are concentrated, and it is on the first floor when connected with the outpatient building.

Or one end of a floor. Frame structure or ordinary solid brick wall. Solid wall thickness

23 cm

or

37 cm

, concrete

wall thickness

≥20cm

. In multi-storey buildings, the floor is poured with concrete and bears a certain load, because large machines

The machine body is heavy and frequently moves to produce vibration, so some large machines require the floor to bear the load.

1000kg/

㎡

(For example, a large image intensifier including an image intensifier)

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Average weight of wire rod machine

800- 1000 kg

Above, what's more.

1200 kg

Above)

2

, water, electricity and other requirements

Water is indispensable for radiology.

Especially in darkroom, wash the film (except dry film) with water.

, so

The water should be smooth up and down,

But other computer rooms generally don't need running water.

of course，

With the popularization of digitalization,

More and more hospital radiology departments have been digitized,

Therefore, the traditional way of developing film in darkroom has been gradually abandoned.

Give up.

Electricity is the power of all machines in radiology.

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The invention belongs to high-power precision equipment,

The quality of power supply directly affects.

Give play to the performance of the machine.

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The requirements of wire rod machine for power supply include

：

Capacity of power supply,

Internal resistance,

Frequency,

Voltage, etc.

Power supply capacity:

X

The power supply capacity required by the wire rod machine is

X

This is stipulated in the installation instructions of the wire rod machine. Radiological department requirements

The total power supply capacity should be based on the number of installed machines and each machine.

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Calculate the power supply capacity required by the wire rod machine. safe

mechanical loader

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When threading the machine, just follow the installation instructions.

When installing multiple machines, you can generally press each machine.

The sum of actual demand capacity

1/3

Select, because it is impossible for multiple machines to be exposed at the same time.

Internal resistance of power supply:

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X-ray machine is an instantaneous high-power load, and the power supply current is very large when taking pictures. large-scale

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The wire machine may

Up to several hundred amperes of current, so the internal resistance of the power supply has a great influence on the power supply voltage, which directly affects it.

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Wire processing machine

Normal operation may even damage the circuit components of the machine. The internal resistance of the power supply is

X

Important technology in wire rod mechanical design

Parameters, each group

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All wire rod machines specify the internal resistance of power supply according to the capacity of the machine. Our country

X

Wire rod machinery series products

As required in the specification,

use

380 volts

supply voltage

25kW

The internal resistance of the power supply is

0.3Ω

50kW

time

0. 15Ω

100 kw

time

0. 1Ω

. Power supply internal resistance refers to the sum of power supply transformer internal resistance and power supply conductor internal resistance.

(Transformer internal resistance and insulation conductor resistance can be found in the electrician's manual)

. When the transformer is selected, in the power supply

The resistance is mainly the resistance of the power supply line, which depends on the material, length and cross-sectional area of the power supply line, so try your best.

Make the work place of radiology department closer to the power distribution room or increase the cross-sectional area of power supply wire.

Power supply voltage,

Frequency,

Stage:

ordinary

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Wire rod machine has clear requirements for power supply voltage.

(

220 volts

or

380 volts

)

The voltage fluctuation range is within

- 15%

~

+ 10%

China's power supply frequency is

50 Hz

homemade

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The wire machine presses evenly.

50 Hz

Design,

transmarine

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There are some presses on the wire machine.

60Hz

Design,

But some of its internal circuits can be adjusted to

50 Hz

Circuits,

Power frequency requirements

0.5 Hz

. The phase of the power supply should be relatively stable. When changing the phase,

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Three-phase driving horse of wire drawing machine

The direction of rotation of the motor has also changed.

Ground wire: In order to ensure the safety of staff and patients,

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This wire machine should be well grounded. The significance of grounding is as follows

Two aspects

：

Working grounding and protective grounding. Working grounding needs to be grounded when the circuit works, such as in high voltage secondary.

Heart grounded. Protective grounding is for connection.

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Wire rod machine has no charged metal shell or metal element shell and grounding device.

Connect,

Once the insulation is damaged or leakage occurs, it will be connected to the earth.

Play the role of safety protection.

earth wire

≥4 mm

2

The multi-strand copper wire and the grounding electrode are firmly welded into a whole. General area of grounding electrode

& gt 0.25m.

2

, thickness

degree

& gt3

Made of copper plate. Stay away from building burial.

3m

Waidixia

1.5 m

Put charcoal around the geosyncline.

And that humidity around the ground electrode is ensure. When the tap water pipe is used as the ground wire (small)

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Line machine)

, belt width

3cm

thick

1 mm

The copper skin is fixed on the tap water pipe. Laws and regulations in China

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The grounding resistance of the wire rod machine shall be

& lt4Ω

Lightning protection:

At present, most devices are controlled by integrated circuits and microcomputers.

Strict requirements for external power supply.

When lightning strikes,

Cause that power supply of the external circuit to change,

A large pulse current enters the turned-on device,

Pairable set

A complete circuit will cause devastating damage and irreparable failure to electronic components.

Therefore, it not only needs to be installed in buildings.

Install lightning protection devices, and if possible, install lightning protection devices on the distribution box of the machine to prevent lightning strikes.

three

, housing requirements

General requirements:

The layout should be reasonable,

Decorate the room according to the purpose,

It should be conducive to work order and improve work efficiency.

Rate,

Convenient for patients,

support

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Pay attention to protection while installing and maintaining the wire guide machine.

Indoor should be dry,

Dustproof,

Prevention of rodents

Equipped with air conditioning or heating. Distribution box and threading hole shall be reserved at appropriate positions.

Space size of computer room: it should be based on the premise of ensuring safe and convenient work. According to national protection standards

：

The computer room should

There is enough use area, new computer room, general installation.

100 mA

underneath

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Wire processing machine

≥24

㎡,

200 ma

along with

Shangde ke

≥36

Multi-tube

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The area of wiring room can be appropriately enlarged.

The height of the computer room depends on different machine structures.

Ask for different things, usually in

2.5

~

3.5 meters

amongst

Other Structure of Computer Room: China's "Medical Diagnosis"

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The provisions of the line protection facilities standard "

：

The doors and windows of the computer room must be closed.

Manage settings,

There should also be a protective thickness suitable for lead equivalent,

So that candidates can get corresponding protection.

The computer room should be guaranteed

Keep good ventilation,

Install fresh air supply system or ventilation device.

There are enough observation windows in the cabin operation room and engine room.

Lead glass with enough lead equivalent.

four

, public protection requirements

The difference between radiology workplace and other departments,

Not only the difference between installing the machine,

There is another important area.

Don't sleep late

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Radiation from wire machines. This is related to staff, patients and people in the surrounding environment.

Healthy. Therefore,

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The design of wiring room should put protection first. According to China's medical diagnosis.

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shoot

Hygienic Protection Standard for Wire Rod Machinery

The wall facing the beam in the machine room should be

2mm

Protective thickness of lead equivalent

(Lord!

Protection)

Other side walls and ceilings

(Multi-storey building)

because

1 mm

Protective thickness of lead equivalent

(secondary protection)

There are all the walls of the fluoroscopy room.

1 mm

Protective thickness of lead equivalent. Taking ordinary brick walls as an example, it is generally

24 cm

thick

As long as the mortar is full and no gaps are left, the solid brick wall can be achieved.

2mm

Lead equivalent, hollow brick or brick joint mortar does not

It's too full to reach.

2mm

Lead equivalent.

In addition to wall protection,

Doors and windows,

Vent,

Threading hole,

Film transport box,

Observation window, etc. Should be protected.

five

Requirements for the surrounding environment

because

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X-ray ionized air is harmful to human body,

Regulations on safety and protection of radioisotope and radiation devices

Article 34 provides that:

Where radiation equipment is used,

Clear radiation lines should be set in accordance with relevant state regulations.

Sexy symbol,

The warning sign means to remind people of possible dangers. Its background is yellow, positive three.

The corner frame and the ionizing radiation sign graphics are all black,

"

Beware of ionizing radiation

"

Use a bold black line font.

straight

Triangular outer

a 1=0.034L

, inner edge

a2=0.700a 1

L

The entrance should follow the country.

Home requirements for safety protection standards, set up safety protection facilities and necessary protective safety interlock,

Alarm device or working signal. Avoid all non-staff staying around the computer room.