tasmanians

1. What is the Tasmanian effect? 2. What is the Tasmanian effect? 3. What is the Tasmanian effect? The Tasmanian effect is: Anthropologically, this phenomenon of social civilization degradation caused by the closed communication between societies and the inability of social scale to carry the inheritance of Tasmanian civilization and technology is called the Tasmanian effect. Generally speaking, in Tasmania, there is no foreign technology input, and the population is small. The scientific and technological level of a certain area will not continue to improve, but will be locked in a certain level forever, or even retrogress. This effect comes from a real case.

Warning significance of Tasmania effect;

The Tasmanian effect is also a warning to individuals. In Tasmania, we need to open ourselves up, don't let our thinking just stay in a "circle", let our thinking solidify. In Tasmania, we need to communicate more and absorb knowledge from different dimensions. Learning across the "circle" will make our thinking more active, not stagnant or locked, but jumping to a higher dimension.

What is the Tasmanian effect? Tasmania Effect Tasmania: In the case that there is no foreign technology imported into Tasmania and the population of Tasmania is too low, the technical level of some areas will not only be locked in a certain level forever, but even retrogress.

The red part is Tasmania, a small island in the southern hemisphere. Bass strait, which is 200 kilometers across from Australia, is 1.87 times the area of Taiwan Province province. On the other hand, Tasmanians are one of the most lonely peoples in the modern history of the earth. But the most terrible thing is not loneliness, but the closure has plunged them into Tasmania and degraded their civilization.

The Tasmanian effect is also called the reverse evolution of Tasmania (evolution is the antonym of evolution).

Explain in detail:

The "reverse evolution" of Tasmania's tens of thousands of years of civilization has brought us some warnings. Archaeological evidence shows that humans first set foot in Australia at least 65,000 years ago.

Although Australia is out of reach today, the sea level fell during the ice age, and the distance between the two places is not far. Although we can't walk to Australia on foot, relying on a large number of islands in the middle that can be used as relay stations, humans can cross through simple floating logging.

After arriving in Australia, the ancestors of Australian aborigines crossed the continental bridge in Bath Plain to Tasmania. At least 42,000 years ago, Tasmania had human footprints. At that time, Tasmania was still connected with the Australian mainland, and there was still contact between humans in the two places. But about 10,000 years ago, the rapid rise of sea level turned Bath Plain into bass strait.

At that time, the peoples of the two continents had not yet built water vehicles that could cross bass strait. The vast sea water completely cut off the daily contact between Tasmania and the Australian mainland.

Some human archaeological remains on the Tasmanian coastline and Victoria coastline. As a result, thousands to tens of thousands of people in Tasmania seem to be completely isolated and live alone in the world. From this perspective, Tasmania is a paradise, there is nothing wrong.

The rich materials on the island ensure that everyone has enough food and clothing. But when white Europeans first landed in Tasmania, they were all stunned by the backward life of the local aborigines. Tasmanians live the most primitive life in the world.

Tasmania is the only island country in Australia. It is 240 kilometers south of Victoria, separated by bass strait. It mainly includes the main island of Tasmania, Bruni, golden island, Flinders Island, macquarie island and many coastal islands. It is called "natural state", "Apple Island", "holiday state" and "vacation state". Rich and diverse resources. There are hydropower development in the central and western regions, forests in the west provide raw materials for hardwood and pulp and paper industries, and cheese industry and mixed agriculture are mainly in the humid northern region. Sheep are widely grazed in the arid central and eastern coastal areas, and the southeastern region specializes in gardening.

Basic introduction

Chinese name: mbth, Tasmania: Ta *** ania Administrative Region Category: Level I Administrative Region: Australia Subordinate Region: Hobart, etc * * Resident: Hobart Geographical Location: South of the southeast corner of the Australian mainland Area: 90,758 square kilometers Population: 503,293 (2065,438+March 2002) Climatic conditions: Maritime climate Famous scenic spots: Port Arthur, and. Time zone of Seteston Airport: UTC+ 10:00 Average elevation: 75m Jiugui Bay, Cradle Mountain, Wellington Mountain, Royal Botanical Garden, Port Arthur. Tasmania is the smallest of the six Australian states and the only one where people can make a tour in a few days. It is located between 40 and 43.5 degrees south latitude, in the south of Australia, bordering the Indian Ocean in the west, tasman sea in the Pacific Ocean in the east, bass strait in the north with water depth less than 60 meters, facing the Australian mainland. The state consists of several islands, the main island of Tasmania is slightly triangular, surrounded by many small islands, the most important of which are Golden Island, Flinders Island and Bruni Island. Tasmania Tasmania consists of more than 300 small islands. Before the end of the ice age about 10 thousand years ago, Tasmania was connected with the Australian mainland. At the end of the Ice Age, the junction of the two banks was covered by water submerged by melting snow, and the bass strait was formed. It is precisely because Tasmania is not connected with Australia and its development speed is slow that it maintains its pure and natural side. The original features of Tasmania are said to be due to the local protection measures in place. The airport in Hobart, the capital of Tasmania, is a mini airport. So far, only domestic flights are allowed in and out, and fresh fruits and fish are not allowed in, otherwise they will be confiscated and punished. Tasmania is the state with the most mountains in Australia. There are many mountains, but they are not high. Few mountains exceed1.500m.. Tasmania is famous for its high proportion of mountain landscape in the total area of Australia. About 40% of the state is officially listed as a national park, nature reserve or world natural heritage. The central part of the main island is a plateau, and the western part is a mountain range parallel to the coast. It is sparsely populated and is the main mining area in the state. Manufacturing industry is the main industry of national economy, and agricultural production is diversified. Cattle farms are distributed all over the state. Sheep are the main business in the central and southeastern plateau areas, and pigs and cattle are concentrated in the northern and northwestern regions. The country is also committed to the development of aquaculture, especially the continuous increase of salmon production. Tasmanian national flag, the cultural symbol of Tasmania, was designed and made in 1876 with a dark blue background. On the left, near the upper left corner of the flagpole, there is a British rice flag, which symbolizes the traditional relationship between this island country and Britain. On the right 1/2, there is a circular pattern in the center with a red lion on a white background. The emblem of Hobart, the capital of Tasmania, was designed and made in 19 17. In the center of the national emblem of Tasmania is a shield with red background in the upper left corner and lower right corner, a bunch of wheat in the upper left corner and a bunch of hops in the lower right corner. The upper right corner and the lower left corner of the shield are blue and white. There is a Shan Ying in the upper right corner and four apples unique to the island in the lower left corner. A narrow banner in the middle of the shield has a ram on a white background. There is an extinct Tasmanian tiger (also known as Tasmanian Wolf) on the left and right sides of the shield. Above the shield is a red lion. The lion's right front paw holds a pickaxe and a pickaxe, symbolizing the state's mining industry. The ribbon under the national emblem is written in Latin: UBERTAS ET FIDELITAS, which means "wealth and loyalty" in Chinese. The cultural symbol of Tasmania is the extinct Tasmanian tiger. The Tasmanian Wolf (English name: Thylacine, Ta *** anian wolf), also known as the Tasmanian Tiger, has stripes similar to tigers, and its ancestors may be widely distributed in the tropical rain forests of New Guinea and Australian grasslands. It belongs to marsupials. Like kangaroos, mothers have a pouch to give birth to immature cubs. It is nocturnal. 5,000 years ago, Australian wild dogs entered Australia with humans. The last marsupial wolf died on1September 7, 936. Died at Hobart Zoo in Tasmania. Now people can only see it from murals or museums. Huazhou Flower in Tiger State of Tasmania is a kind of Tasmanian eucalyptus, which is unique to the island. It grows rapidly, tall and straight, and there are lush eucalyptus forests in the mountains of Tasmania. History 1642, a man named Tasman discovered Tasmania and named it "Vandimans Land". 1790 or so, the British army landed on the island; It became a colony from 65438 to 0825. Before 1850, Vandimens was used as an exile, especially in Port Arthur, southeast of Hobart, the capital, where thousands of prisoners were held. 1856, the island began to exercise autonomy and was renamed Tasmania. 190 1 year, the Commonwealth of Australia was established and Tasmania joined to become a federal state. Mining (copper, zinc, tin and tungsten) and animal husbandry (wool) are the most important economic industries in Tasmania. Vision of the capital of Tasmania 3 At the beginning of the last ice age, Tasmania was connected with the Australian mainland. At the end of the Ice Age, the junction of the two banks was flooded by the melting snow, and the bass strait was formed. Tasmanian aborigines are the earliest known inhabitants of Tasmania. 1803 When the British settled, the indigenous population was about 5000 to 10000, and there were 9 tribes. However, with the execution and disease spread in Europe, the number of 1833 dropped sharply to 300 and was moved to Finland. It is generally believed that Chugnini (18 12- 1876) is the last known Tasmanian, but there is actually definite evidence that "Fanny Gao En Shi Mifu" is himself. The first recorded European who "discovered" this island was the Dutch explorer Abu Tasman, on1642165438+1October 24th. He named the island after his patron Antonio Van Diemen of the Dutch East India Company. Later, the British simplified the name to Van Di Mendes. 1777, Captain james cook arrived here and, together with many later European navigators, added colorful names to the landscape of this island. Prospect of Tasmania Capital 4 Abu Tasman also "discovered" Bruni Island in southern Tasmania in 1642. This island is an island in the southeast of Tasmania. Let Castay Strait and Storm Bay separate it from the main island of Tasmania. 1792, French explorer Bruni Jean Ente Castex surveyed the island and named it after it, whereas the original name of Australia was "Alonnah Lunawanna". /kloc-At the end of 0/9, during the late Qing Dynasty, a large number of Chinese workers sailed to Tasmania to mine, mainly concentrated in Scottsdale, a small town in the northeast. It is said that foreign Chinese also had a small conflict with local people on a small bridge because of interests. Most of them returned to China after work, and the rest moved to Melbourne and other places. The humble dwellings, dishes and even several China tombs left by miners in China have become the basis for historians' textual research. The town reorganized the site of China miners and called it "the footprint of Xilong" as a way to develop tourism. Political System The Tasmanian Parliament (located in Hobart, the state capital) consists of two houses, and the House of Representatives has 35 seats, which are elected according to the proportional representation system. Traditionally, the Senate is mainly a non-partisan House of Representatives, consisting of 65,438+09 constituencies, and each constituency has one member. The main political parties are the Australian Labor Party and the Australian Liberal Party. The state provides assistance to abandoned wives or husbands with children, wives of imprisoned husbands and unattended children, but the state is responsible for most social welfare. Tasmanians attach great importance to private ownership of housing, and apartments account for less than110. Natural resources Tasmania is rich in natural resources and covered with forests, most of which are natural broad-leaved trees, and conifer plantations are being established. In addition to providing raw materials for the construction industry, forest development is also used for papermaking (such as newsprint and high-quality writing paper), wood pulp, cardboard and plywood. Tasmania is mainly a mountainous area, which contains most of Australia's hydropower potential. The big eucalyptus forest area is rich in animal resources. Birds include honeysuckers, blackbirds, black magpies, black cockatoos and various other parrots. Mammals include wallabies, marsupials with brush tails and marsupials with ring tails, and carnivorous marsupials include marsupials, spotted marsupials and Tasmanian marsupials. There are all kinds of hairy-nosed wombats where liverworts grow and on the moor. The coastal zone is home to green rose parrots, egg-laying mammals, platypus and echidna. Vision of the capital of Tasmania Figure 5 The state is rich in mineral resources. The main mineral resources are iron, zinc, lead, copper, tin and tungsten. Climate characteristics Tasmania has a mild and pleasant climate and is called "the temperate island with the best climate in the world". Four distinct seasons, each with its own characteristics. In summer (65438+February, 65438+1October, February), the climate is mild and comfortable, with long nights and warm days, with an average maximum temperature of 2 1 Celsius (70 degrees Fahrenheit) and an average minimum temperature of 12 Celsius (54 degrees Fahrenheit); Autumn (March, April and May) is peaceful, refreshing and sunny, with an average maximum temperature of 17 degrees Celsius (63 degrees Fahrenheit) and an average minimum temperature of 9 degrees Celsius (48 degrees Fahrenheit). Winter (June, July and August) is fresh and cool, and the peak is covered with snow. The average maximum temperature is 12 C (54 F), and the average minimum temperature is 5 C (4 1 F). Spring (September, 65438+1October,165438+1October) is cool and fresh. Full of green eyes is the season when everything wakes up and is reborn. The average maximum temperature is 17 degrees Celsius (63 degrees Fahrenheit) and the average minimum temperature is 8 degrees Celsius (46 degrees Fahrenheit). Tasmania Capital Vision 2 Cultural Education Tasmania * * * implements compulsory education for residents aged 6 to 16. Colleges and universities include university of tasmania, TAFE College in Tasmania, public schools in Tasmania, Australian Ocean College in Tasmania and Hobart, Adele Taber Christian College. University of tasmania is the fourth oldest Australian university and one of the so-called "Shayan Universities", with campuses in Hobart, Launceston and Northwest China. University of tasmania has a world-class symphony orchestra, an island culture festival and a winter solstice festival to celebrate its connection with Antarctica. 1834 The Royal Theater built in Hobart is the oldest theater in Australia. The first Tasmanian Arts Festival was held in 1972. The cultural life of Tasmanians is extremely active, and various amateur orchestras, choirs and troupes regularly change their performances. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation received financial support from Hobart and Launceston City Councils to maintain the Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra. Tasmania also holds regular film festivals and arts festivals. Diversification of agricultural production in Tasmania. As of 20112, the number of sheep has increased to 5.3 million, and Tasmania produces more than 20,000 tons of wool every year. About 432,800 cows are used for meat production and 65,438+035,800 cows are used for milk production. Dairy industry is an important part of agricultural production, accounting for about 15% of the total agricultural output value. Some high-quality cheeses produced in Tasmania enjoy an international reputation. In the past 65,438+00 years, the apple production in this state has dropped to less than 60,000 tons, but apples are still an important crop here. Vegetables are mainly processed in the northeast and northwest regions, and the value of potatoes produced is about 60 million Australian dollars, accounting for about 25% of the total potato in Australia. Other crops include hops, green beans and peas. In addition to providing raw materials for the construction industry, the country produces more than 2 million tons of iron and scheelite every year, producing about 630 thousand tons of raw coal and 360 thousand tons of clean coal; The minerals with less output than coal are zinc, tin, copper, gold and silver; In addition, there are black coal, lead and sulfuric acid produced in the south. Most of Tasmania's electricity supply is through hydropower, which is managed by the Hydropower Commission. Manufacturing is the main industry of the state economy, accounting for almost 20% of Tasmania's gross national product. The employment opportunities provided by the manufacturing industry account for 17% of the whole state, and the products produced include food, textiles, clothing, shoes, wood, paper products, chemicals, metals, transportation equipment, industrial machinery and household appliances. Manufacturing mainly includes three areas: food and beverage, wood, wood products, furniture, paper, paper products, printed matter and publications. These three areas account for 60% of manufacturing turnover. The country is also committed to the development of aquaculture, especially the continuous increase of salmon production. Scenic Spot Wineglass Bay Wine Glass Bay is a famous scenic spot in Tasmania, located in Frazee National Park, overlooking the snow-white sandy bay, just like the foam on the edge of the wine glass, which is world-famous. The sea and sky are sparkling, and the waves kiss the white beach. The scenery is charming. The picturesque Cradle Mountain in Jiugui Bay is located at the northern end of Lake St Clare National Park, the Cradle Mountain in northwest Tasmania. The brochure says that it covers an area of about 1, 6 1, 000 hectares. It is also a part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area, where rare animals often appear and the natural reproduction of plants is cherished. Look carefully at the small convex rock between these two peaks, just like a baby lying quietly in the cradle, hence the name. The rather quiet and far-reaching Cradle Mountain (Cradle Mountain) is located 20 kilometers west of Hobart, about 20 minutes' drive, with an altitude of 1270 meters. There is a viewing platform at the top of the mountain, overlooking the whole Hobart and derwent rivers, and enjoying the snow scene in winter. Mount Wellington has become the first choice for tourists to watch Hobart because of its unique geographical location. Walk along the open hiking trail built by 1937 for about 2 hours to reach the top of the mountain. You can also drive along the rugged highway. Mount Wellington Antarctic Adventure Museum, maritime museum, Ta *** ania Botanical Garden, is located at the western end of Tasman Bridge in haubart, facing the Strait, only 10 minutes' walk from the city center and the pier. Botanical Garden was built in 18 17, which is one of the earliest national botanical gardens in Australia. The Botanical Garden covers an area of 1.3 square kilometers. In addition to planting and cultivating a variety of local plants, it also shows many trees and flowers from Europe and Asia. The organic combination of various plants makes the botanical garden show people different landscape pictures in different seasons, which makes people linger. This is one of the must-see attractions in Houbat. Royal Botanical Garden in Port Arthur, Tasmania, Tasman Peninsula, with green mountains and green waters, blue sea and blue sky and pleasant scenery, is only over an hour away from Hobart. However, it is famous for its numerous historical sites (listed in Australia's national heritage list) as prisoners held in colonial times. Port Arthur