Common photography schools in post-modernism photography

1, concept photography is different from traditional photography with natural objects (including pure nature, people and society) as creative resources, and can also be understood as rethinking thinking. Its attitude and position are basically questioning, that is, asking questions. So it has a strong subjective attitude, not the kind of photography that used to express emotional attitude by shooting natural twists and turns. It often asks questions directly, but in various ways. Especially when we can't find the natural correspondence, we can ask questions directly by posing and directing, so as to create a stronger effect to strengthen people's attention. Conceptual photography is a kind of conceptual art, and Duchamp is the earliest pioneer of conceptual art. His urinal is to ask what art is, what art can do, and whether art is a style for thousands of years. China Wang Qingsong's conceptual photography is the most typical conceptual photography. For example, he put on all kinds of flashy real life scenes and questioned the cultural concepts dominated by consumer society and market economy. The whole exhibition "Reality and Surrealism" curated by Mr. Liu Shuyong is a conceptual art, and this work of art includes his preface and photographs of 65,438+00 people. 10 Some people are weak in photography, but the boss in Huang Liping, the rockery in lin li, the dining table in Wang Weiqing and the European architecture in Li Dawei are all typical conceptual photography.

2, modernism, this is a concept of cultural staging, not simply corresponding to photography. Modernism in photography is the corresponding photographic phenomenon under this doctrine. Modernism refers to a period in the history of human culture, which can be simply understood as corresponding to classicism, but it is best not to understand it this way. Modernism mainly refers to all kinds of complex cultural concepts since human beings entered the machine revolution. Economically, it refers to the idea of global market expansion of capitalism, global integration, intensification and efficiency of human economy. Emphasize scientific discovery and that scientific development can solve all human problems; Politically, it emphasizes the conflict of civilizations, infringes on the interests of small and weak nation-states under the guise of civilization for powerful countries, and even annex them; Incorporate various scientific concepts into art, emphasizing minimalism, abstraction and architectural functions. Modernism is also synonymous with rationalism, emphasizing the rationality of development. As far as photography is concerned, I personally think that the early photo photography still inherited the spirit of classical art, but later Stie Glise and others emphasized the modern essence and aesthetic feeling of photography, trying to restore the instantaneous essence of photography. China's modernist photography has a very special context, that is, it has been closed to the outside world for a long time, and people don't understand the world's photography situation. As a result, all the photography phenomena in the west that are different from China's understanding of early photo photography are attributed to modernist photography. But now that this problem has been solved, people will not see it so badly. This situation only appeared in the 1980s.

3. Postmodern photography. Postmodernism is a cultural period that distinguishes modernity. Because in the period of modernism, human's economic and material wealth developed rapidly in an all-round way, but people later found that modernism had many problems. For example, the emphasis on development and efficiency has lost humanity, the gap between the rich and the poor has widened, the most essential value of pursuing a happy life has been lost in the struggle for industrialization, and scientific development cannot solve the problem of human spiritual comfort. In art, I have forgotten that the original function of art is to advocate noble spirit and promote social progress because I am caught in various technical explorations. One of the most obvious mistakes of modernist art is the blind pursuit of formalism, which makes the works of art farther and farther away from the spiritual demands, and the formal language gradually dries up with the renovation of patterns, resulting in an empty, boring and emotionless artistic state. Postmodernism is a cultural proposition since 1960s (from the perspective of art history, it can be traced back to Duchamp). It advocates reflecting on the disadvantages of modernism and advocating the return and concern for human nature. In art, it breaks the only demand of functionality in architectural art (such as the large-scale high-rise slab building along the Beijing subway, the most typical one), emphasizes the diversified expression of human nature and pays attention to spiritual aesthetics. On other art media, he broke through the rational taboos of modernism and returned to some essential techniques of classical art, which was based on emancipating people's desires in ideological content. After breaking through the influence of scientism, post-modern art has actually achieved great development, and all kinds of subtle feelings of human beings have been released, but the techniques and languages have been enriched. Traditional artistic style norms have also broken through, and artistic techniques such as installation, behavior and earth have appeared. In photography, it is mainly spiritual liberation, such as Nan Goldin and cindy sherman. Later works such as Anne Warhol and jeff wall fall into this category. Compared with the rational tendency of modernism, postmodernism is perceptual and pluralistic.

4. Surrealism photography. Surrealism is a school of literature and art that emerged between the two world wars. The term 19 17 was put forward by French playwright Apollinaire. Deeply influenced by Freud's psychoanalysis, surrealists try to discover human subconscious psychology. It is advocated to abandon the realistic image based on logical rationality and empirical memory, which can reveal people's deep psychological world and hope to integrate people's realistic concept with people's inner instinct, subconscious mind and dream experience. The representative artists of surrealism are mainly Miro and Dali. But Dali basically illustrated Freud's psychoanalysis, but it was not brilliant. In photography, Bresson was most influenced by surrealism. His decisive moment theory mainly refers to holding a camera and pressing the shutter in a scene that conforms to the fusion of subconscious and dream experience, emphasizing the strangeness and unpredictability of reality. When we introduce Bresson, we usually ignore his deeply influenced context and only explain that irrelevant sentence in a metaphysical way. China photographer was influenced by Mr. Zhang Zhaotang of Taiwan Province Province, who explicitly mentioned that his photography was surreal. We can also read and see this emotion in his photographs.