Summary of Pacific Rim Military Transport Aircraft

The Yun -5 prototype1957 65438+was finalized and made its first flight in February, and was approved for mass production under the guidance of Soviet experts and drawings on February 23rd. 1958 is mass-produced by 320 factory. In that year, 90 aircraft were produced, and 728 aircraft were produced by * * *, of which 78 were foreign aid, and the continuous production reached 10 year. 1May, 970, Yun -5 was transferred to Shijiazhuang Hongxing Machinery Factory to continue production. During the mass production of 320 Factory 10, according to the different requirements put forward by civil aviation, air force and navy, a variety of improved and modified machines were developed one after another. 1958 agricultural machinery was copied according to Soviet data, and trial-produced and put into mass production in the same year. In production, the problem of high cabin temperature in summer has been solved, which basically meets the requirements of the south. It was widely welcomed in the vast agricultural forest areas in the north and south of the Yangtze River, and was later named Yun -5 B, with 229 production and delivery. 1958 modified and designed five passenger planes, which were successfully trial-produced in the same year, and most of them were used in the air force. Later, according to the requirements of civil aviation, the passenger plane was changed to 1 1. The trial production was successful in the second year. 1959 two passenger planes were identified and put into mass production. It was later named Yun -5A. * * * 1 14 aircraft is produced and delivered for local civil aviation routes. 1958, in order to train pilots and bombers, the air force put forward tactical and technical requirements for modifying pilots to bomb trainers. According to this, the 320 factory was modified and designed, and four were modified and delivered in the same year. After that, the design was modified three times according to users' opinions, and the trial production of 1962 was successful. It was appraised and put into production in June, named Yun -5 D, * * * production delivery 1 16. 1960 In August, a 7-seat special plane was modified and designed, which was prepared as a national gift to President Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam, and the modification work was completed that month. 1960, 1 The artificial rainfall machine was modified and designed according to the requirements of civil aviation, and was tested in Qingyunpu Scenic Resort scenic spot. From 196 1 year1kloc-0/month, a special plane for the king of Nepal and two special planes for ministers were presented. After trial production, it was collected and shipped abroad in May 1962 and April 1963 respectively. 1964, according to the requirements of the navy, two seaplanes were modified by using Soviet aluminum alloy structural buoys, and the test flight was successful in Qingdao in the same year. In 1966, three more were refitted and named Yun -5 C. From 1965, the 320 Factory designed the glass fiber reinforced plastic pontoons by itself, and completed the development, installation and test flight in 1967. After passing the appraisal, six pontoons were delivered for naval production. 1965 modified and designed a special camera for photography, but it was not put into production.

The domestic piston -5 engine used in Yun -5.

There is a ventilation and heating device in Yun -5 cabin, which can heat the windshield and prevent icing. Both sides of the hatch cover protrude from the fuselage, and the downward view is good. The cargo floor with mooring ring can bear the concentrated load of 1500 kg. Simple seats with 10 on both sides and four 320mm round windows on the wall. On the left, there is a large cargo door between the frames 1 1 and 15, which is equipped with passenger boarding gates. keep

Another important modification is the Yun -5B model. By March 28th 1995, Shijiazhuang Aircraft Manufacturing Company had delivered 12 Yun -5B multi-purpose aircraft to China Civil Aviation Northern Airlines and China Eastern Airlines Group. Yun -5B aircraft is an improved version of Yun -5N aircraft, which maintains the overall aerodynamic layout of Yun -5, improves the internal structure and equipment of the aircraft, and meets the airworthiness standard of CCAR-23 of China Civil Aviation. The engine room is equipped with a new environmental control system and sealed doors. Improvement of some electronic equipment and instruments. Yun -5B was replaced with ASz-62IR piston engine imported from Poland, with a power of 735kW (1000 HP). Type B adopts anti-corrosion structure and new task equipment, including large medicine box (or water tank) with emergency throwing ability, large flow pneumatic pump and spraying devices of various specifications. The pressure spray system is composed of large-flow pneumatic pump and nozzles of various specifications. The seeder has a large volume and an emergency feeding device, which improves the efficiency and economy of agricultural and forestry operations. Yun -5B aircraft is equipped with imported engines, and communication navigation and some equipment are updated to improve reliability and attendance. At the same time, the empty weight is reduced and the commercial load is increased. After dismantling the agricultural and forestry equipment, it can be converted into a comfortable 12 passenger plane, and can also be used for geophysical exploration, aerial photography, rescue and skydiving.

Yun -5B has many minor changes. Yun -5B(K) tourist passenger plane was provided to type certificate on 1995+0 and has been put into use.

Considering the actual situation in China, Yun -5B(D) multi-purpose model was improved by the standard of Yun -5B (D) multi-purpose model from the production of the third batch of Yun-5B. Appropriate equipment can be used as tourist passenger plane when idle, and can be changed back to agricultural plane for agricultural operation when busy. The conversion between the two is simple. It has been put into use recently.

The Yun -5 parachuting plane currently used by the army still uses old electronic equipment, which has a long service time and is difficult to meet the needs. 1995, the Yun -5B skydiving model was developed through consultation between the Air Force, the Eighth Research Institute of the Air Force and Nanchang Aircraft Company. The parachute type basically adopts -5B series electronic equipment, and some equipment is changed to domestic equipment; Install GPS and flash; Replace it with a non-slip floor and spread it with non-slip rubber; Redesign paratroopers' seats, ropes, indicator lights, altimeters, speedometers and handrails. The wingtip sail is installed at the wingtip to improve the climbing performance of the aircraft. Recently delivered to the army.

Shijiazhuang Aircraft Manufacturing Company plans to improve Yun -5B in the next step, including increasing engine horsepower and comprehensively improving the flight performance of the aircraft; Continue to improve the wingtip sail scheme to improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the aircraft; Replace the engine with a turboprop engine and adopt the upper wing layout. This can greatly improve the performance of the aircraft. The company will also set up an aircraft overhaul factory and an imported electronic equipment maintenance center to facilitate user maintenance.

Basic technical data: Span: 18. 176m Captain: 12.688m Height: 5.35m Maximum takeoff weight: 5,250kg Maximum load: 1.500kg Maximum speed: 256km/h Range: 8,400 km/h. 250kg cruise speed: 160km/h ceiling: 4,500m climb rate: 2m/s takeoff distance: 180m landing distance: 157m.

Yun -7 is a medium and short-range twin-engine boiler propeller conveyor developed and produced by China on the basis of An -24 model of the former Soviet Union. Yun -7 is a twin-engine turboprop regional aircraft developed and produced by Xi 'an Aircraft Industry Company. 1970 made its first flight to the sky on February 25th.

1in April, 1966, Xifei Company officially launched the task of reverse imitation of An -24 introduced and developed in the 1970s. After the first flight of the first prototype, the aircraft design finalization appraisal was organized twice in 1977 and 1979. At that time, some airborne finished products had not been finalized, and several flight test subjects had not been tested, so the state did not approve the design finalization. At the same time, civil aviation users clearly pointed out that the prototype engine power is insufficient. Under the condition of high temperature and plateau in some parts of China, the take-off weight of aircraft is limited and the commercial load is greatly reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the engine power problem, complete the appraisal flight test of single takeoff and landing and the supplementary static test of fuselage structure.

Yun -7- 100 is the first major modification of Yun -7, and the partner includes Hong Kong HAECO Company. The main improvements include refitting electronic equipment, air conditioning system, interior decoration, installing winglets at wing tips and adding stall warning systems. The cockpit was changed to a three-person system, and the number of passengers increased to 52. 100 can meet the requirements of takeoff, navigation and landing under complex meteorological conditions. 1April 23, 987, Yun -7- 100 made its first flight on the Shenyang-Pyongyang international route.

Yun -7-200A aircraft inherited the safety of the original Yun -7 aircraft, and at the same time carried out a brand-new design, widely absorbed the advanced aviation technology in the contemporary world, and adopted a large number of advanced products with mature foreign technology. This aircraft has been redesigned in design technology, structural layout and main airborne equipment, and has made significant improvements in engine, navigation and communication equipment, automatic flight control system, driving system and cockpit layout. This model made its first flight in 1993. 1On May 5, 1998, Yun -7-200A was awarded type certificate by the General Administration of Civil Aviation of China as a new generation regional aircraft. This is the first time that a domestic civil airliner has been certified as a qualified aircraft in strict accordance with the provisions of CCAR-25, a civil aviation regulation of China that is in line with international standards.

The nose of Yun -7-200A has been redesigned. The fuselage length is longer than Yun -7- 100/m, and the passenger capacity is increased to 56-60 people, which improves the transportation volume and ride comfort of the aircraft. The power plant adopts PW 127C three-axis free turbine engine with high efficiency and low fuel consumption produced by Pratt & Whitney Canada and 247F-3 four-blade composite propeller with high efficiency and low noise produced by Hamilton Company of the United States, which is the same as that of foreign advanced regional aircraft. Compared with Yun -7- 100 aircraft, the fuel consumption is reduced by 30% and the noise level is obviously reduced, which greatly improves the economy and comfort of the aircraft. The foreign advanced auxiliary power unit-APU installed on the aircraft enables the aircraft to have the ability of ground air conditioning and ground self-starting engine, which improves the comfort and airport adaptability. Redesign the cockpit, so that the flight crew changed from the five-person driving system of Yun -7- 100 to the two-person driving system, which greatly reduced the operating cost. Yun -7200A aircraft adopts many first-class electronic airborne equipment, and its maneuverability is in line with international advanced aircraft, so it can be used as a trainer for large aircraft. Advanced airborne equipment can perform flight tasks in bad weather conditions, which improves the attendance rate and economy. Yun -7-200A aircraft has also carried out drag reduction, weight reduction and optimization design in many aspects. Advanced technology and raw materials were adopted, which reduced the structural weight by 65,438+000 kg, effectively increased the commercial load and improved the economy.

Yun -7 -7-200A-A aircraft has strong competitiveness in addition to flying branch lines, such as business jets, multi-purpose aircraft or tourist charter flights with special requirements on route distance, ground equipment and airport conditions. In addition, Yun -7-200A aircraft can also become an excellent training machine for modern civil aviation pilots.

Yun -7-200A has a captain of 24.708m, a height of 8.853m, a wingspan of 29.2m, an empty weight 13700kg, a maximum takeoff weight of 2 1800kg, a maximum commercial load of 5,500kg, a cruising speed of 456km/h and a full range/kloc-. Take-off distance 1 1 19m and landing distance 1368m. There are two PW- 127b engines, two drivers and 56 passengers.

Yun -7-200B is an improved version of 200A, which made its first flight on 1990165438+1October 28th. The machine lengthens the fuselage and increases the cargo hold capacity; Wing modification; Replaced the airborne electronic equipment. The captain is 24.448 meters, the aircraft height is 8.548 meters, the wingspan is 29.2 meters, the empty weight is 14500 kg, the maximum takeoff weight is 2 1800 kg, the maximum commercial load is 5000 kg, the cruising speed is 470 km/h, the whole range is 700 km, and the whole range is (5 tons)/kloc. There are 3 drivers and 52 passengers. The turboprop -5E was jointly developed by Shenyang Aero-Engine Research Institute, Harbin Dongan Engine Manufacturing Company and American General Electric Company.

Yun -7-H500 is a medium-range transport aircraft based on Yun -7- 100 passenger plane, and its rear fuselage is based on Soviet-made An -26 aircraft. It made its first flight at the end of 1989. As An -26 is a military model, it can be judged that H-500 is actually a military model Yun -7 of China. Three-person crew, fully enclosed cargo hold, equipped with new communication and navigation electronic equipment and autopilot, has strong runway adaptability, all-weather capability and full-load take-off capability at high temperature and high altitude. The aircraft has good stability and maneuverability, which fully meets the requirements of regional air transport. The main improvements are as follows: the aerodynamic layout is the same as the basic model, the engine adopts a single turboprop -5E engine with a maximum power of 3,050 HP, and the left engine adds a turbojet engine PY 19A-300 with a thrust of 900 kg as an auxiliary power unit; The rear fuselage has cargo doors that can be automatically closed (closed, horizontally loaded and unloaded and completely lowered), electric winch system and hydraulic transmission device, which can be used for carrying equipment, goods, rescue and airdrop.

The main performance of Yun -7 military model is basically the same as that of Yun -7H-500 cargo plane.

Xinzhou 60 passenger plane is the latest model of Yun -7 civil aircraft, based on Yun -7200. Some of them use the world's advanced aviation technology and finished products. Is the power plant in Canada? The service life of PW- 127J free turbine turboprop engine of Hui Company is 40,000 hours, and the first overhaul time is 7,000 hours. The reduction of fuel consumption makes the fuel consumption cost per seat in xinzhou 60 close to the international advanced level. Hamilton 247F-3 all-composite four-blade propeller is adopted, with high efficiency and low noise. It is equipped with a two-person driving system and APS-85 autopilot system of Collins Company of the United States, which has the ability of flight guidance and autopilot, and can meet the requirements of Class II blind descent. The APU auxiliary power unit of Garrett Company of the United States was installed to provide the aircraft with ground air conditioning and the ability to start the engine on the ground. With airbag deicing system, the electrical system has more than 50% power supply margin, which can save electricity for a long time. Hey? Fear? Hey? Capsule? The oil conveying system of high efficiency and light weight jet pump is carried by frog H and low nest. The landing gear adopts electronic anti-skid braking system and tubeless wheels, which shortens the sliding distance and reduces the weight by 170kg compared with the domestic Yun -7 aircraft. In addition, it also has the ability to reverse the car on the ground. There are 50 to 60 seats, and the commercial load is 5.5 tons. The unit cost is reduced and the carrying capacity is improved. Small airtight countersunk head rivets are used outside, which has good aerodynamic performance. The adoption of advanced concealed antenna has completely changed the image of rough appearance of domestic aircraft. The cabin section of the fuselage has been lengthened, and the passenger capacity of the aircraft has increased to 56-60 people. The vertical tail is heightened and the horizontal tail is lengthened along the spanwise direction, which improves the stability, longitudinal direction and heading of the aircraft and improves the driving quality. According to the requirements of CCAR-25, the cabin emergency exit is added according to the requirements of Type III. The nose has been modified to expand the view of the cockpit.

Recently, Xifei Company introduced Yun -7G model, which has passed the technical appraisal and will soon be introduced to the market. But the specific situation has not yet been reported. This Sinotrans -7 will use composite vertical tail in the future.

On March 1 2006, Yun -7 completed the verification flight test project. The development of Yun -7 long-range aircraft began in July 1998 and made its first flight on February 25th. The modification adopted the mature technologies of Bao Fei, Yun -7 freighter, Shuibang -5 and Xinzhou-60 aircraft. In aerodynamic shape, the shear wing tip is installed to reduce induced drag, improve lift-drag ratio, and greatly improve takeoff weight limit, single engine ceiling and range. Two 800-liter or 1400-liter auxiliary fuel tanks can be hung under the wing, and the oil load is increased from 4.7 tons to 7.5 tons. The turboprop -5E engine with low fuel consumption and long service life and the J 16AG 10A propeller with high efficiency and low noise are adopted. The maximum cruising time of the aircraft is increased from 5 hours to 10 hour, and the cruising range with full fuel reaches 4000 kilometers. Yun -7 long-endurance aircraft can become a multi-purpose aircraft, which can perform special business jets, coastal warning, early warning, border patrol, maritime search and rescue, pollution monitoring, anti-smuggling, maritime transport escort, patrol anti-submarine and other tasks.

Captain 24.3 1m, aircraft height 8.89 1m, wingspan 29.2m, maximum takeoff weight 24,000kg, maximum commercial load 5,500kg, cruising speed 8500m/h, full range 6 14km (5t), full range/.

Yun -8 is a four-engine turboprop medium-range multi-purpose transport aircraft developed by China Shaanxi Aircraft Manufacturing Company. 1969 was designed by Xi' an aircraft industry company, and three aircraft were put into production on 197 1. The first flight of 0 1 was successful1974+February 25th, and then the static test was carried out with this aircraft. At the same time, Xi 'an Aircraft Industry Company transferred the bulk parts, technical data and some special process equipment of Yun -8 No.02 and No.03 aircraft to Shaanxi Aircraft Manufacturing Company for further trial production. No.02 and No.03 were successfully tested in 1975, 65438+February and 1977, 65438+1October respectively. 1980 1 after the design is approved and finalized by the state, it will be transferred to small batch production.

Yun -8 aircraft has a wide range of uses, including airdrop, airborne, air transport, life-saving and offshore operations.

Used for air transport: 20 tons of bulk cargo or 16 tons of container cargo can be loaded at one time; Can load two Jiefang trucks at the same time; It can load 4 international standard A-type containers, 4 M-type containers or 2 G-type containers at a time; The helicopter can be carried with a little modification. It is an ideal tool for handling large equipment, containers, precision instruments, electronic products, fresh food and fragile items such as glass and ceramics.

Used for airdrop: food, medical supplies, jeeps, medium-sized trucks and weapons and ammunition can be safely airdropped. You can throw one piece at a time, or you can throw more pieces. What is the maximum weight of each airdrop yarn? .4 tons, the whole aircraft can airdrop materials with total weight 13.2 tons.

Used for airborne or airborne: 82 paratroopers can perform emergency tasks such as emergency rescue, disaster relief and fire fighting by airborne or airborne.

Used for lifesaving: it can undertake the task of transporting the wounded, and can transport 60 seriously wounded, 23 lightly wounded and 3 random medical personnel at a time.

Yun -8 aircraft plays an important role in many fields of national defense construction and national economic construction in China. 1985 won the first prize of national scientific and technological progress.

The price of Yun -8 is 65438+ 0/3 of the price of the same level transport aircraft in the international market. Some countries have been interested in buying Yun -8 aircraft, and by 1993, seven have been exported.

Yun -8 aircraft currently has the following types:

Yun -8 is a basic and typical military transport aircraft, which has all kinds of characteristics of tactical transport aircraft. At the rear is a closed cabin with two self-defense guns and a Sagittarius.

Yun -8X maritime patrol aircraft, modified on the basic model.

Yun -8A helicopter carrier is modified from the basic type.

Yun -8C airtight cabin type, 1985 completed the scheme demonstration. 1990 65438+first flight in February,1992 65438+design finalized in February.

Yun -8D civil export type.

The model 1985 of Yun -8 cargo plane was modified according to the ordering requirements of Beijing Longteng Cargo Airlines, which reduced the weight of 1700 kg compared with the basic empty model, thus increasing the cargo capacity or increasing the voyage.

design feature

Single-wing double-beam box structure on the upper part of wing plane trapezoidal cantilever. The airfoil part is a low-drag laminar airfoil. The wing consists of a central wing, an outer wing and an outer wing. The installation angle of the wing is 4, the dihedral angle of the outer wing is1(relative to the central wing), and the dihedral angle of the outer wing is 3 (relative to the outer wing), which is in the shape of "seagull", so that the aircraft still has good dynamic quality in the bumpy airflow. The high-lift device adopts double-slit rear flap. Outside the flap is the differential aileron. There are 26 soft fuel tanks between the front and rear beams of the inner and outer wings, and the inner and outer wings are structurally integrated fuel tanks.

All-metal semi-hard shell structure of fuselage. It is divided into four sections: front, middle, back and tail. The front part is divided into two parts. The first half is the cockpit, with seats for pilot, co-pilot, navigator, communicator and air mechanic. The crew included six tail gun shooters. The second half is the escort cabin, which can take 14 random personnel. The nose mask is made of plexiglass. The whole front section is sealed. The middle section is the cargo hold, and there are front and rear auxiliary fuel tanks under the floor. The upper part of the cargo hold is equipped with a crane with a lifting capacity of 2300 kg, which is convenient for loading and unloading goods. The total volume of the cargo hold is 123.3m3 .. The rear section is in front of the cargo hold door, and the rear section is connected with the tail wing. The tail is also a sealed cabin with Sagittarius.

Tail is a common trapezoidal tail, and the rudder surface is manually controlled, but it has large axial compensation adjustment parts and follow-up compensation parts.

Arrange the landing gear at the first three points. The nose landing gear has two wheels, which can rotate 35 degrees from left to right, and will be put back into the nose landing gear cabin after taking off. The main landing gear is divided into left and right groups, each group has four wheels, and each wheel has a hydraulic brake device. After taking off, it will enter the fuselage inward. 10 wheels are all low-pressure tires, which can take off and land on airstrips, grass and gravel.

The power plant is equipped with four WJ-6 turboprop engines and J 17-G 13 propellers, which have the functions of automatic feathering and automatic pitch change. The maximum power of a single unit is 3 120kW (4250 equivalent horsepower).

The hydraulic system of the system consists of two independent systems, an electric pump and a hand pump. The two systems work independently and can be connected through a communication switch, which is a backup for each other. The working pressure of the left system is152×105 pa (155 kg/cm2), and that of the right system is147×105 pa (150 kg/cm2). When the hydraulic oil leaks due to faults in the air, the fuel on board can also be used to replace the hydraulic oil.

The power supply system includes DC power supply, AC power supply and backup battery.

Aviation equipment in the closed cabin can automatically maintain the pressure, temperature and good ventilation in the cabin, and automatically control the cabin temperature within the range of 16 ~ 26℃. The cargo hold of the aircraft is not airtight, but it is equipped with hot air heating and low-altitude ventilation equipment. When the outdoor temperature is 0℃ in winter, the cargo hold can be kept above 10℃.

The oxygen system is divided into sealed cabin and unsealed cabin. The gaseous oxygen source is stored in a glass fiber reinforced plastic gas cylinder with a total volume of 8 10L and a pressure of147×105pa (150kg/cm2). It can be used by 102 people for 3 hours 10 minute.

The fuel system consists of oil supply, pressure refueling and ventilation. Anti-icing system can be divided into hot air anti-icing and electric heating anti-icing. The leading edge of the wing and the intake of the engine adopt hot air to prevent ice, and the leading edge of the tail, the leading edge of the propeller and the windshield adopt electric heating to prevent ice.

Airborne communication equipment includes DS-3, DF-2 shortwave radio, JDT-/KLOC-0 shortwave single sideband radio, CT-3 ultrashort wave radio, JT-6A walkie-talkie, etc. The navigation system is a Doppler navigation system, which consists of HZX- 1 heading and attitude system, BXW-2 turn indicator, ZDP- 1 horizon indicator and KJ-6C autopilot. There are WL-7 radio compass, WG-3 radio altimeter and XS-6 beacon receiver for long-distance navigation. The HL-3 autopilot can control the plane to fly along a predetermined route through the autopilot. DPL- 1 Doppler radar and HAL-2 navigation radar can be used together with HL-3, HZX- 1 and WL-7 to ensure the safety of day and night flight. There are WJ-2A tail protector and WD3 IFF.

When Yun -8 aircraft transports goods, it is equipped with two electric winches, each with a pulling force of 15 tons, which can drag large goods into the cargo hold. There is a 2.3-ton beam crane on board, which can put small and medium-sized goods anywhere in the cargo hold; Jiefang brand trucks can reach the cargo hold directly from the random cargo bridge (two trucks can be loaded at the same time). There is a mooring device on the floor of the cargo hold to ensure that the loaded goods will not move relatively during the flight. When used for airdropping, platforms of 1, 2, 4 and 6 meters can be airdropped, and the maximum weight of airdropped parts is 7.4 tons. The machine is equipped with roller device and side guide rail to ensure that the unloading time of the conveying platform does not exceed 6 seconds. When Yun -8 aircraft is used to transport people, paratroopers' seats can be quickly installed in the cargo hold, which can take 96 fully armed soldiers. The aircraft is also equipped with parachute equipment such as parachute ropes, which can parachute 82 paratroopers at a time. If it is used to transport the wounded, 60 stretchers can be installed in the cargo hold, which can transport 60 seriously wounded and 23 lightly wounded at a time, and can also carry 3 medical staff.

Technical data outline dimensions: wingspan 38.0m, length 4.92m, height 1 1. 16m, aspect ratio 1 1.85, wing area121.85. Width 3.0 ~ 3.5m and height 2.4 ~ 2.6m Weight data Maximum takeoff weight 6 1000kg Maximum landing weight 58000kg Empty weight 35488kg Maximum fuel load 22909kg Maximum payload 20000kg Performance data Maximum horizontal flight speed 662km/h Minimum flight speed 248km/h Cruise speed 550km/h Take-off speed 238km/h.