What are the famous film and television companies in America?

Analysis:

United international film company

Paramount film company

Twentieth Century Fox Film Company

Columbia film industry company.

Warner Bros. Entertainment.

Mgm company

Lianmei company

Lei film co., ltd

Universal pictures limited.

Film production company. 1912 C. Ramo, the owner of American independent film company, merged his company with six or seven small film companies such as N. Bowles to form Universal Film Company, which became one of the eight major companies in American film industry in the 1930s and 1940s. 19 14, Remo built a studio and location shooting site in northern Hollywood, named Universal City. 1965438+Global City officially opened in March 2005; 250 films were produced that year. During the 1930s and 1940s, a large number of low-budget films were produced, most of which were westerns, musicals, horror films and funny films. For example, horror films starring B Karlov, musicals starring D Durbin, and funny films starring B Apo and L castelo all have high box office value and are profitable. Among its products, there are few serious works like All Quiet on the Western Front (1930). 1946 universal pictures and international film companies merged into universal international company. 1952, Dika Records resumed its old name after purchasing most of the shares of Universal International. Later, the company was owned by American Music Company (MGA) until the 1980s. In the 1950s, the practice of mass production of low-cost films was changed, and the policy of less production was adopted to improve the technical quality. At the same time, independent filmmakers are subsidized to make films, including many successful films, such as Spartacus (1960). In the 1960s, the company focused on providing TV movies and movies for TV screening. At the same time, as a tourist center of Hollywood, Universal City is open to tourists and its profits are doubled. In the 1970s, influential American Style Painting (1973) and Jaws (1975) were produced, which were the most profitable entertainment films in the company's history.

Paramount film company

Film production and distribution company. A. Chukor founded the famous actor company on 19 12, and J. L. Lars founded the Jesse L. Lasky feature film company on the basis of 19 13. 19 16 The above two production companies merged to form the famous actor Lasky Company. The following year, the new company merged with 12 production company; Later, Paramount Film Distribution Company merged, and 1927 was renamed Paramount-an actor-Lasky Company. 1930, Pablix, which owns several cinemas, was merged and renamed Paramount Pablix, and gradually developed into a big Hollywood company. 1930 company was declared bankrupt by the federal district court of new york due to leadership contradiction and mismanagement, and Paramount Film Company was reorganized on 1935. The new company made a series of profitable films, starring M. Weist, B. Crosby, B. Hopf, D. Ramo, G. Cooper and C. Colbert, and rose again. At that time, the directors of the company were J.von Sternberg, E. Liu Bieqian and R. Mamarian. In the 1940s, the company discovered and absorbed many new people, such as A Ryder, V Lake, B Lancaster, K Douglas and others. The directors are B Wilder and P sturgis. The company's most profitable film in the 1940s was Walk with Me. In the 1950s and 1960s, Paramount, like other big companies, was hit by the depression of the American film industry, resulting in a decline in film production and income. 1966 Petroleum Capital Group acquired Paramount, making it a subsidiary of Gulf and Western oil companies. With the revival of the American film industry in 1970s, Paramount made films with high box office value, such as The Godfather (Episode I and Episode II), Grease and Weekend. The company made a surplus year by year and reached a record figure in 1978.

Twentieth Century Fox Film Company

Film production and distribution company. Founded in May of 1935, it was formed by the merger of Fox Film Company, a big company in the silent film era, and 20th century film company, and it was one of the top five film companies in 1930s and 1940s. At that time, the directors of the company were Liu Bieqian, Kazan, otto Preminger, etc., and there were many movie stars loved by the audience, such as Yang, Fonda and Peck. They made some films with certain quality. During this period, the films produced by the company have different styles and uneven artistic quality, but the technical quality of the films is relatively high. The Flowers of Wrath, directed by J Ford in t940, can be regarded as an excellent example of artistic and technical quality. Since the 1950s, the American film industry has entered a period of decline. In order to compete with the emerging TV, the company is committed to studying the commercial application of widescreen. On September 1953 and 16, the wide-screen feature film "Robe" adapted from the Bible story was shown in Rokeya Cinema in new york. This first wide-screen feature film is not only the most profitable film since the establishment of the company, but also a technological breakthrough since the film moved from silent film to audio film. In 1960s, the film Cleopatra (1963, translated as Cleopatra), which was the most expensive film in American film history, failed to be produced. 1972, "Poseidon in distress" was released, which created a flood of disaster film style in the 1970s. In the late 1970s, the company rarely made films. 198 1 year, the big oil merchant M. Davis bought this company.

Columbia film company

Film production and distribution company. 1920, brothers H. Cohen, J. Cohen and J. Brandt, who used to work in Universal Studios, set up a small company in Hollywood called CBC Film Sales Company. 1924 changed its name to Columbia Film Company, and in 1930s it developed into one of the eight major American film companies, which mainly benefited from the shrewdness of H. Cohen and the creative ability of the company's director F. capra. Capra worked in the company for 65,438+00 years and shot many well-known comedies, including One-Night Stand (65,438+0934), Mr. Dis in the City (65,438+0936) and Mr. Smith in Washington (65,438+0936). In 1950s, Colombian companies began to make films by subsidizing independent filmmakers and directors. The company has sponsored some well-known directors to make films, such as S. spiegel, D. Lynn, O. otto Preminger, E. Kashan, R. Rosen, F. Zineman, etc., and produced many high-quality and influential films, such as Born Yesterday (1950) and Immortality (65433). During the American film crisis in 1950s and 1960s, Columbia Company sold old movies to TV stations through its subsidiary Screen Treasures Company, and made TV movies for TV stations, becoming one of the earliest big companies in Hollywood to combine TV. 1968 was reorganized and renamed Columbia Film Industry Company, and its two major subsidiaries, Columbia Film Company and Screen Treasure Company, continued to invest in independent film, TV film production and emerging video tape industry. In the 1980s, the company was affiliated with Coca-Cola Company of the United States.

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Warner Bros.

Film production and distribution company. 1923 was founded by Warner 4 brothers in April. Headquartered in new york at that time, the studio was located in burbank near Hollywood. Warner Bros. 19 17 began to engage in film distribution and projection business in new york, and the establishment of Warner Company to produce films was the expansion of its business. 1925 took over Vitagrave Film Company, 1927 produced and distributed the first sound film "Jazz Singer" in film history, thus making Warner Company enter the ranks of the eight major Hollywood film companies in the early 1930s. Warner Company was famous for shooting gangster films, musical films and biographies in 1930s, especially those starring Robinson, Jacqueline and Bogart. There are also many well-known works in biographies, such as The Biography of Zola starring P. Muni (1937). Warner's films are generally simple, compact and low-cost, and the theme is more or less related to the American economic crisis in the early 1930s. During the depression of American movies in 1950s, Warner turned its financial resources to making TV series. Since the 1960s, more and more films have been made by investing in independent filmmakers. Successfully filmed My Fair Lady (1964), Killing Virginia Woolf (1966), Bonnie and Clyde (1967) and so on. 1967 Seven Arts Company, which distributes TV movies in Canada, acquired Warner Company and changed its name to Warner-Seven Arts Company. Two years later, Warner-Qiyi Company was transferred to a large enterprise group-Jinnei National Service Company and reorganized into Warner Trading Company. The company operates a wide range of businesses, and the production and distribution of movies is just one of them.

Mgm company

Film company. 1924 may 17, M. Lowe, the owner of Rockwell Company in the United States, merged Mitro Film Company, galvin Film Company and L. B. Meyer Film Company to form MGM Company. In the heyday of Hollywood in 1930s, MGM was the largest film company, producing 40-50 films every year. MGM has the most popular movie stars and directors in America during this period, such as G. Garbo, C. Gable, J. Hello, S. Tracy, R. Taylor, J. Crawford, N. Sheila and so on. , as well as directors such as E von Strauhen, K Vito, F Langer, G George Cukor, V, etc. From the 1930s to the end of World War II, MGM made hundreds of films, except a piece of meat for the rest of my life, mutiny on the bounty (1935) and La Traviata. MGM produces this kind of film day after day like an industrial product assembly line in a factory, and has made great efforts to win the reputation of "DreamWorks" for Hollywood. From the late 1940s to the early 1950s, MGM once focused on shooting large-scale musical films, and made several distinctive musical films, such as Singing in the Rain (1952). In the 1950s, there was a crisis in the American film industry. By the early 1960s, the company was losing money year after year, and the film production was declining year by year. From the early 1970s to the 1980s, only three or four films were made each year. In the early 1970s, K. Kerkorian, a big capitalist in Las Vegas, bought MGM. The new executives auctioned off all MGM props and costumes, and invested their money in real estate, hotels and other profits in casinos such as Las Vegas and Reno. By the end of 1970s, MGM prospered again, but production was only one of the company's extensive business scope. 198 1 year, MGM invested in the acquisition of American companies and changed its name to MGM-American Entertainment Company.

United artists company

Film production and distribution company. 16 19 was founded by C. Chaplin, D. Van Punk, M. Bickford and D. W. Griffith. The purpose is to get rid of the bondage and exploitation of big film companies and strive for more creative freedom and greater profits. The original idea was just to produce and distribute the works of four founders. Later, due to Griffith's withdrawal, the number of works by Chaplin, Van Punk and others was limited, so the company focused on subsidizing independent filmmakers to make films and distribute their films. America was different from other film companies at that time. It doesn't have its own studio and needs to rent a venue to shoot. There are no movie stars and directors hired by themselves, and they make movies by investing in independent filmmakers; Without its own cinema, the distribution of films is in the form of signing contracts with publishers one by one. The United States was the first large company to adopt the production and sales methods popular in the United States in the 1960s. This mode of operation and the relative independence of directors enable the United States to shoot and distribute some films with certain influence and artistic achievements in addition to entertainment films. For example, Chaplin's The Gold Rush (1925), Modern Times (1936), The Great Dictator (1940), Life on the Stage (1952) and David Griffith's Scarface. United States was founded as a small company in new york, and gradually developed into one of the eight major companies in the American film industry from the 1920s to the mid-1930s. In 1950s, the American film industry entered a period of depression and recession, and Chaplin and Billy sold their shares to financial capitalists one after another. After that, the United States changed hands several times, and was finally bought by MGM boss K. Kerkorian at 198 1, and merged with MGM to change its name to MGM-American Entertainment Company.

Lei film co., ltd

Film production and distribution company. One of the eight American film companies in the 1930s. There are different opinions about the establishment time and course of China Radio and Television Station. Most of them said that 1928 was formed by the merger of American movie ticket pre-sale company (part-time producer) and Keith-Albee-Orpheum commercial projection system by American Radio and Television China Company in Rockefeller Financial Group. Because two companies in the new company were originally specialized in distribution and screening, the new company is very strong in this respect. Since its establishment, the company has not only released its own films, but also released films by W Disney and others for a long time. Radio and Television China Film Company has existed for a short time. H Hughes bought Radio and Television China Company on 1948, and sold it to General Tire & Rubber Company around 1955, but resold the studio and films made in recent 30 years to Desilu Film Company on 1957. In the 1960s, Gulf and Western oil companies acquired Desilu Studio. From 1929, the first film "Lev Lee Tae" was produced by Radio and Television China Company to 1957, the last film "The Biggest Girl", about 1500 films were produced and distributed, most of which were low-cost entertainment films, especially some horror films, thrillers and a few F. Yastan. However, there are a few exceptions, such as Citizen Kane by D. Wells (194 1), Abesen family (1942) and Honey trap by A. Hitchcock (194 1).