Clever use of contrast to shoot water towns

It's always pleasant to have a boat trip in a water town. How to show the essence of water town? Photography lovers may wish to take a look at the following suggestions.

Shooting water boats can start from the following seven aspects:

First, stand tall and overlook the big scene.

Find the ideal height, hillside, tower, bridge across the river, etc. Overlooking the river, banks and ships from a distance, you will have a panoramic view of the depth and breadth.

Second, emphasize the layout of the picture.

The number and position of the ship should be paid attention to. As the main body, if it is a single boat, it should be placed in a prominent position on the screen; If it is a group, we should not only consider the arrangement of positions, but also pay attention to the formation changes between ships, which should be dense and scattered, so that the content can be harmonious and orderly, and the picture can be concise and not messy. If you are a companion, the distance between the ships should be moderate in order to be in harmony with the scenery and set each other off. The composition method can follow the basic composition principle of "golden section law", and can also be triangle, diagonal and edge composition.

Third, capture the instantaneous beauty of the pattern.

Busy boats and boats are the soul of a water town. The boat shuttles and the river races, which is a flowing poem and a changing painting screen. "Quiet" scenery brings beauty through "moving" boats and boats. Always pay attention to the moving and drifting ships, and grasp the beautiful instantaneous patterns in time, such as the "V" ripple dragged by the hull when it is moving and the circle ripple drawn when it is working. The beauty of the boat shape is related to the static angle, and the vertical angle or horizontal picture gives people a feeling of rigidity and lack of change; The horizontal angle of about 45 on the screen has obvious two-dimensional space and smooth body lines, which is an ideal angle.

Fourth, use the most attractive light.

Compared with the positive light, the backlight facing the sun can enhance the three-dimensional sense of the scene, and clever use will produce unexpected picture effects. The shady side of the distant mountain can make the boat in a dark shadow, and the main body is outlined in a bright outline; On the surface of the water under the backlight, countless scales shine, and the picture has a strong low-key silhouette effect of black, gray and white. However, attention should be paid to exposure in backlight shooting to avoid glare flare. The lateral rays between the front light and the back light are clear and natural, which can highlight the light and shade of the ship, which is not only beneficial to artistic expression, but also relatively easy to control exposure. There are also high light, low light, reflection and so on. , can be used flexibly.

Fifth, different seasons, weather and time periods present different scenes.

Sunny days are full of light, sharp images and saturated colors. Under the scattered light on cloudy days, the scenery is dull and gloomy, so we should adopt the method of abandoning the big and seeking the middle, narrow the shooting range and focus on the close-up shooting of the midfield. Shooting in rain, fog and snow can often get unexpected results.

Especially in the early and late hours of the day, the light intensity and color temperature environment are constantly changing, and the scenery also presents different light colors. The rising sun and the setting sun are the most magnificent scenes in nature, and the water surface will present a warm environmental atmosphere and a golden red tone. The light changes greatly in the morning and evening, so it is necessary to constantly measure the light to grasp the shooting, and the exposure is slightly less than the automatic light value. As night falls, the pure landscape makes people feel calm and peaceful. It will be another kind of mood to shoot boats for a long time under the stars and moons with a fixed camera.

Sixth, the treatment of background and the utilization of prospect.

Good natural environment background is helpful to the performance of the subject. Facing the messy background, we can use the methods of "exclusion" and "fuzziness" to solve it. There are three ways to eliminate it: one is to get a dark picture background with the sunny side of the forest as the background; The second is to reverse shoot with the pure sky as the background to obtain a bright picture background; The third is to shoot down with a flat water surface as the background to get a single picture background. There are many ways to blur: first, the shadow details of the background are weakened by the light fog of the morning, and the heavy subject is set off by the light background; There is also a long focal length lens and a large aperture to shorten the distance between the lens and the subject (that is, the shooting distance) and widen the distance between the subject and the background.

Seventh, grasp the beautiful figure.

Although the ship plays an important role in the overall aesthetic feeling of the picture, the characters who operate the ship are the finishing touch. Although the operating postures such as shaking, paddling, poking, topping and falling are different, the action rules are the same, that is, starting, topping, returning and starting again. The most beautiful and natural shape beauty of the characters is always shown at the moment when they are about to reach the top.

Above, "Sunset Melts Gold": A motorized sailboat breaks the waves, and the sunset warms the whole river like molten gold.

Valleys and mountains shake people's hearts.

What are the skills to shoot mountains and rivers in the valley?

First, the position of the crane.

You should pay attention to the choice of shooting position. Generally speaking, standing under the valley or taking pictures of the peaks on the mountainside, you often can't see the top of the mountain, or because of the angle of view, the originally steep peaks will be difficult to steep, and everyone has no new feeling about the photos taken from this angle, so it is difficult to shoot good works; If you climb the adjacent hillside and shoot at the same height as the photographed peak, you can see the majestic momentum of the whole mountain, and the peaks on the screen are layered in order and appear distinct; When standing on the top of the mountain and shooting down, there is a visual effect that "other mountains are dwarfed in the sky". . It takes some physical strength and time to have an ideal position.

Second, the form of the picture.

Horizontal shot and vertical shot have their own advantages, which should be decided according to the scene and expression intention. The wide field of vision of the banner picture can show the extension and vastness of the mountains, which well shows the continuous ups and downs of the mountains; Vertical pictures are easy to show the height and steepness of mountain peaks, thus enhancing the sense of depth. Generally speaking, the vertical racket is used more.

Third, the use of light.

The mountain scenery is photographed along the light, and the picture effect is bright and the color is fully restored, but the three-dimensional sense of the rock is poor; The better visual effect is to shoot with side light, which can depict the lines of rocks and show the levels of mountains, making the picture more three-dimensional and contrasting with light and shade; Most of the rocks under the backlight are in the shadow, forming a strong side light. In order to prevent underexposure, you can use manual exposure, as long as you pay attention to the performance of the subject and details. Proper exposure and clear detail description will add a lot of color to the whole picture; Under diffuse light such as cloudy days, the detail level of rocks can be fully expressed. Expressive light at sunrise and sunset, there is a warm tone between heaven and earth, and the color changes are colorful. In the face of ever-changing light, pay close attention to shooting.

Fourth, the choice of lens.

You need a wide-angle lens and a telephoto lens, so that you can cope with it whether you are shooting distant peaks or steep rock canyons nearby. Because the distance between mountains is relatively long, compared with the short-focus wide-angle lens, the medium-long focal length lens can shorten the visual effect of the distance between subjects and make it not loose. Some people worry that the depth of field of telephoto lens is not enough, which limits the clear range before and after. In fact, the depth of field does not depend entirely on the focal length, but also on the shooting distance and aperture size. For example, you don't have to worry about the depth of field if you shoot a scene with rocks in a long distance with a small aperture.

Fifth, the background processing.

One way to shoot rock scenery is to take the sky as the background, but the proportion of the sky should not be too large, otherwise it will be very monotonous and unable to reproduce the magnificence of the rock, but adding a gray gradient mirror can balance the excessive contrast between the scenery and the sky; If there are clouds, the situation will be different. Pay attention to the relationship between clouds, mountains, trees, buildings and other scenery. When shooting, we should measure the light according to the brightness of the clouds. If necessary, we can use a polarizer to filter the sky bluer and make the clouds stand out. The other is based on the shallow mountain shadow in the distance, which distinguishes the shade from the main rock in hue and tone, so as to avoid the indistinguishability, overlapping and lack of hierarchy between dark Woods and rocks.

The following picture shows "Unyielding": Using the artistic techniques of vertical composition and size contrast, it shows the indomitable and persevering character of the small pine tree.

Using contrast to shoot scenery skillfully.

Contrast is a common method in landscape photography composition, which plays an important role in expressing content, creating artistic conception, making the picture better express the theme and enhancing the artistic appeal of the work.

Comparison between reality and reality: reality is the clear main part of the picture, and emptiness is the vague accompanying part or blank in the picture. The principle of contrast treatment between the virtual and the real is that there is reality in the virtual, there is emptiness in the real, and the virtual and the real are mutually generated and controlled. In ancient times, there was a saying that "the real place is easy, but the virtual place is difficult", that is, we should focus on dealing with the virtual place on the premise of the real place. There are many ways to control some blurred images in the picture. For example, a long focal length lens combined with a large aperture can be used to obtain a short depth of field, so that the subject is clear and the companion is blurred; You can also use rolling clouds and fog as a foil, and so on. Note that the imaginary part should be a companion, and the main part should not be empty.

Contrast between light and shade: the influence of timbre on mood is due to psychological factors of long-term deposition. There is much to be done to deal with the relationship between black, white and gray, and how to put dark black, strong white and comfortable and peaceful gray together. The dark main scene is set against the light background, which is a high-profile effect; The light-colored main scene is lined with a dark background to create a low-key effect. According to the needs of high-key, low-key or intermediate tone, determine the photometric subject before controlling the exposure.

Color contrast: it uses the juxtaposition of colors, and contrasts the purity and brightness of different colors to achieve the purpose of highlighting the main body. It also includes hue contrast, lightness contrast and saturation contrast. Emotionally speaking, each color can express a kind of mood and mood, and the combination of related colors produces a comprehensive and even complex feeling. In the use of color, generally avoid the collocation of different cold and warm attributes, such as the green main body in the landscape with the blue sky, the autumn chrysanthemum in the swamp in autumn, the blue sea water and the yellow beach, and the color contrast is naturally coordinated. But sometimes the combination of red and green has a strong color effect, such as "there is a little red in all greens" This is because a single color or the lack of color changes, it is difficult to attract the attention of others, and when the main body and the surrounding colors form a strong contrast, the image of the main body in the picture is clearly prominent. The picture below shows Sleepless at Night: At night in ancient villages, there is a color difference between warm lights and blue sky, and the contrast of their pigment content makes the picture vivid.

In addition, there are size contrast, primary and secondary contrast, dynamic and static contrast, density contrast, hidden contrast, straight contrast, rigid-flexible contrast, horizontal and vertical contrast, width contrast, thickness contrast, direction contrast and so on. The two are dialectical, complementary and indispensable. From a technical point of view, contrast is a modeling method and composition means. Therefore, photographers should follow the creative principle that the form of expression is the theme service, and proceed from reality and life, all services are subordinate to the content, so as to achieve a harmonious and unified artistic effect.

Expression of sense of space

As the saying goes, "make the finishing point". In other words, landscape photography should pay attention to the expression of spatial sense and the sense of spatial distance between scenes on the ground. In photography practice, the sense of space is related to the law of perspective, so the change of perspective can enhance the sense of space in the picture. Perspective phenomenon can be divided into line perspective and shadow perspective.

Line perspective:

The closer the distance, the larger the image; The farther the distance, the smaller the image. As the distance extends to the distance, the size of the image becomes smaller and smaller, the lines converge in the distance and finally disappear on the horizon. Through the comparison of image sizes, space can be effectively expressed. There are four factors that affect line perspective. First, the shooting distance and lens focal length. When shooting at close range, the scene on the screen has strong contrast and strong sense of space; When shooting at a long distance, the size of the scene before and after is weak, and the sense of space will be weakened. At the same time, different lens focal lengths have different spatial performance effects. The short-focus lens exaggerates the foreground image, forming a strong contrast between the distance and the distance, and has a strong sense of spatial depth. The telephoto lens compresses the distance between scenes, and the size contrast is not strong and the sense of space is weak. Second, use the focal length characteristics of the lens. The spatial distance of the scene is small, so a wide-angle lens can be used; The scenery is far away, but sometimes red can be used with big green, but it has a strong color effect, such as "a little red among all greens". This is because a single color or lack of color changes makes it difficult to attract others' attention, and when the main body forms a strong contrast with the surrounding colors, the image of the main body in the picture is clearly prominent. At night in ancient villages, there is a color difference between warm lights and blue sky, and the contrast of pigment content makes the picture vivid.

In addition, there are size contrast, primary and secondary contrast, dynamic and static contrast, density contrast, hidden contrast, straight contrast, rigid-flexible contrast, horizontal and vertical contrast, width contrast, thickness contrast, direction contrast and so on. The two are dialectical, complementary and indispensable. From a technical point of view, contrast is a modeling method and composition means. Therefore, photographers should follow the creative principle that the form of expression is the theme service, and proceed from reality and life, all services are subordinate to the content, so as to achieve a harmonious and unified artistic effect. The telephoto lens makes the picture full. Third, the shooting height. At a low perspective, the foreground is prominent and tall, and the background is relatively narrow, which can well express the spatial depth; From a high perspective, you can see the background beyond the foreground. Fourth, the shooting direction. The perspective effect of frontal shooting is poor. When shooting from an oblique direction, one side of the scene is large and the other side is small. Compared with the size, it shows a sense of space depth.

Shadow perspective:

The air is not completely pure, it contains fog, steam, dust and so on. Therefore, the close-range tone is deep, the outline is clear and the contrast is large; The scenery in the distance is bright in tone, vague in outline and small in contrast. This vague air perspective phenomenon near Qingyuan provides a deep sense of space for the pictures taken. We can use different methods to obtain different tone effects: first, choose different light directions. The direction of light determines the perspective effect of hue. When the sun shines, the foreground and background are illuminated by the same brightness, which weakens the perspective effect. On the contrary, backlight can enhance the perspective of tone and make the picture layered. At this time, the foreground is illuminated and the background is shallow, but the foreground is not illuminated and the background is deep, thus distinguishing the distance between the foreground and the background. At the same time, a circle of bright contour light effect is formed at the edge of the scene under backlight, which becomes an effective means to express the contour shape of the scene and distinguish the boundary of the scene. As shown in the following picture, Dusk: Under the background light in the evening, the nearby thatched cottage, the overlapping mountains and the distant trees form a three-dimensional space effect. Second, choose different weather. The weather is clear, the aerial perspective is good, and the picture is clear, but it may not be able to shoot a good-looking effect; In foggy days, the viewing angle is limited and the picture definition is poor. The use of clouds and fog can make the tone of the scene produce a perspective effect of far light and near concentration. In addition, if the aerial perspective is good, it is suitable for shooting large scenes and distant views, and if the aerial perspective is poor, it is suitable for shooting small scenes or close shots. Third, appropriate prospects and shadows. Trees, fences, rocks, etc. It can be used to add interest to the foreground and bring a sense of depth to the picture, but it needs to be related to the whole picture. Choosing a dark foreground will also enhance the perspective effect. When using standard or short focal length lenses, the foreground is often too prominent and the background is too small, so we must choose a lens with appropriate focal length. Fourth, control the depth of field. Opening the aperture can make the blurred background set off a clear scene, distinguish the front and rear scenes, and enhance the sense of spatial perspective. Fifth, use filters. Polarizers used in color photography can reduce or even eliminate reflection, while blue filters used in black and white photography can enhance the perspective effect, while red, orange, yellow and green filters can weaken the perspective effect.

In addition to the above, we should also pay attention to the reasonable spatial layout, and use the foreground, close shot, middle shot and long shot in the scene to form multi-scene layers; Highlight the space of the scene by changing the brightness of the scene color. In short, choose the appropriate season and climate, mobilize angles, light, lines, shadows and other means, emphasize the three-dimensional sense, space sense and environmental atmosphere, and truly and artistically express spectacular scenes and beautiful scenery.