Photography plaza software

PHOTOSHOP: It is one of a series of graphic processing software developed by Adobe, which is mainly used for image processing and advertising design. At first, it was only used on MAC, and then a version of forwindow was developed.

First, the basic concepts.

Bitmap: Also known as raster map, it is generally used for photo quality image processing, and it is a graph composed of many "pixels" like small squares. Represented by its position and color value, it can show the change of color shadow. In PHOTOSHOP, it is mainly used to process bitmaps.

Vector diagram: usually it can't provide the image attributes of generated photos, and it is generally used for engineering drawing. For example, the quality effect of lighting is difficult to express with vector diagram.

Resolution: The pixel per unit length is called the resolution of the image. Simply put, it means that the computer image is clear and fuzzy for readers to watch. There are many resolutions. Such as screen resolution, scanner resolution and print resolution.

Relationship between image size and image size and resolution: If the image size is large, the resolution is high, the file is large and the memory is occupied, the computer processing speed will be slow. On the contrary, reducing any factor will speed up the processing.

Channel: In PHOTOSHOP, channel refers to the range of colors. Generally speaking, a basic color is a channel. Such as RGB color, R is red, so the range of R channel is red, G is green and B is blue.

Layers: In PHOTOSHOP, multiple layers are generally used, so that each layer is like a transparent paper, and when stacked together, it is a complete image. Modifying each layer has no effect on other layers.

Second, the color mode of the image.

1)RGB color mode: also known as additive color mode, it is the best color for screen display, and it is composed of three colors, namely red, green and blue, and each color can have a brightness change of 0-255.

2)CMYK color mode: composed of magenta, magenta, magenta and yellow, also called subtractive color mode. Generally, this mode is used for printout and printing, so CMYK mode is generally used for printing pictures.

3) HSB color mode: decompose color into hue, adjust saturation and brightness, and get color and change.

4)Lab color mode: This mode describes one color tone called A and the other color tone called B through one light intensity and two colors. Mainly affects the brightness of timbre. Generally, RGB to CMYK are converted by Lab first.

5) Index color: In this color, the pixels of the image are represented by one byte. It contains up to 256 colors in the color table to store and index the colors used. Its picture quality is not high and it takes up less space.

6) Gray scale mode: that is, the image is displayed in black and white only, with the value of pixel 0 being black and the value of pixel 255 being white.

7) Bitmap mode: pixels are not represented by bytes, but by binary, that is, black and white are represented by binary, which occupies the least disk space.

Third, introduce tools.

Move tool, you can move layers in PHOTOSHOP.

Rectangular selection tool, which can select a rectangular selection range for an image, generally uses more rules for selection.

Ellipse selection tool, which can select a rectangular selection range for an image, generally uses more rules for selection.

Single line selection tool, which can select a line of pixels in the horizontal direction of the image, is generally used for more subtle selection.

Single column selection tool can select a column of pixels in the vertical direction of the image, which is generally used for more subtle selection.

Cutting tools can cut images. Eight node boxes usually appear after pre-cutting selection. Users can zoom the node with the mouse, rotate the selection box outside the box with the mouse, double-click the selection box with the mouse or press Enter to end the cutting.

Lasso tool, can hold down the mouse and drag at will to select an irregular selection range, which is generally available for some hasty choices.

Polygon lasso tool, you can use the mouse to fix a point on the image, and then select the range to be selected through multiple lines. You can hook the edge of the image with this tool, but you can't hook it. The selected area is composed of multiple lines.

Magnetic lasso tool, this tool seems to have the same magnetic force. It does not need to press the left mouse button to move the mouse directly. There will be an automatic tracking line at the tool head. This line always reaches the boundary between color and color. The more obvious the boundary, the stronger the magnetic force. After the end is connected to the end, the selection can be completed. Generally used for image selection with large chromatic aberration.

Magic wand tool, click the color in the image with the mouse to select the image color. The selected color range requires the same color. You can double-click the magic wand tool for the same degree and adjust the tolerance at the tolerance value in the upper right corner of the screen. The greater the value, the greater the color difference of the magic wand, and vice versa.

The airbrush tool is mainly used to color images. The pressure of coloring can be adjusted by the option in the upper right corner. The size of coloring can be selected by the brush on the right, and the color can be selected by the color swatch or color on the right.

The brush tool, like the spray gun tool, is also used to color images, except that the edge of the pen tip is slightly smaller than that of the spray gun.

Rubber stamp tool, mainly used for image restoration, can also be understood as local copy. Hold down the Alt key first, then click the left key at the sampling point in the image that needs to be copied or repaired with the mouse, and then select the appropriate pen tip at the right brush to repair the image.

Pattern stamp tool is also used to copy images, which is somewhat different from rubber stamp. Its premise is that you need to select a range with a rectangle, then click "Define Pattern" in the "Edit" menu, then select a suitable pen, and then copy the pattern in the image.

The historical brush tool is mainly used to restore an image, which is the original appearance of a recently saved or opened image. If the open image is not saved after the operation, you can use this tool to restore the original appearance of this picture. If you continue to operate after saving the image, using this tool will restore the saved appearance.

Eraser tool, mainly used to erase unnecessary pixels. If the background layer is erased, what color is the background color? If the layer above the background layer is erased, the color of this layer will be erased and the color of the next layer will be displayed. Erase the size of the nib. You can choose a suitable nib from the brush on the right.

The pencil tool is mainly used to simulate the pencil used for drawing at ordinary times. After selecting this tool, you can draw lines by holding down the left mouse button in the image and dragging it. The difference between it and spray gun and brush is that the drawn lines have no edges. The nib can be selected from the brushes on the right.

Blur tool, mainly used for local fuzzy images, can be operated by holding down the left mouse button and dragging continuously. Generally used to soften the stiff places between colors, but also used in the stiff places between colors.

The sharpening tool, as opposed to the blurring tool, is used to make the image clear. Its clarity is to make all pixels in the range of motion clear. If the effect is too strong, every component color in the image will be displayed, so colorful colors will appear. After applying the blur tool and then the sharpen tool, the image cannot be restored because the color composition has changed after blurring.

The smudge tool can erase the color, just as the pigment of the image is wet and the color is manually misplaced. Usually used for rigid boundaries between colors or poor sealing between colors. This tool can be used to soften the transition color, and sometimes it is also used in the operation of repairing images. For the size of smear, you can choose the right pen tip at the right brush.

Brightening tool, also known as brightening tool, mainly brightens the image to make the color of the image brighter, and its brightening range can be selected by the size of the pen on the right.

A darkening tool, as opposed to a brightening tool, can also be called a darkening tool. It is mainly used to darken the image, thus deepening the color of the image. The darkening range can be the size of the nib in the right brush.

Sponge tool, which can increase or decrease the color of the image, and can choose to increase or decrease the color from the options in the upper right corner. In fact, it can also be to strengthen color contrast or reduce color contrast. The intensity of its color addition and subtraction can be selected from the options in the upper right corner, and its scope of action can be selected from the brush on the right.

The pen path tool, also known as the edge marking tool, mainly draws the path by color. The first thing to note is that the pen must be placed under the pixel tooth, that is, click the fixed point below the pixel tooth, move the mouse to another landing point, and click the left mouse button. If you want to hook the arc, you must hold down the left mouse button when landing, and then drag the mouse to hook the arc. Each fixed point will be controlled by a node for later modification. After dragging an arc with the mouse, handles will appear on both sides of the node. You can also hold down the Ctrl key to adjust the radian of each handle. Holding down the Alt key can eliminate the handle behind the node and avoid affecting the work behind the hook.

The magnetic pen tool is somewhat similar to the magnetic lasso tool, and the drawn path will be magnetic. It will automatically deviate to the boundary between colors, and its magnetic attraction can be adjusted at the "frequency" in the upper right corner. The larger the number, the more attractive it is.

Free pen tool, similar to lasso tool, can hold down the left mouse button in the image and drag directly to draw a path under the mouse trajectory.

By adding an anchor tool, you can add nodes to the marked path for easy modification. Click the path between nodes with the mouse.

With the anchor point reduction tool, you can reduce the number of nodes in the marked path by clicking the nodes on the path with the mouse.

Select the tool directly. This tool can select a node to drag and modify, or drag with the mouse holding down the path.

Conversion point tool, this tool mainly converts the nodes of an arc into sharp points, that is, the arc becomes a straight line.

Text tool, you can enter text in an image. After selecting this tool, click it in the image and a dialog box will appear to enter text. It just enters text horizontally. After entering the text, you can also double-click the layer to edit the text. You can choose any color in the dialog box.

Measuring tools are mainly used to measure the length and angle of images. Click the left mouse button at a certain point in the image, hold down the left mouse button, drag it to another point to form a straight line, and release the left mouse button to display the length and angle of the straight line in the options in the upper right corner.

The linear gradient tool is mainly used to fill images with gradients. Double-click the gradient tool, and the gradient type will appear in the upper right corner. Click the triangle drop-down menu on the right to list various gradient types. Hold down the mouse in the gradient direction of the image and drag it to another place to release the mouse. If you want to gradient the image locally, you must first select a selection range and then gradient it.

The operation of the radial gradient tool is basically the same as that of the linear gradient tool.

The operation of the angle gradient tool is basically the same as that of the linear gradient tool.

The operation of the symmetric gradient tool is basically the same as that of the linear gradient tool.

The diamond gradient tool operates the same as the straight gradient tool.

Paint bucket tool, which is mainly used to fill colors, is similar to the magic wand tool, except that the foreground is filled with one color, and the filling degree is determined by the tolerance value of the option in the upper right corner. The larger the value, the larger the filling range.

The eyedropper tool is mainly used to absorb a certain color in an image and turn it into foreground color. Generally, it is used when the same color is needed, but it is difficult to achieve the same possibility in color samples. It is appropriate to use this tool. Click on the color with the mouse to absorb it.

Color sampler tool, mainly used to compare the color composition of images, can only take out four sampling points, and the color composition of each sampling point, such as RGB or CMYK, is displayed on the option bar in the upper right corner, which is generally used for printing.

The gripper tool is mainly used to flip the image, but the prerequisite is that the image is not fully displayed in the PHOTOSHOP file window, and it is generally used for edge checking. When selecting other tools, press and hold the space bar, and the mouse will automatically become a paw tool.

Zoom tools are mainly used to enlarge images. When the "+"sign appears, you can enlarge the image by clicking it, or locally enlarge the image by dragging a rectangular box by pressing the mouse. Hold down the Alt key, and the mouse will turn into a ""symbol. Click it to reduce the image. Quickly, Ctrl+"+"means zoom in, and Ctrl+"-"means zoom out.

Four, ps other professional terms

Normal: The drawing tool completely replaces the pixel color of the original image with the foreground color.

Dissolve: randomly select each mixing point as background color or fill color.

Positive superposition: the newly added color and the original image color are combined into a third color which is darker than the original two colors.

Screen: The newly added color and the original image color are combined into a lighter color than the original.

Overlay: Enhance the highlights and shadow areas of the original image and overlay the foreground color on the original image.

Soft light: processing the original image according to the gray value of the foreground color. Foreground > 50% glass, < 50% shadow. Therefore, if the original picture is pure white or pure black, it will only be darker or brighter.

Strong light: the original image is processed according to the gray value of the foreground color. & gt50% light color superposition treatment, > 50% dark color multiplication treatment.

Fade: Brighten the original image with foreground color.

Color deepening: darken the color of the original image with the change of foreground color.

Dimming: The pixel color in the original image that is darker than the foreground color becomes the foreground color.

Brighten: The pixel color in the original image that is brighter than the foreground color becomes the foreground color.

Difference: compare the brightness values of the foreground color and the original image color, and the difference between them is the application result of this method.

Exclusion: Similar to the difference of 12, but the effect will be softer.

Back: It only acts on the transparent part of the transparent layer, which is equivalent to drawing on the back of transparent paper.

Tone: Adjust the foreground in the original image without changing its brightness and saturation.

Saturation: Use the saturation of the foreground color in the original image without changing its brightness and hue.

Color: Only use the saturation of the foreground color for the original image, without changing its brightness.

Brightness: Only the brightness of the foreground color is used in the original image, without changing its hue and saturation.

Color reaction

Color Scale: This command can be used to adjust the range of brightness values in the image, and at the same time, it can adjust the color values such as saturation, contrast and brightness of the image.

Auto Balance: This command can automatically adjust the color parameters of the image. It defines the colors of the brightest and darkest pixels in each channel as white and black, and redistributes the middle colors proportionally.

Curve: This command can accurately change the color range of the image.

Adjust color balance: adjust the overall color balance of the overall image. You can add a new filter color to one of the high brightness area, general brightness area and shadow area in the image, and you can mix colors anywhere to increase the color balance effect.

Adjust the brightness and contrast of the image: This command can simply adjust the brightness and contrast of the image.

Hue and saturation: These commands can change the hue saturation and brightness value of the image.

Decolorization: the color saturation in the image will be zero, and the image will turn gray. This command can change the image to a monochrome image without changing the color mode of the chart.

Replacement color: Its essence is to select the image range with magic wand and replace the hue and color saturation of the selected part with hue/saturation adjustment.

Color selection: the proportion of CMYK colors can be adjusted for each primary color, mainly because all colors are composed of dots formed by four colors of CMYK during printing, and the color of the image can be adjusted by adjusting the four colors.

Channel mixer: Edit the command of the channel of the image, so as to change the color of the image and convert the color range of the image, which can convert high-quality gray-scale images and color images.

This command can precisely adjust the image.

Reverse phase: it can make the image negative, that is, it seems to be the bottom of the phase.

Uniformity: the pixels of the image are evenly distributed to all levels, which makes the image more inclined to the middle tone. Instead of averaging all levels of pixels, the lowest level is set to 0, the highest level is set to 255, and the levels are pulled apart.

Country value: color images or gray images can be converted into high-contrast black-and-white images according to the given country value. You can enter the country value at the country value level, which is set to black when the pixel level is lower than or equal to the country value and set to white when it is higher than the country value.

Tone separation: it can reduce the image level and produce a special level separation effect.

Change: You can adjust different brightness ranges such as color and shadow area in the high brightness of the image.

Complete solution with independent filter

Stylize

Find the edge

Function: By strengthening the color filtering area, you can use the image to produce the brush stroke effect of drawing the outline with a pencil. Using this filter, the system will automatically find and identify the edge of the image, draw it with beautiful thin lines, and fill the background with white, so that a colorful image becomes a unique sketch.

Isoenzyme

Function: It produces an extremely simple effect-simply sketching an image on a white background.

Parameters:

1 & gt； Color scale: the degree to which the edge is depicted.

2>, edge: a, higher: drawn under the outline of the image;

B, low: depicted on the contour line of the image.

wind

Function: Add some small horizontal lines to the image to achieve the effect of wind.

Parameter:1> Mode: a, wind b, gale c, hurricane

2> direction: a, from left; B, from the right

bas-relief

Function: By sketching the outline of the image, the color value of the surrounding pixels is reduced, resulting in a relief effect with a sense of convexity and concavity.

Parameters: 1 >, angle: the projection direction of the image relief can be controlled;

2 > height: control the height of the relief;

3 > quantity: the range of the filter can be controlled.

range

Function: Move the position of pixels to make the image have the effect of oil painting or ground glass.

Parameter: mode: represents the range of action of image pixels.

1 >, normal: image pixels are randomly distributed;

2 > darkening priority: highlight the dark pixel part of the image;

3 > Brightening priority: Highlight the highlighted pixel part of the image.

collage

Function: Divide the image into regular blocks to form mosaic tile effect.

Parameter: number of collages: controls the density of the main block of the puzzle.

Maximum displacement: clearance of control box.

Overexposure:

Function: In photography, positive and negative images are mixed to produce exposure effect.

highlight

Function: produce three-dimensional effect. By extruding many squares or triangles from pixels, the image can be converted into a three-dimensional stereogram or cone, thus producing a three-dimensional background effect.

Parameters: Type: controllable three-dimensional effect shape: ① block shape, ② pyramid shape.

Size: The size of the deformation, which sets the size of the bottom of the cube or cone.

Bit depth: Controls the height of the solid or the depth at which the image protrudes from the screen.

Random: The protruding depth is random.

Based on color scale: increase the brightness of a part of the image and associate the solid with the cone and color value.

The front of the cube: makes the average color effect of the pixels in the stereoscopic image.

Mask incomplete block: make the part of the image beyond the interface unchanged after stereoscopic.

Illuminate the edges:

Function: This filter is similar to the stroke effect, which can describe the outline of the image, adjust the brightness and width of the outline, and adjust and preview the parameters of the image through the dialog box.

Parameters: ① Edge width: controls the edge width of the converted image.

Edge brightness: controls the brightness of the edge of the converted image.

Smoothness: Controls the softness and smoothness of the edge of the converted image.

Brush stroke filter:

Total amount:

Function: It can make the image have a strong rendering effect. Just like using a wet brush dipped in an ink meter to render on shadow paper, you can render thick black on the image and blur the boundaries between color blocks.

Parameters: ① Line width: stroke width.

② Stroke pressure: stroke pressure.

Contrast: Adjust the contrast.

Angled lines:

Function: can produce the effect of stroke tilt.

Parameters: ① direction balance: the greater the value, the higher the balance degree of stroke direction.

② Line length: The greater the value, the longer the brush stroke length.

Sharpening degree: The greater the value, the sharper the brush tip used.

Pen spray:

Function: it can produce the boiling water effect of screen particles splashing. this

Parameters: ① Spray color radius: Set the radiation range of spray wave.

② Smoothness: Set the smoothness of the jet wave.

Paint lines:

Function: the effect is more uniform than pen spraying, and the spraying angle can be selected, which can produce inclined splash effect. The fixed drawing board is vertical, so the water spray is large, and the paint in the painting should be rendered downward.

Parameters: ① Line length: The larger the value, the longer the radius and the larger the point when rendering the image.

② Spray radius: The larger the numerical value, the smoother and softer the rendered image.

③ Stroke direction: Set the stroke direction.

The edge of strengthening:

Function: Strengthen the boundary between different colors of the image.

Parameters: ① Edge width: The larger the value, the wider the edge line of the drawn image outline.

② Edge brightness: The larger the value, the brighter the edge line of the drawn image outline.

③ Smoothness: The greater the numerical value, the smoother the edge line of the drawn image contour.

Dark lines:

Function: Make the image have a strong black shadow effect.

Parameters: ① Balance: The larger the value, the higher the balance of the generated image and the clearer the image lines.

② Black intensity: The greater the numerical value, the higher the black shadow degree of the generated image.

③ White intensity: The greater the numerical value, the higher the white intensity of the generated image.

Shaded line:

Function: It can make the image have the effect of drawing or engraving cross lines. It is easy to produce mesh shadows on the screen.

Parameters: ① Line length: The larger the value, the longer the stroke length of the brush used. this

② Sharpening degree: The greater the numerical value, the higher the definition of the generated image and the clearer the intersecting lines.

③ Intensity: The greater the numerical value, the greater the stroke intensity of the generated image.

Overview of inks:

Function: according to the color boundary of the image, draw its black outline.

Parameters: ① Line length: The larger the value, the longer the stroke length of the brush used.

② Dark intensity: The greater the value, the higher the blackness of the image contour.

③ Illumination intensity: The greater the numerical value, the higher the brightness of the brightness area of the generated image.