Appreciation of tang style and Ge Sheng's Works

Uncle Kong also explained: "His compatriots either died in Chen (array) or saw prisoners ... His wife is alone in the room, and if Chen's wife hates you, she will stab you." Poets of later generations have their own opinions. Song Zhuxi's Biography of Poems says: "A woman has been with her husband for a long time, so she is said to be confused by Chu, but she was born in the wild and has her own support. But those who give her beauty are not lonely, so who is lonely?" Yurun's Primitive Book of Songs in the Qing Dynasty said: "Women have served abroad for a long time, and their life and death are unknown. It is even more inevitable that they will not return, so they mourn day and night, and winter and summer are difficult. When you are free, you can show your pillow, things are still rotten, and people are lonely. You can't help sighing. I think there is no reason to see him again in this life, only to return to his body after he is 100 years old, or to a cave with me. What does he want? " They all talk about "complaining about women" and don't stab the righteousness. They think this theory is more flexible than Shi Mao's Preface, but they think their pregnant husband is not dead. In the Qing Dynasty, Hao Yixing first disclosed the use of "corner pillows" and "brocade quilts" to receive the deceased, and pointed out: "Ge Sheng is also a funeral." Now many people believe it. It is very convincing to prove the purpose of mourning in this poem with words such as "dying here", "in the domain", "corner pillow", "brocade", "living in it" and "lonely". At the same time, we can directly start from the text, put aside the historical age, social background and even male and female words of the poem, and explain the poem in a broader sense, treating it as an ordinary mourning work, which will be more essential and wonderful.

The whole poem consists of five chapters, each with four sentences. Structurally, it can be divided into two parts. The first part consists of three chapters, the sentence is "Die here for beauty", the second part consists of two chapters, and the sentence is "After a hundred years old". Many scholars have no objection to the latter, but for the former, apart from the third chapter, the first and second chapters have three views of "Xing", "Bi" and "Fu". Careful consideration of words, "Ge Sheng Meng Chu (spine), Yi Yu Man Ye (domain)" two sentences, intertextuality, not only for the whole chapter, but also for the purpose of supporting lovers with rattan and grass, but also for the real description of the scenery seen in front of us, which may be said to be "Xing He". The images of "Xing", "Bi" and "Fu" at the beginning give the reader the first impression of desolation, desolation and depression, which makes him immediately enter the designated situation and prepare for an aesthetic view of tragic beauty. Then, read the sentence "Who will be lonely when giving beauty?" I know that poetry expresses the mourning for the deceased spouse, and readers who know something about the artistic techniques of The Book of Songs will immediately feel its comparative significance: the stems of wild vines are entangled in the bushes, just like lovers, but the protagonist in the poem is lonely, lonely and sad. The third chapter writes "To the grave, think about the pillow and make it fresh" (Hao Yixing's poem), "Corner pillow, brocade pillow, buried things are also. Extremely miserable and bitter, it is even more embarrassing to suddenly insert extremely bright words "(Niu Yunzhen's" Poetry "). And Who's Lonely is like explaining that Dan is a dying moment, and its meaning has developed relative to loneliness and solitude. Worried sleep stayed up all night, and his deep thoughts and sadness were beyond measure.

The sentences in the last two chapters are more repetitive than those in the first three chapters, except for the word "residence" and "room", which have similar meanings. However, it is not a simple repetition. The flashback of "Summer, Winter Night" to "Winter Night, Summer" cannot be interpreted as the natural formation of repeated lyrics, but the author deliberately did it. The two chapters reflect the endless homesickness of the hero in the poem day after day and year after year, flashing an eternal glory of pursuing love. The sigh of "I will go home (room) after I am 100 years old" also shows my profound understanding of the ultimate destination of my life journey full of emotional burdens, which seems to be in tune with the modern concept of "tragic consciousness of life".

It should be said that the excellent artistic effect of Ge Sheng is closely related to the special structure of the poem. Chen only commented: "This poem has five chapters. The first two chapters are a key, the last two chapters are a key, and the middle chapter is changed from the previous chapter to make a change. The word "Du Dan" is the beginning of "day", "night" and "century". Writing is unique in poetry. " (Quoted from Chen's Supplement to Reading Poems) The analysis is very thorough. Now people think that this article is not only called the ancestor of mourning poems, but also the swan song of mourning poems (comments on the Book of Songs by Zhu Shouliang), and it is arguably the masterpiece of mourning poems by Pan Yue and Yuan Zhen in later generations, and there is no pattern in this poem (Zhou Meng and The Book of Songs have been translated into hundreds).