Auschwitz-Birkenau and Auschwitz

Among hundreds of Nazi concentration camps, Auschwitz is the most famous. The concentration camp bigger than Auschwitz is Birkenau, the second concentration camp of Auschwitz. Because concentration camp No.1 was overwhelmed, 5438+094 1, 10 In June, the Nazis built Birkenau not far from Auschwitz. Many familiar movie scenes are filmed here-the death train full of Jews enters the concentration camp through the iconic arch under the Braun Tower, and the end of the track is the gas chamber and cremator. Millions of prisoners were held here, 165438+ ten thousand people were killed.

Auschwitz is a small town in southern Poland. During World War II, Nazi Germany established the largest concentration camp here, so this town is famous all over the world. The concentration camp has strict internal barriers and dense surrounding power grids. It is equipped with columns, gallows, poison gas bathroom and cremation furnace. It consists of Auschwitz I, Auschwitz II (Birkenau in English) and Auschwitz III (Monowitz in English), which is the place where Hitler carried out the policy of genocide. Jews, Gypsies, prisoners of war, intellectuals, members of resistance organizations, "sociopaths", Jehovah's Witnesses and homosexuals from more than 30 countries including Germany, the Soviet Union, Poland, France, Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, the Netherlands, Belgium, Norway, Italy, Spain and China were detained in concentration camps. About 90% of the victims were Jews from all over Europe. Most of them were killed by the poisonous gas in the gas chamber Zicron B. Other causes of death were hard labor, disease, individual executions and so-called "medical experiments".

Auschwitz concentration camp was built on April 27th, 1940/KLOC-0, ordered by heinrich luitpold himmler, leader of the Nazi SS. The concentration camp * * * has three commanders: Rudolf Franz Ferdinand Hess,1900 165438+1October 25th-1April 94716, working hours in the concentration camp:/kloc- 190 1 year165438+1October 25th-1948 65438+1October 28th, working hours in concentration camps:1943. 1 911September 9-1June 963 17, working hours in the concentration camp:1944-19451

Auschwitz I: the former concentration camp, as the management center of the concentration camp in the whole Auschwitz area. About 70,000 Polish intellectuals, members of resistance organizations, "sociopaths", homosexuals and Soviet prisoners of war were killed here. Military and economic enterprises serving the Germans are all located here.

Auschwitz II (Birkenau): This is an extinction camp. Its main task is to carry out mass slaughter in the gas chamber. About 960,000 Jews, 75,000 Poles and 65,438+0.9 million Gypsies were slaughtered here. In addition, there are several smaller concentration camps: the agricultural camp in Buda, the poultry camp in Jiazeze, the vegetable camp in Risco and some medical and chemical laboratories.

Monowitz: This is a labor camp consisting of a main concentration camp and 39 small concentration camps, also called Renner-Monowitz, named after Renner Synthetic Rubber Factory on the original site of Monowitz. The owner of the concentration camp is Ig Faben, the largest chemical company in Germany. About 1 1, 000 prisoners work in Monowitz, responsible for coal mining, cement and rubber production. Doctors from Auschwitz II will come here on time and send people who can't work to the gas chamber.

1939, after Poland was occupied by Nazi Germany, Auschwitz belonged to the sphere of influence of Nazi Germany, and the word "Auschwitz" was changed from Nazi to "Auschwitz". 1At the end of 939, local Nazi leaders and police leaders planned to build a concentration camp here. Soon, some well-trained German Nazis began to build concentration camps and finally found an ideal place in Auschwitz. The concentration camp was chosen in an open area on the edge of Auschwitz. The main reason for choosing to build a camp here is that it is a large railway transportation hub, which is convenient for transporting "prisoners". The main business is the location of the management department of the entire Auschwitz concentration camp.

1On April 27th, 940, Himmler, the leader of Nazi German SS, officially approved the construction of Auschwitz concentration camp, which was in charge of the notorious Rudolf Huss. The original Auschwitz concentration camp covered less than 6 hectares. 1On June 4th, 940, the first batch of 728 Polish and German political prisoners were taken into custody. Auschwitz Toll Station No.1 often accommodates 13000 to 16000 people, and 1942 can accommodate up to 20000 people.

1 941March1day, after Himmler inspected Auschwitz concentration camp, he ordered Rudolf Hus to expand it into a super concentration camp with three functions of imprisonment, labor and extinction.

1941June, after Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union, a large number of Soviet prisoners of war were taken into concentration camps one after another.

194 1 On September 3rd, 2008, the poison gas "Qikelong B" was used to kill people for the first time in Auschwitz concentration camp. The test site is the basement of Young Camp Building 2. The subjects were 600 male Soviet prisoners of war and 250 male prisoners selected from concentration camp hospitals.

194 1, 10, the Nazis expelled the prisoners of Auschwitz I and built Auschwitz II (Birkenau). The expanded Auschwitz concentration camp has a total area of 15.5 square kilometers, and a special railway leads from the south gate to the northern end of the concentration camp. There are four poisonous gas "bathrooms" for mass slaughter, a corpse storage cellar and a corpse incinerator, which can kill12,000 people at the same time, and the equipped corpse incinerator can burn 8,000 corpses every day. By 1942, the Nazis had built Auschwitz III in Monowitz near Auschwitz. Later, from 1942 to 1944, 39 concentration camps were built in local smelters, mines and factories, so that Nazi Germany could make good use of these free labor. At the beginning of 1945, Nazi Germany faced defeat. In order to destroy the evidence, Nazi gangsters blew up these mass destruction devices.