How to use exposure compensation? Under what circumstances are they used respectively?

Generally speaking, in a white environment, the photometry is low and needs to be increased, and vice versa.

A. When the shooting environment is dark and it is necessary to increase the brightness, and the flash can't work, exposure compensation can be carried out to appropriately increase the exposure.

B. When the photographed white object looks gray or not white enough in the photo, the exposure should be increased. Simply put, the whiter the more, which seems to run counter to the basic principles and habits of exposure. Actually, it is not. This is because the camera's photometry often focuses on the central subject, and the white subject will make the camera mistakenly think that the environment is very bright, so it is underexposed, which is also a common problem that most beginners are prone to make.

C, when you shoot in front of a bright background, such as in front of a sunny window, in front of a backlit scenery, etc. , increase exposure or use flash.

D. When there is a beach, snow, sunny day or white background in front of you, increase the exposure and use the flash, otherwise the subject will be very dark.

E. When shooting a snow scene, the background light is strongly reflected by the snow, and the photometric deviation of the camera is particularly large. Increase the exposure at this time, or the snow will turn gray.

F, shooting black objects, when you look at the color change and gray in the photo, you should reduce the exposure to make the black more pure.

G, when shooting in front of a black background, it is also necessary to reduce the exposure to avoid overexposure of the subject.

(Night shooting needs to increase exposure compensation to get enough exposure)

H, shooting at night, to turn off the flash, improve the exposure value, extend the camera exposure time, in order to achieve gorgeous results, which is particularly important for automatic digital cameras without manual adjustment mode. Many people who use digital cameras feel that their night shooting ability is very poor. In fact, one of the important reasons is that they didn't use the camera exposure method correctly.

First, when it is cloudy and foggy, the environment is still bright, but the actual object illumination is obviously insufficient. Without exposure compensation, the photo may be dim. Appropriate exposure compensation, plus 0.3 to 0.7, can make the brightness of the scene more natural. J. In some artistic photography, such as taking high-profile photos, it is necessary to increase exposure compensation to form photos with great contrast and better express the author's shooting intention. Similarly, in some cases, if it is necessary to deliberately reduce the brightness of photos, the exposure compensation should also be reduced. Being good at applying and reasonably using exposure compensation can greatly improve the success rate of your photographic works, and take photos with clear pictures, appropriate brightness and comfortable viewing, thus improving the shooting quality.

If the summary is incomplete, please add it.

4. What is the purpose of opening the grid lines on the screen? (also on composition)

In addition to the above attention to the composition of gold dots, we should also pay attention to the following points:

A, avoid straight lines running through both sides, especially avoid dividing the photo into two parts, which run through horizontal or vertical lines.

B, the treatment of vision. The horizon often appears in landscape works. In order to avoid the effect of dividing up and down, try to break the flatness of the horizon, such as using clouds, distant mountains, sunrises, sunsets or other buildings. In addition, the position of the horizon should also be arranged on the dividing line of the center of interest, and it should be kept horizontal (special creativity is another matter).

C, shooting moving objects should leave a certain space before the movement. When the subject is moving, the viewer's eyes will habitually move in the direction of the subject's movement. If there is no space in front of the movement, it will give people a sense of oppression. In addition, usually the direction of the subject's gaze should also leave a relatively large space.

B, visual balance A photo with a balanced composition can give people a sense of stability and coordination. There are two kinds of balance: symmetric balance and asymmetric balance. Asymmetric balanced combinations are usually more dynamic than symmetric balanced combinations. The size, shape, weight and direction of the scene, as well as the color, have an important influence on the visual balance.

C the contrast between reality and reality refers to the clarity and ambiguity between the subject and the foreground and background of the space. The technique used is nothing more than hiding the virtual and showing the real, alternating the virtual and the real, and supporting the real with the virtual. Its purpose is to highlight the main body, render the atmosphere and enhance the sense of space depth. Reality mainly represents the subject of the subject; Imagination is mainly to show the subject's companions to set off the subject, which is an important link in the artistic conception of the picture. Pay attention to the composition of rhythm and melody photography, and the subjects appear alternately in the same or similar form and repeat in order, thus forming rhythm; If the rhythm shows dynamic changes such as lines, comfort, harmony and ups and downs, it becomes a melody, thus making the picture beautiful, lyrical and smooth. Rhythm and melody are important links to deepen the theme, which are included in the contrast and tone of lines, colors and light. D, line use line is the skeleton of composition. Any visual work is inseparable from lines. There are usually trees, grass, telephone poles, rivers, waves and so on. Different lines can give people different visual images, for example, horizontal lines can express stability and tranquility, vertical lines can express solemnity and strength, diagonal lines have vitality, vitality and movement, and curves and wavy lines appear weak, leisurely and attractive; Thick line is heavy, thin line is light, thick line is strong, thin line is weak, solid line is static and dotted line is moving, which can be used flexibly in composition.