How big is the X-ray radiation?

X-ray examination is widely used, and more and more people are exposed to X-rays. Therefore, protection should be paid attention to in X-ray inspection. We should understand the significance, methods and measures of radiation protection. First, the significance of radiation protection X-rays penetrating the human body will have certain biological effects. If the X-ray exposure is too much, which exceeds the allowable exposure, radiation reaction may occur, and even a certain degree of radiation damage may occur. However, if the X-ray exposure is within the allowable range, it generally has little effect. Therefore, we should not have doubts or fears about X-ray examination, but should emphasize and attach importance to protection, such as controlling the exposure in X-ray examination and taking effective protective measures, using X-ray examination safely and reasonably, avoiding unnecessary X-ray irradiation as much as possible, and protecting the health of workers. In recent twenty or thirty years, due to the improvement of X-ray equipment, the use of high-voltage technology, image enhancement technology, high-speed intensifying screen and fast X-ray photographic film, the exposure time of X-rays has been obviously shortened, and the possibility of radiation damage has become less and less. But it should not be taken lightly, especially pregnant women, children and workers who have been exposed to radiation for a long time. In recent years, interventional radiology has been developed more and more, so radiation protection should be paid attention to. Second, the methods and measures of radiation protection technology can adopt the principles of shielding protection and distance protection. The former uses substances with higher atomic number, usually lead or lead-containing substances as barriers to absorb unnecessary X-rays. The latter uses the principle that the X-ray exposure is inversely proportional to the square of the distance to reduce the exposure by increasing the distance between the X-ray source and the human body. X-rays emitted from X-ray tube to human body can be divided into two types: primary emission rays and secondary rays. The latter occurs when the former irradiates and penetrates other substances, and its energy is less than the former, so it has a greater impact. X-ray tube and shell, shading tube and aperture, filter plate, lead glass behind the screen, lead screen, lead rubber apron, lead gloves, walls, etc. are usually used for shielding protection. It is a simple protective measure to increase the distance between human body and X-ray source for distance protection. For patients, in order to avoid unnecessary X-ray irradiation and irradiation exceeding the allowable amount, appropriate X-ray examination methods should be selected and correct examination procedures should be designed. The exposure times of each X-ray examination should not be too many, and it should not be repeated many times in a short time (this is especially important for tomography and angiography). Pay attention to the accuracy of position, range and exposure conditions when projecting photos. The gonads adjacent to the irradiation field should be covered with lead glue. Radiologist: According to the national health standard for radiation protection, make necessary protective measures, conduct X-ray examination correctly, conscientiously implement health care regulations, and regularly monitor the dose received by radiologists. Wear lead rubber apron and lead gloves during perspective, and strengthen self-protection by using the principle of distance protection. In interventional radiology operation, unnecessary X-ray fluoroscopy and photography should be avoided. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) equipment, USG and CT should be used for monitoring.

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