What is an empty lens?

Question 1: What do you mean by shooting with an empty mirror? "Empty mirror shooting" refers to shooting the scenery or buildings without a specific person, which is one of the shooting methods.

Question 2: What is an empty lens? Characteristics of the empty lens: Compared with the character lens (the empty lens is not empty), the main reason is that the scene lens has no character lens (mainly referring to the characters related to the plot), and there is a landscape lens that describes the scenery and things!

Question 3: Introduction to the content of air-shooting: Kyouichi Katayama, a best-selling author who rose in Japan with Calling for Love in the Center of the World after Haruki Murakami, changed the classical theme of pure love stories and the usual way of narrative discussion, and suddenly broke into the online game world with a novel called air-shooting, which led to a dazzling and rapid switch, mysterious time scenes and scenes. Looking at the first page, I don't know how to unfold the second page. After reading the first section, I don't know how to advance the second section. I still feel that I can't publish a book, a net or a mystery.

Question 4: 1 What is a telephoto lens, a close-up lens and an empty lens? What is the aesthetic significance of a long-range close-up empty lens? Five points, you also reported the film and television art appreciation. ...

Question 5: The concept of empty shot The so-called scene shot is a shot with only scenery and no characters, which is also called scene shot.

There are two kinds of empty shots, scene shots and real shots. The former is also called "scenery shot", which adopts panoramic series scenes (panorama, distant view or big distant view). It is a kind of lens category in which there is no subject or obvious subject in the picture, and geography and natural scenery are the main performance objects. The empty lens of writing generally uses close-up and close-up pictures to describe things in detail, which usually has ideographic functions such as explanation, suggestion, symbol and metaphor.

Empty scenes are widely used in TV dramas and documentaries, which are often used to introduce the environment, explain the time, express the mood and render the story. In TV dramas, we can often see brightly lit roads, rippling lakes, villages filled with smoke, and endless, beautiful and rich pastoral scenery. These pictures usually have the performance function of explaining the environment and expressing feelings. Sunset, sunrise, crescent moon, thousand lights and melting snow and ice have the function of explaining time, day and season. As for using long grass, blooming flowers, roaring mountain winds and winding roads to compare the beauty of life or the hardships of life, it has the function of expressing feelings and rendering the atmosphere.

In addition, the empty shot also has the functions of forming paragraph intervals, slowing down the rhythm, dividing scene clues and changing scene space. For example, in a TV series, after a story is finished, an empty scene such as green mountains and green waters, blue sky and white clouds or sunset clouds, moonlight and villages as shown in figure 1 is interspersed to give the audience a visual aesthetic experience and a psychological "short break", and then the narrative of the next scene or story paragraph is started. In many types of movies, such as TV series and documentaries, empty scenes are usually indispensable. When shooting on location, we should consciously pay attention to capturing and shooting as many open spaces as possible.

There are no characters in the empty scene, and there is no main image of the characters. In TV series, documentaries and other art films, the artistic expression and plot appeal of films are usually enhanced by their symbolic and metaphorical functions, which usually have the artistic effect of showing montage. For example, when a person is extremely frightened, he can shake his hands violently and empty a shot; When someone is extremely bored, you can pick up an empty lens of an ashtray full of cigarette butts and smoking plumes; When a person is upset, you can take an empty shot of the rain hitting the screen window. Of course, such as stoves, candles, flowers, dead leaves, olive branches, doves of peace, red flags, torches and so on. It also has expressive functions such as explanation, symbol or metaphor.

In news TV programs, the proper use of empty lens can play a role of "icing on the cake" and "making the finishing point". The functions of empty lens in news programs mainly include: explaining the place and environment where news happened, deepening the news theme, and providing factual basis for news events and news viewpoints. In particular, the proper use of the characteristics of symbols, explanations and metaphors (metaphors, metaphors or allegories) contained in the empty lens of writing plays an irreplaceable role in deepening the news theme, strengthening the credibility of TV news and enhancing the strength of news discussion.

Question 6: What is aerial photography? . . . . . In film and television, the protagonist does not explain the environment, and everything is empty.

Question 7: I want an empty film! Maybe you don't understand the real meaning of empty lens, so your question is a bit strange.

The so-called empty shot means that there are no characters related to the plot in the picture. Because its content is mainly natural landscape and objective objects, it is also called "scenery lens". But "all scenes and words are sentimental" (Wang Guowei), and empty shots are often used to externalize the emotions of characters, render the atmosphere and artistic conception, control the rhythm of films and explain the time and space background. Sometimes, an empty shot even hints at the intention of the whole movie. Empty photography is like blank space in Chinese painting, which has many implications in life. As an important lens language, many movie master left a clever stroke in the film with empty lens:

Eisenstein's battleship potemkin: an "assault boat" for empty camera test.

Speaking of Eisenstein, people will immediately think of montage, and Battleship potemkin, a revolutionary movie. In fact, in this film, in addition to the wonderful interpretation of montage, empty shooting also played an important role. The director connected some unremarkable empty shots with dramatic film narration by means of "metaphorical montage", which gave these empty shots strong symbolic significance. When the revolution is solidified in porn, those groundbreaking empty scenes in the film will remain in people's memory forever.

At the beginning of the film, there are several empty shots of waves crashing on the rocky coast, accompanied by Lenin's famous saying: "Revolution is a war …" Obviously, the empty shots here are only simple illustrations of subtitles. In the first part of the film, there is also a soup in the scenes of boiling empty scenes and angry people, and its significance is self-evident. In addition, the director satirized the hypocrisy and bravado of the reactionaries with some empty shots showing crosses, pince-nez and linoleum. All these seemingly ordinary empty shots have strong and distinct symbolic significance in the editing of "metaphor montage", from which we can also see the director's unique exploration of expressing meaning and narrative with empty shots.

In the famous passage of Odessa Steps, Eisenstein flaunted his genius and completed a wonderful "montage dance" with the empty lens of three "stone lions". At first, it was a lion sleeping on his stomach. Later, the lion raised his head warily and finally stood up bravely. We not only understand that this symbolizes the rise of revolutionary forces from the narrative level, but also fully feel the infinite charm of empty photography from the artistic level. These talented empty shots can be said to be a groundbreaking stroke in the history of movies. So, we were pleasantly surprised to find that this warship named "potemkin" was actually an "assault boat" tested by an empty mirror.

Cai Chusheng and Zheng's A River Flows East: A Lyric Empty Lens of "Chinese Style"

Looking at the scenery and expressing feelings by borrowing things is a specialty in China's traditional literature and art, and the moon is an image that has entrusted the hearts of countless people in China. In "A River Flows East" filmed by 1947, the director who knows China's traditional aesthetic habits skillfully uses the modern film language "empty lens" to express the traditional image of the moon many times, which can be said to be a unique "Chinese-style" lyric empty lens, leaving a deep impression on people.

The narrative framework of this film is set in an era of "mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is gone with the wind, and life experiences are gone with the rain". Therefore, the fate of the protagonist in the film is pushed around by the tide of the whole era, and it is easy to fall into the emotional interpretation of joys and sorrows. However, the director's clever technique avoids this stereotype, especially the six empty shots of the moon, and skillfully externalizes the psychological feelings of the characters in different time and space into a moonlit night. The moon hanging in the night sky began to witness the vows of loyalty and element fragrance, and also watched the loyalty leave righteously; Later, I witnessed that Su Fen's family who stayed in the countryside went from waiting patiently with hope to struggling for support. On the other hand, it was Zhongliang who lived in the upper class. Here, the moon in the empty lens is not only a prop for the blending of scenes, but also provides a calm bystander's perspective, allowing the audience to feel the director's criticism and sympathy outside the real and touching movie plot.

Moreover, several empty shots also played a transitional role of "time-space transformation", just as the episode in the film sang: "The moon shines on Kyushu, and several families are happy and several are sad." Under the same moon and sky, it is natural to compare Chongqing and Shanghai, which are addicted to money, with the fiery rural areas in the north, and judge the pros and cons between parallel narratives. This is the power of images.

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Question 8: What is the lens language of photography? Lens language; As the name implies, the lens is used to express our meaning like language. We can usually see the photographer's intention through the picture taken by the camera, because we can feel what the photographer wants to express through the lens from the change of the theme and picture taken by it. This is the so-called' my lens can talk', which is also commonly known as' lens language'. In the image world, although it is different from the usual expression, the purpose is the same, so,

Question 9: What is the framework of focus plane?

A shot often contains one or several different pictures, and each picture consists of many identical or different frames. The frame of the lens is a horizontal rectangle. The aspect ratio of ordinary screen movies is 1: 1.375, that of widescreen movies is 1: 2.35, and that of 70mm movies is 1: 2.2. Individual shots are shot by special methods such as occlusion, and special pictures such as circle, triangle, vertical row and multi-screen can be obtained. Picture is the premise of the lens picture, in which all the contents of the film are displayed.

Scene of the lens

Scene refers to the photos taken by the camera at different distances from the subject or in different ranges with the zoom lens. Can be divided into the following categories: vision-representing distant people and a wide range of space environment; Panorama-show the whole body of the character and the surrounding environment; Mid shot-shows the part above the knee of the character; Close-up-shows the part above the chest of the character; Close-up-details of people, objects or environments. There are also some names of other scenic spots used in film photography, such as "big view", "complete works", "small complete works", "whole person", "middle complete works", "half-length", "close-up" and "big close-up", which are more detailed divisions of the above five types of scenic spots. According to the special performance of film art, the lens is divided into different scenes according to the size and distance of the object and the priority of the content, so as to give appropriate performance, thus achieving the role of accurate narration and artistic description. Various landscapes are interdependent and inseparable, and have different functions at the same time. For example, vision and panorama can show the characters' movements, broad environment and their relationship as a whole, and have outstanding expressive power in showing mass scenes and sports scenes, showing the characters' behavior and spiritual momentum, and depicting the atmosphere and artistic conception. The content of close-up and close-up performance is single and concentrated, and the object can be enlarged, which not only reproduces and depicts clearly and meticulously, but also plays a prominent and emphasized role. Mid shot is good at expressing the communication and relationship between characters and between characters and environment, and occupies an important position in narrative content.

Lens angle

Refers to the angle between the camera and the subject when shooting. Generally, it can be divided into supine position, supine position, prone position, positive position, lateral position and inversion. Can be used alone or in combination, and has various varieties. Angle is an important factor in the composition of the lens picture, which has rich artistic expression. If you shoot the lens upside down, the object looks tall and majestic; Looking down at the camera, the object looks short and empty; Frontal shooting, the picture is solemn and steady; Side shot, vivid composition.

Motion of lens

In the early stage of the development of film art, the lens was fixed. The widespread use of mobile phone photography is a matter of recent decades. The motion mode of the camera can be summarized as: translation-constant center position, omni-directional translation; Push and pull-use a moving car or photographer to move around to push or pull the subject to shoot; Stretch and shrink-take photos from far to near or from near to far by adjusting the zoom lens. The result of shooting is different from that of pushing and pulling the lens in perspective; Moving-not following an object fixedly, moving vertically and horizontally to shoot; Tracking and shooting with one or more moving objects; Ascending and Descending-On the elevator, shooting in ascending or descending motion. Various methods can be used alone or in combination. The shots shot in these ways are called panning shots, following shots, lifting shots, etc. , and is always called a moving shot. The motion of the lens and the motion of the subject are combined to form the movie scene scheduling. They make the picture more vivid and rich, enhance the visual sense of sports and help to form an expressive artistic rhythm and atmosphere.

Lens length

The normal speed of cameras and projectors in silent movies is one foot per second, which is 16 frames. A talking movie is 1.5 feet per second, or 24 frames. For special artistic effects, a single lens can increase or decrease the speed, commonly known as high-speed lens or degraded lens. The length of the focal plane depends on the content of the lens. Just a few frames, showing less than a second; It may be hundreds of feet long and show for a few minutes. A one-and-a-half-hour talking film usually consists of 400-800 shots of different lengths, with more shots in silent films and documentaries.

The sound of the camera

Sound is an organic part of the focal plane, which forms a screen image with sound and picture together with the motion modeling on the screen. According to the requirements of content and artistic treatment, you can align sound and picture, you can also align sound and picture, and you can write ... >; & gt

Question 10: What lens terms are used in the script? 1. Empty shot-There are no people on the screen, only shots of scenery or objects. Empty lens is also called scenery lens. The content of empty lens is not "empty", it is an important means for film and television to introduce the environment, describe events, portray characters and convey feelings. When representing the environment where the story takes place, empty shots often appear at the beginning of the film. 2. Long shot-refers to a shot taken for a long time, which does not cut the space and maintains the integrity of time and space. This shot keeps the continuity and unity of space and time in the same picture, which can give people a sense of intimacy and realism; The rhythm is slow, so the lyrical atmosphere is strong. Some people call the long shot "montage in the shot". French film theorist Andre? Bazin is an advocate of "long lens theory", and summarizes the practice of using long lens in movies: (1) The use of long lens and depth of field lens can avoid strictly limiting the audience's perception process, and is a potential ideographic form, focusing on revealing the motivation through the normal and complete movement of things, and maintaining the authenticity of "transparency" and fuzziness; (2) The long lens (lens-paragraph) ensures that the time process of the event is respected, and the depth of field lens allows the audience to see the whole picture of the real space and the actual connection of things; (3) continuous shooting's scenes embody the narrative principles of modern movies, abandon the ellipsis that strictly conforms to the causal logic of drama, and reproduce the natural flow of real things, thus being more realistic. Later generations called Bazin's theory "long lens school". As a film style and means of expression, long shots have their unique advantages in showing complete realistic scenes. 3. Head-down shots-Most shots are taken head-up. In a movie screen, the orientation and image of the subject in the audience's visual range will change with the different shooting angles, thus attracting the audience's attention to the subject and changing the audience's psychological reaction. Upward photography refers to the camera shooting from bottom to top and from low to high. The upward lens represents the line of sight of the audience looking up, and there is often a feeling of stretching, openness, loftiness and admiration in color sense. Overhead shooting refers to the camera shooting from high to low and from top to bottom, and overhead shooting represents the line of sight of the audience looking down. Looking down at the camera makes people feel gloomy, small and depressed. The shooting angle is suitable for expressing the tragic fate of people or the abomination and meanness of characters. In many movies, we often shoot the enemy's binge drinking, the noise of casinos, the plot of gangsters and so on. 4. Fast and slow shooting-24 frames per second at normal shooting speed. If the shooting speed of the camera is reduced or accelerated without changing the projection speed of 24 frames per second, special visual effects will appear on the ground screen. A shot taken at a speed 24 frames/second lower than the normal speed of the camera is called a snapshot, which is faster than the actual motion on the screen when projected. If the fast-moving lens is used properly, it will produce an exaggerated comedy effect. However, due to the time spent in the audience's field of vision, it is not used much. A shot shot at a speed of 24 frames per second higher than the normal speed of the camera is called slow motion, which appears on the screen in slow motion during the screening. Slow motion has special significance in film and television modeling. It can artificially "delay" the action rhythm and "extend" the action time, so that the audience can see clearly some action processes that are invisible under normal circumstances. Therefore, pudovkin called slow motion a "close-up of time", which is a way to consciously guide the audience's attention. 5. Subjective lens-As far as the impression of the lens on the audience is concerned, there are two kinds of objective lens and subjective lens. A shot described from the director's (and audience's) point of view is called an objective shot. The shot described from the perspective of the characters in the play is called subjective shot. The subjective lens regards the camera lens as the eyes of the people in the play and directly "witnesses" the scenes of other people, things and things in life. Because it represents the subjective impression of the characters on people or things in the play, with obvious subjective color, it is difficult for our audience to have an immersive and empathetic effect, so that the audience and the characters can communicate emotionally and get the same feelings.