Fusui border: this small street once became a national benchmark.

The name "Fusuijing" is not mentioned much now, but in the fifties and sixties, Fusuijing Street or Fusuijing People's Commune was a famous name in Beijing. Fusui Street is located in the north of Xicheng District. From Xizhimen Inner Street in the north to Fuchengmen Inner Street in the south, Xinjiekou South Street and Xisi North Street in the east and Fuchengmen and Xizhimen in the west. Lion Hutong in Guanyuan area under its jurisdiction was built by Shi Tianfu in Yuan Dynasty. In the eighth year of Xuande in the Ming Dynasty (1433), the Chaotian Palace was built in the former site of Tianshi House, which was dedicated to the etiquette drills of the court officials, and was also a place for Taoist priests to practice and meet literati. Before 1949, Fusui Border Region was called "Northwest Poor Area". During the period of 1958, on the first day of New Year's Day, Fusui residents guarded the streets and lanes, and each street was swept twice. Photo by Feng Wengang 1958, Dr. Chen Qingtang from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Medical College went deep into the fire temple of Baita Temple in Xicheng District with a microscope, and showed the dysentery germs to street residents with a microscope with magnification of 1000 times. Photo by Feng Wengang Lu Xun Museum is located at No.2 Gate 19, Fuchengmennei Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, and officially opened in June 1956+ 10/9. 1959, the audience visited Lu Xun Museum. During the period of 1960, the female workers in Beijing Fusuijing People's Commune Lighting Factory used their spare time to learn Chinese Pinyin in groups of three or five. Feng Wengang's photo of Fusui was originally named "Bitter Well". Later, a * * * official bought a house here. The name "Bitter Well" was so ugly that it was renamed "Land of Fusui", which means a place of peace and happiness. Although the name has been changed, the environment here is still very poor. Before liberation, there were four big cesspits near here, and garbage piled up like mountains. In summer, mosquitoes and flies swarm, the wind blows the loess, it rains and the ground is muddy. Residents still live in low and dilapidated dangerous houses. There are even so-called "three-jump pit" houses whose yards are lower than alleys and houses are lower than yards. When it rains, the accumulated water on the road will flow backwards into the house. 1960, Zhang Shuzhen, a waitress in the former public library service station of Fusuijing Commune in Xicheng District, is also a health worker. She handles trauma accidents for chefs in street canteens. Photo by Feng Wengang 1960, members of the Amateur Art Troupe of Fusuijing People's Commune in Xicheng District performed their own cultural programs. Gao Hongshe 196 1 year, the female workers of Fusuijing People's Commune Optical Instrument Factory are checking the first batch of patterned lenses that have just been polished. After the founding of New China, Beijing launched a campaign to clean the ancient city. Under the leadership of the street, the residents of Fusui have cleaned up the manure field, removed the garbage mountain, renovated the road and installed running water. By 1958, the "four evils" have been eliminated and become "four borderless". To this end, the Central News Film Studio also specially filmed a documentary film-"A Side Street" for Fusui, specifically promoting Fusui's experience to the whole country. The old man Long, who participated in the compilation of the Street Records of Fusui, told reporters that there was still a proverb circulating at that time: the whole country looked at Beijing, Beijing looked at Xicheng, and Xicheng looked at Fusui. From 65438 to 0959, Fusuijing Street took the lead in opening the prelude of "organizing people's economic life". Long Linde remembers that the slogan put forward at that time was: "Nurseries, service agencies, factories and canteens are in groups." "196 1, the newly added products of Hongqi Binding Factory of Fusuijing People's Commune are twelve open-book stationery and eighteen open-book stationery. Photo taken by Li Xi 196 1 year, children are playing games in Cui Hua Hutong Kindergarten of Fusuijing Commune. Gao Hongshe 196 1 year, Ma, a leading cadre of the Party Committee and director of the Women's Committee of the paper mill of Fusuijing Commune, went deep into the families of female employees to learn about their life during maternity leave. Photo by Feng Wengang 1960 or so, the Fusui Economic Building, known as the commune building, started construction. Fusui Jinglou has a building area of 23,000 square meters, with residential buildings 189 sets and single dormitory 1 room. Fusuijing Building has the most complete public facilities, including canteen, kindergarten, canteen and public bathroom. According to Zhang, a retired engineer in charge of the construction drawing design of Fusui Building in Beijing Architectural Design and Research Institute, he made many changes on the original basis when drawing the construction drawing of Fusui Building. Fusui Jinglou, formerly known as the North House of Lu Xun Memorial Hall, is the common name of the people. Zhang remembers that when it was originally designed, Fusui Jinglou was U-shaped, and the parts facing east and south were ordinary houses. The annex building facing west, the first and second floors are kindergartens, and the third to eighth floors are single dormitories. The main apartment of the building is two bedrooms, including a bedroom, a living room, a bathroom and a balcony. Zhang Dui said, "This apartment is designed for couples and there is no place for children to live. The children were sent to the kindergarten in the building. When I was young, I was managed by kindergartens on the first and second floors. At school, they live in a single dormitory above the kindergarten. "At that time, the daily work and life of the workers were fully arranged, and three meals a day were solved in the unit canteen. After work at six o'clock every night, I have to have a two-hour life meeting, read newspapers, talk about current affairs, learn business, participate in party activities ... and often have no rest on weekends. In this way, the children will be left unattended. Especially for families with two employees, it is even more troublesome. If only there were a kindergarten at home. This idea was finally realized when the Fusuijing Building was completed. The west annex of the building has designed a kindergarten which can accommodate 200 children. Not only that, the single dormitory upstairs even takes care of school children. Exterior view of Fusui Jinglou. Fang Fei photographed the Fusui border defense building facing the ancient white pagoda from a distance. Fang Fei took photos of the height limit in the Second Ring Road. It is said that the Fusuijing Building was criticized for its huge scale after its completion. Today, we can still see the appearance of single houses from the pattern of the west annex of Fusui Jinglou. In the middle aisle, there are two single rooms, the public water room and toilet are located in the corridor, and there is a big activity room. It is completely designed according to the student dormitory. According to Aunt Liu, an old resident of Fusui Jinglou, the kindergarten became the only remaining public facility in the building, and it was not demolished until SARS in 2003. Why did the Fusui Scenic Building built later not adopt the U-shape in the original design, but become an N-shape with a strange shape? Zhang said: "Although the U-shaped building faces south, the east and west annex buildings block each other, and no one can see the sun." So when I was drawing the construction drawing, I broke off a' leg' of the building and turned it into an N-shape. In this way, no one will get in the way. In addition to changing the overall shape of the building, the internal structure has also been adjusted. The public canteen originally located on the top floor of the building was moved to the first floor, which not only facilitated the residents in the building to eat, but also opened the canteen to the public. What should residents do if they can't get used to the canteen? Zhang has set up a public kitchen on each floor, separating every household so that residents can make a fire and cook here. In addition to residents, there are many service facilities on the first floor of the building, such as small shops, barbershops, public toilets and public bathrooms ... ""Although every toilet has room for a bathtub, if someone is too lazy to boil water by himself, they can take a bath in the public bathroom. The hot water there is burned by a large boiler outside the building. "Fusui Beijing building is basically empty. Fang Fei took the mailbox to the first floor. Two years before Fang Fei was filmed, there was a domestic horror film "Mysterious Eighth Floor", and the douban score was only 2.6. Taking Fusui Jinglou as the background, the exploration activities of Fusui Jinglou were immediately ignited. Many young people come to explore after watching movies. In fact, this building was emptied as early as 2004. Some experts believe that the buildings of Fusui Jing are obviously higher than Baita Temple, which affects the style of Baita Temple and should be demolished. However, Xu Jiahe, former editor-in-chief of Architectural Technology magazine, believes that Fusui Jinglou was built in the 1960s. Although it can't be compared with the "Top Ten Buildings" of the same period, it is also a landmark building of that special era and should be preserved. In the end, Xicheng District listened to the opinions of experts and kept the Fusui Classic Building. At the end of 2007, the Beijing Municipal Planning Commission and the Municipal Bureau of Cultural Heritage jointly published the Catalogue of Excellent Modern Buildings in Beijing (the first batch), stipulating that these buildings should not be demolished in principle, and the site selection of construction projects should be avoided. Fusui Jinglou is also among them. Xu Jiahe told reporters that the historical process of a city should include not only ancient buildings and modern buildings, but also modern buildings. Only by retaining different styles of buildings and remains in different historical periods can a city maintain its historical culture and complete historical memory. Source: Beijing Daily? Map of Old Beijing Author: Huang Jiajia Photography: Beijing Daily Photo Gallery Process Editor: Hongyuan Garden