The performance content of Mona Lisa

Mona Lisa is the earliest bust in Italy. In the painting, people sit and put their overlapping hands on the armrest of the chair, showing a complete bust from head to waist, changing the composition of early portraits that only draw the head and upper body and cut off the chest, and establishing a new basic framework for future painters and photographers.

Leonardo da vinci used the pyramid structure to put the lady in the painting simply and completely. She folded her hands together to form a corner in front of the pyramid. Her chest, neck and face are as soft as her hands. The light changes of these organic parts show the fullness and softness of the body, including the smile on it.

Sigmund freud understood this smile as the painter's sentimental nostalgia for his mother. Others describe it as childish, attractive and even ecstatic or sad. It should be pointed out that most of Leonardo's portraits at that time had such a smile.

In 2003, Margaret Livingston, a professor of neurobiology at Harvard Medical School, pointed out that the Mona Lisa looked like a smile because Leonardo da Vinci used the illusion of eyes. The center of the eye is generally sensitive to brighter areas, while the edges are sensitive to darker areas.

People generally judge smiles mainly by the morphological characteristics of lips and eyes. Da Vinci used the shadow formed by Mona Lisa's lips. When you stare at her eyes, you will not ignore her mouth and eyes, you will feel that she is smiling, while when you stare at her mouth, you will ignore her mouth and eyes, and you will feel that she is still smiling.

The mysterious Mona Lisa is not only famous for her smile, but also the eyes of the characters in the painting are quite unique. No matter which angle you look at this painting, you will find that Mona Lisa's eyes are looking straight at you, which makes people feel that Mona Lisa's eyes are alive and will swim with the audience's perspective, holding an eternal smile to all the audience.

Some scholars try to discuss why different people feel different about this smile. These theories are scientific, and some of them are based on the actual characters and feelings of Mona Lisa. Some people say that Mona Lisa's smile can only be seen by looking sideways. Others think that this kind of smile is so elusive because it takes advantage of people's visual interference.

Those who put forward the theory that Mona Lisa is the Duchess of Milan say that Mona Lisa's smile is so sad because the Duchess's life is very sad, because her husband is very powerful and an alcoholic, and he often beats her. The Duchess herself once said that she is the "most unfortunate wife" in the world.

Although the technique of this portrait is simple, the harmony between people and background makes it the most famous and meticulous painting in history. The curves of women's hair and clothes in the painting match the curves of valleys and rivers in the background. The harmony of the whole painting embodies Leonardo da Vinci's idea of the connection between man and nature, making this painting a permanent record of Leonardo da Vinci's world outlook and genius.

Behind people, a distant background extends to distant icebergs. Only winding roads and distant bridges show the existence of people. Fuzzy dividing lines, natural and unrestrained figures, obvious contrast between light and shade, and a sense of normality are all Leonardo's styles.

Mona Lisa is the first portrait of a person in an imaginary background. Interestingly, the scenery behind is not symmetrical. The scenery on the left is obviously lower than that on the right. Some critics think this shows that the left part was added later.

X-ray examination proves that there are three past versions behind the existing Mona Lisa. The deformation of the poplar floor used as a drawing board is greater than originally thought, so the repairman of the museum is considering how to keep the painting in its original state.

Extended data:

Creation background

First, the cultural background

Renaissance is a European ideological and cultural movement that prevailed from14th century to17th century. It originated in Florence in the late Middle Ages and later spread to European countries. Europe originated from the criticism of the Middle Ages under Christian rule, which produced secular values. The concept of man occupies a core position in the concepts of artists such as Leonardo da Vinci. Mona Lisa also shows the brilliance of divinity and humanity, and affirms the meaning of human existence from the natural state.

Ii. background of the draft

Before the Mona Lisa was created, there was an oil painting of Mona Lisa by Elvas: The Mona Lisa by Elvas was written by Leonardo da Vinci, and its creation time was much earlier than the Mona Lisa oil painting.

In the paintings of Mona Lisa in Elvas, the characters' faces are fresh and ruddy, and there is no trace of time. They have very similar looks, costumes, gestures and mysterious smiles to Mona Lisa, but they are younger. Some experts have also measured the Mona Lisa by carbon dating, and the results show that this painting was created in15th century. ?

Third, the creative process.

Mona Lisa oil painting: the work has gone through four creative stages: the first layer is a sketch portrait of an unknown object, from which we can see that the head, nose and hands are larger and the lips are smaller; On the second floor, leonardo da vinci covered the manuscript with a portrait with pearl hair ornaments.

The third floor is a portrait of lisa gherardini, created in 1503. Pascal thought it was the original Mona Lisa, and he thought it was "another woman's portrait". The Mona Lisa in the painting smiled and looked to the left, which was the standard portrait at that time. The fourth floor is the Mona Lisa oil painting: the face turns slightly to the right, even the eyes turn to the right.

Mona Lisa was created from 1503 to 1506. This painting was created at the turning point of leonardo da vinci's life, that is, he returned to Florence from the palace of Milan Forza, where he served for 17 years.

It is quite possible that Leonardo won the support of Machiavelli, a politician, during that time. He is mainly engaged in military engineering and uses his spare time to create paintings. After Leonardo painted the Mona Lisa, he devoted himself to the reconstruction plan of the Arno River.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Mona Lisa