What do you know about life in space?

1 Be sure to hold it in your sleeping bag when you sleep.

Always use a cup with a straw to drink water.

You must wear shoes with hooks on the soles when walking.

Take a bath with special shower equipment.

The mission astronaut walked out of the capsule to perform the mission, and he had strict working standards. Another is that you may have space syndrome and have to rest for a few days before you can go out to work.

The cosmic environment is extremely harsh, and the main factors harmful to human body are high vacuum, high hypoxia, cosmic radiation, temperature difference and so on. These unfavorable factors will cause serious harm to the human body. In this environment, astronauts cannot live and work. Facing the severe space environment, how to ensure the life safety of astronauts? Our scientists and technicians have developed a closed environment that is basically isolated from the outside world, that is, a closed cockpit, to protect astronauts.

One is in the morning and the other is in the evening.

People's long-term living habit is to "work at sunrise and rest at sunset", and sleep is usually arranged at night. The day and night cycle of spacecraft in space flight is different from our day and night cycle on earth. A day on earth is sunset and sunrise, which is set to 24 hours. A sunset and a sunrise in space flight have different periods, because it is related to the orbit of spacecraft around the earth. High orbit and long day and night cycle; When the orbit is low, the cycle of day and night is short. During the space flight of spacecraft, the duration of day and night is inconsistent. The duration of the day is long, and the duration of the night is short. The day and night cycle is 90 minutes, and the longest night is only 37 minutes. When a spaceship enters the dark side from the front of the earth, it is like entering dusk and night from day. The space shuttle is very fast. When the sun comes out, it jumps out like thunder, and when it goes down, it disappears like a whirlwind.

An astronaut once described a day in the universe: in the morning, a computer-controlled clock woke us up. Wake up, open the curtains and look at the space. The sun is shining and the sky is beautiful. But after a while, the sun disappeared, the sky darkened and night came. We think it's time to go to bed again. It's really interesting, one is in the morning and the other is in the evening. ...

Sleeping standing is the same as sleeping lying down.

The most special thing in space is sleeping position. When the body is completely relaxed in weightlessness, it will naturally form a bow posture. Aerospace experts believe that it is much more comfortable to sleep in space with a slight bow than to lie flat completely straight.

When astronauts fly in space, sleeping bags are usually fixed on the bulkhead of the spacecraft. If not, the attitude inside the spacecraft may collide with the bulkhead when the engine is started. Therefore, astronauts generally prefer to sleep with sleeping bags close to the bulkhead, which is as comfortable as sleeping in a bed. In weightlessness, you can't tell up and down. Sleeping standing is the same as sleeping lying down. So astronauts can sleep against the ceiling, or they can sleep upright against the wall, and sleep as they want.

Because people float in weightlessness, astronauts will find it difficult and inconvenient to move, and their movements are not as coordinated as on the ground. If you sit unsteadily and stagger, you may make a big turn as soon as you look up and lean back, and you may tumble when you bend over, so you should be careful in all actions.

Astronauts can overlook the earth in space flight, which is also a great pleasure of their space life. Since ancient times, flying into space has been the best daydream of mankind. The earth seen by astronauts on the spaceship is very beautiful. It is a green sphere. Look carefully during the day, most of the earth is light blue, and the dense forest belt looks bluer. The only real green belt is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. Some alpine lakes look bright and bright green, like the color of copper sulfate areas. In areas where the temperature is very low and there are no clouds, such as high mountains like the Himalayas in China, we can clearly see the landform there. The most dazzling spectacle that astronauts can see is the Kavil Salt Desert in Iran. This desert looks like Jupiter, with a red, brown and white whirlpool in the middle. This is because of the dazzling traces left by the evaporation of salt lakes from generation to generation. It sparkles like jade.

Physical exercise is essential.

Astronauts can't live in space without physical exercise. In addition to enhancing physical fitness, it also has its special significance: enhancing the adaptability to weightlessness and other space environments, and reducing the harmful effects of harsh environment on astronauts in space flight. In the long-term space station, there is a "small stadium" specially designed for astronauts to exercise, and some special space sports equipment is also set up for astronauts to use. These devices include bicycle dynamometer, miniature track, spring tensioner and negative pressure cylinder.

Astronauts who travel in space, like people on earth, need personal hygiene treatment, such as brushing their teeth, washing their faces, taking a bath, urinating and so on. Dealing with sanitation and garbage under weightlessness is very complicated and requires special facilities and skills.

When you brush your teeth in weightlessness, toothpaste foam is easy to float, and water droplets will float in the cabin, which will affect people's health and the normal work of the instrument. Astronauts in the spaceship can't bring tools and methods to brush their teeth on the ground. In that case, water may float if it leaks out at a certain point, so astronauts can only brush their teeth in a simpler way. The United States uses a special kind of rubber candy, which allows astronauts to chew fully instead of brushing their teeth to achieve the purpose of cleaning their teeth. When an astronaut washes his face, he actually scrubs his face with a wet towel soaked in cleaning solution. Then, put a towel on the massage brush to comb your hair.

Astronauts need to take a bath if they live in the space station for a long time. The long-term manned space station is equipped with space bathroom facilities designed and manufactured by aerospace engineers and technicians. This bathroom is nothing more than a powerful nylon cloth shower cover. There are fixed frames above and below the shower cover, and the ceiling is connected with the floor, which becomes a closed shower cover, which is usually folded and fixed on the ceiling of the living room. The ceiling is also provided with a circular water tank, a nozzle, an electric heater, a water tank for bathing and a pipeline communicated with the large water tank.

Before bathing, prepare the purification adsorbent in the wastewater recovery and purification device, recover and purify the sewage during bathing, then clean the water supply pipeline, pumping device, filtering and purification device (to remove impurities and odor), put down the nylon cover rolled on the ceiling, and fix it directly to the bottom frame to form a drum connected to the ceiling floor, just like a completely transparent glass jar. Start the electric heater to heat the water in the water tank to a suitable temperature, then people can take off their clothes and enter the bathroom. There is a pair of fixed slippers under the cylinder, so that people will not float after wearing them. You should wear a respirator before turning on the tap. The respirator is connected with a hose leading to the outside. Astronauts can breathe the air in the cabin to avoid the danger that the mixture of air and water vapor is inhaled into the respiratory tract during bathing. Astronauts cover their ears and wear goggles when taking a shower, just like divers. After everything is ready, you can turn on the faucet, and a thin stream of water sprays on your body, forming a water film with countless bubbles on it. You must suck up the water with a towel or a suction brush. Water will not automatically flow out under weightlessness, and when there is air in the water tank under pressure, water will flow out continuously.

The disposal of astronauts' urine on the spacecraft is also quite scientific. The urinal is specially made, and the toilet is connected with a plastic sleeve. Close the rubber valve quickly after defecation, and the feces will fall into the breathable feces collection bag through the airflow, and then be sealed with a sealing bag and put into the toilet. When it is full, it will automatically pop out of the cabin.

This is the special life of astronauts. Isn't it really wonderful?

The first perspective: Meeting China Aerospace, by Zhao Yan Beijing Publishing House 2003. 1 1 Price: 2 1.00 Yuan.

The leisure life of astronauts. Astronauts working in space need a combination of work and rest to complete the heavy space scientific research tasks. In order to kill free time, astronauts created baseball, football, "indoor" golf and water polo games in weightlessness. They can also do somersaults, somersaults, big jumps and fly around in the cargo hold of the space shuttle. When they are bored and lonely, they tell jokes, anecdotes, humor and comedies; People who really don't want to move can watch TV, electronic newspapers and famous books, and send "Yi Meier" to friends and relatives on earth.

Astronauts don't have to wear shoes in space, and there are no so-called special shoes. Because in weightlessness, they can't walk like on the ground. However, foreign astronauts will wear thick socks to protect their feet.

Astronauts will grow taller in space. Because under the condition of long-term weightlessness, the vertebrae of the human body can generally grow to a height of 2.5 ~ 5 cm because they are not compressed by gravity and expand each other. Astronauts don't want to "grow taller" in space, because the spine gets taller, but the back muscles don't grow with it, which leads to back pain. Almost all astronauts have experienced such pain in their first week in space, and they will curl up to relieve the pain.

Astronauts are always "unaccompanied" in the vast space. In order to alleviate their loneliness in space, scientists have thought of many ways. After the 1980s, the United States and the former Soviet Union successively set up "special telephone lines for space" so that astronauts could talk with their families. Nasa also announced the telephone number 900-4 10-6272, making it a busy hotline for every space shuttle. 190000 calls flew into space in five days when challenger made its maiden voyage in April, 1983.