I want to make a creation with plum blossoms and ask for some ideas.

Plum blossom "one tree alone leads the world to spring" is a wonderful flower in China and the pride of many nationalities. According to the investigation, plum blossom is wild in the forests of 10 provinces from Tibet through Yunnan, Hubei, Anhui and Zhejiang to Taiwan Province Province, and has been used in China for more than 3,000 years. There are more than 200 varieties of plum blossoms, which are excellent in spirit, posture, color, posture and fragrance. They are all elites introduced and domesticated from ancient wild plum.

Plum blossom is a branch of Komei, which evolved from wild plum. In the past hundred years, botanists, gardeners and gardeners have collected and investigated many wild regrets in vast areas. These wild plum trees are irrefutable evidence that plum blossoms originated in China, and they are also important living materials for scientific research on original species of plum blossoms.

In the southwest mountainous area, the distribution of wild plum is high. For example, wild merlin is found in Bomi, Tibet, at an altitude of 2 100 ~ 3300 meters. In Yunnan Province, wild plums are almost all over the province except the south, especially in Xiaguan, Dali and Eryuan areas in northwest Yunnan (altitude 1800 ~ 2600 meters). In Sichuan, it is mainly produced in mountain jungles such as Danba, Wenchuan, Guangyuan, Wanyuan, Xichang, Huili and Hanyuan, with an altitude of 1300 ~ 2500m. In Yichang and Enshi in western Hubei, wild plums are distributed in low altitude mountains (300 ~ 1000m). Therefore, the southwest mountainous areas, especially Yunnan and Sichuan provinces, are the distribution centers of wild plums in China and extend to western Hubei.

As for the sub-center of wild plum distribution, it is a banded region from southern Hubei, northwestern Jiangxi, southern Anhui to western Zhejiang. For example, wild plums are scattered in the broad-leaved evergreen and deciduous mixed forest at an altitude of 170 meters in the back mountain of Changfeng Brigade in Nie Jia Town, Tingsi District, Xianning City, southern Hubei Province. Wild plum is mainly produced in the mixed forest of mushroom farm in Shita No.3 mining area, Yaoli Township, Jingdezhen City, Jiangxi Province, with an altitude of about 300 meters and sporadic distribution. There are wild plums scattered in 1984 ~ 1985 near Furong Bridge on the east slope of Shexian County and Huangshan Scenic Area in Anhui Province (about 200 meters above sea level). There are also wild plums scattered in mixed forests dominated by evergreen broad-leaved trees in Zhejiang. In addition, there are wild plum trees in Guangxi and Fujian.

People in ancient China used plums for at least 3000 years. Scriptures Telling Life; "If you cook soup, you will only find salt and plums", which is the importance of Emperor Gaozong to Premier Fu Shuo: just as salt and plums are used to make soup. According to salt, plum, soy sauce and vinegar in Shang Dynasty. This ancient cooking habit has only survived among the Bai people in Xiaguan and other places in Yunnan.

1975 the discovery of yin ruins in Anyang, Henan province coincides with the description in the book of songs. Archaeologists unearthed an exquisite eating utensil in Yin Ruins-a bronze tripod filled with carbonized plum kernels. The pit is oblate and pointed at both ends, slightly smaller than the fresh one, chestnut black, and the surface is densely covered with a small honeycomb core, which is a typical classification feature of plum pit. It has been identified by carbon 14 for more than 3200 years. As early as the middle of Shang Dynasty, the ancients had already eaten plums (fruit plums).

Later, there were more and more accounts about plum trees and plums. For example, Zhou Li Tianguan said, "Diet is actually dry." After investigation, Zha is an ancient name for edible plum. In the famous collection of national songs named The Book of Songs around the 6th century BC, there is a poem called Love with Plums, which is a passionate love song. A girl throws plums at a boy she likes, which has a deep meaning. At the same time, The Plum Companion reflects that plum trees were quite common in Zhaonan, Shaanxi at that time. That is to say, at least in the Spring and Autumn Period 2500 years ago, the domestication process of introducing wild plums into Jiamei began.

In the Yangtze River valley, the ancient plum art also started from the production of plums (fruits). For example, among the cultural relics unearthed from the tomb of the Western Han Dynasty in Mawangdui, Changsha, Hunan Province, many pottery pots contain well-preserved plum cores and dried plum vegetables. At the same time, the unearthed bamboo slips recorded the words "Mei", "Hua Mei" and "Yuan Mei", which were the names of processed plum products at that time. This shows that as early as the early Western Han Dynasty, people in the Yangtze River valley in China had introduced and cultivated plum trees and used them in processing food in various ways. In addition, among the funerary objects unearthed from the Han Tomb in Jiangling, Hubei Province, there is also a plum pit, whose historical period is similar to Changsha.

In ancient times, ancestors collected wild plums mainly for processing food or offering sacrifices. However, because plum blossom is bred in the ice and blooms in the snow, it is white and scarlet, and its fragrance floats. In the cold winter season of the north wind, only it is "the first spring in the world". Therefore, in the process of taking fruit as the main purpose, people gradually appreciate its beauty in spirit, appearance, color, appearance and fragrance, which arouses people's love and yearning for plum blossom. However, in the long-term domestication and cultivation process, only a few plants have appeared compound petals, double petals, terraces, exotic petals or sepals, novel branching posture and so on. Therefore, people are willing to breed and cultivate independently, thus cultivating a number of ornamental plum varieties.

Therefore, "Huamei" should be a wonderful flower separated from the "Guo Mei" that began in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. For example, "Miscellaneous Notes on Xijing" said: "A forest garden was built in the early Han Dynasty, and different trees were presented in the distance, including Zhu Mei and Rouge Plum". He also said, "There were Hou Mei, Tongxin Mei, Zi Timei and Li Youmei in the gardens of Han Dynasty.". Although these varieties only have names, literally, they are all ornamental varieties such as "Palace Powder", and some new products with double petals have appeared. Later, Yang Xiong wrote Shu Du Fu, which was described as "cherry blossom, plum blossom and magnolia tree". It can be seen that plum was used as an urban landscaping material in Chengdu about two thousand years ago.

Throughout the Jin Dynasty, plum blossoms were widely planted, and poets chanted more and more. For example, Lu Kai, the nephew of the famous Wu Dong star Lu Xun, was once the prime minister, and his words were very elegant. He has a close friend Ye Fan in Chang 'an. Spring returned to the earth, and when the plum blossoms came out early, he picked a plum blossom from Jingzhou and mailed it to Ye Fan, with a short poem: "Send it to the leader, there is nothing in the south of the Yangtze River, and I will give you a spring back." "Spring" can be a "gift" from Lu Kai. Since then, plum blossoms have spread friendship and become a much-told story.

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, plum blossom was widely used, and poetry and romance were also popular. Such as "Jinling Zhi" cloud; "Princess Shouyang of Song Wudi (Emperor Wu of Song) lies under Zhang Dianmei every day, and the plum blossom falls on her forehead. When she opens at five o'clock, she can't get rid of it, and the plum blossom makeup is effective." This may be the beginning of plum blossom pattern used for beautification. Others, such as Song and Yuan Dynasties, all have plum blossom poems. Among them, He Xun's Singing Plums in the Snow, Geng Xin's Plum Blossom and Xiao Gang's Plum Blossom Fu are the most popular. All these indicate that the cultivation and application of plum blossom are gradually flourishing, and more and more scholars appreciate it. Therefore, from the Han and Jin Dynasties to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, "Mei became famous for her flowers".

In time, plum blossom cultivation flourished in Sui (58 1 ~ 6 18), Tang (6 18 ~ 907) and the Five Dynasties (907 ~ 960), and the varieties also increased. This has attracted more attention of scholars, who take plum blossom as their creative theme, which makes plum blossom famous. For example, Song Jing, a famous minister in the Tang Dynasty, saw plum blossoms in full bloom in Dongchuan's official residence. He felt conscious, so he wrote "Plum Blossom Fu" and said, "Who dares to compete for the first place! Praise words such as "Yingying is unsmiling, the hive is quiet, and it is early spring, which is perfect" and "Dare to disobey, you can marry a gentleman's day" have played a considerable role in promoting the popularization of plum blossom and the expansion of the scale of artistic plum blossom.

Yongmei wrote many poems in the Tang Dynasty, such as plum blossom poems written by Du Fu, Li Bai, Han Yu, Du Mu, Liu Zongyuan, Bai Juyi, Zhang Jiuling and Li Shangyin. According to Huayang County Records, at the beginning of the Five Dynasties, Wang Jian was king according to Shu and lived in Bimeiyuan, Chengdu. When Meng Zhixiang was king in Chengdu, there was an old plum tree in another garden called "Meilong". All this shows that as early as the Tang and Five Dynasties, many plum blossoms were cultivated in East China, Central China or West China. Its central area is the plains of Hangzhou and Chengdu from east to west.

In the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, plum blossom products were mainly Jiang Mei and Gongfen. However, in Sichuan, a variety of cinnabar (called "red plum") appeared. For example, "The Whole Tang Poetry" says: "There are several plums in Zhoushujun Pavilion". Today, there are still many famous cinnabar plum trees in Chongqing county, which has its historical origin.

400 years (960 ~ 1368) in Song and Yuan Dynasties was the prosperous period of ancient art plum in China. During this period, many excellent works appeared in both Shi Mei and Mei, and Mei Huahe also stood out and shined brilliantly. At the same time, new strains, new categories, new categories and new varieties of plum blossoms have increased. Plum blossoms are colorful, with bursts of plum shadows, forming the climax of artistic plum blossoms in history.

As far as Mei's poems are concerned, Lin Bu (He Jing) lived in seclusion in the lonely mountain of Hangzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty, planted plum blossoms instead of marrying, and set off cranes, which was called "the wife of Mei, the crane" and was passed down as an eternal story. The famous sentence in his poem "Xiaomei in the Mountain Garden" is "the shadows are scattered and the water is clear, and the moon is fragrant", which is the most popular. Another example is Su Shi, Qin Guan and Wang Anshi in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Lu You, Chen Liang and Fan Chengda in the Southern Song Dynasty. Many famous plum blossom poems have been handed down to this day. Wang Anshi's Plum Blossoms: "There are several plums in a corner, and hanling blooms alone. I know from a distance that it is not snow, because it has a faint fragrance. " Lu You's Plum Blossom: "When I visited Jincheng West, I was drunk for Plum Blossom. Twenty miles on, Qingyang Palace goes to Wanxi. "

Fan Chengda in the Southern Song Dynasty was a master of appreciating, regretting, acting and recalling plum blossoms. He collected 12 plum blossom varieties in Pifan Village, Shihu, Suzhou, and wrote a book "China Plum Blossom" in about 1 186, which is also the first plum blossom monograph in the world. It can be seen that in the Song Dynasty, plum blossom cultivation flourished and varieties increased, and plum blossom art became a popular fashion.

In the Yuan Dynasty, there was a Wang Mian who loved Mei, Mei, Mei and Mei. He lived in seclusion in Jiulishan, where he planted thousands of plum blossoms. He calls himself "Plum Blossom House", and his paintings and Mo Mei's poems are famous all over the world. Wang Mian's Mo Mei: "The first tree in Xiyan Lake, my home, has light ink marks. No one needs to praise the color, leaving only the dry Kun in the air. "

In addition, there are Zhao Mengfu, Yang Weizhen, Xie Zongke and Monk Mingben. There were famous poems of Mei in Yuan Dynasty. On the other side of Kunming Hot Springs, there is a plum tree in Caoxi Temple, which is very old and bears double pink flowers every year. The author visited many times and confirmed that it was an antique more than 700 years ago, and it was a log. There are two original species of Yuan Mei in Chacaoxi Temple, and one of them died in the Cultural Revolution, which is a great pity. The existing Yuan Mei is the oldest ancient beauty in China, which is very precious. It can be seen from the above that although the Yuan Dynasty was a chaotic army, the trend of Iraq, the United States and Yongmei did not fail.

During the Ming (1368 ~ 1644) and Qing (1644 ~191) dynasties, the scale of Iraq and the United States expanded, and the technical level continued to improve, resulting in a large number of new varieties. For example, there are as many as 19 plum varieties recorded in Wang's Qunfangpu (192 1) in the Ming Dynasty, and each variety has a simple record, and it is divided into three categories: Bai Mei, Hongmei and Yipin. The book also discusses the cultivation and propagation of plum blossoms. Around this time, Zhou Wenhua wrote "History of Runan Gardens" (1620) and "A Complete Book of Agricultural Administration in Xu Guangqi" (1636), both of which listed some plum varieties.

In the Qing Dynasty, plum blossom cultivation flourished and its varieties increased. For example, the Flower Mirror written by Chen Haozi records 2 1 plum variety, among which "Taigemei" and "Zhao" are unprecedented. Among the "Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou", many people are famous for Yongmei and painting plums. Jin Nong and Li Fangfang are famous for their ability to draw plums.

As for Gu Mei in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the most important thing is Meimei in Hangzhou. There are 20 original Song Mei strains in Chaoshan Tang Dynasty, whose pedigree is Sushi 1056, which were planted by hand from Hangzhou. However, the old plants in Song Mei declined, and then gradually died, and the last one died in February 1933. The existing so-called "Song Mei" is a branch of Amin Dynasty, with a height of 4.5 meters and a maximum crown width of 5. 1 meter. Aging, hollow stems, slightly sparse flowers, variety name "big leaf pig liver", purple-white calyx, 5-8 petals, flower diameter of 2.6-3.3 cm, fair fruit.

After the Revolution of 1911, plum blossom cultivation has made new development and the varieties have been increasing. For example, there are 8 plum blossom varieties in Chengdu recorded in Huayang County Records (1934). At this time, many plum varieties were collected in private gardens in Shanghai, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Hangzhou, Yangzhou, Wuxi, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Han and Kunming. Shanghai Huangyuan also introduced dozens of plum blossom varieties such as "Sprinkling Gold" and "Hanging Branches" from Japan, and compiled the experience of plum blossom art into a book "Flower Classic" (1949).

Before liberation, Professor Zeng Mian published a plum blossom academic paper in 1942, recording 15 plum blossom varieties in Chongqing, which was the beginning of scientific arrangement of plum blossom varieties in China. 1945, Wang Juyuan and the author drew up a key to Chinese plum varieties, and took 20 varieties in Chengdu as examples to make the first attempt to scientifically classify Chinese plum varieties. 1July, 947, the author wrote Plum Blossoms in Bashan and Shushui, which was published as a series of Shanghai Horticultural Improvement Association. 1949 February, the first plum blossom exhibition in the history of China was held in Shanghai.

After liberation, the scale and technology of plum blossom cultivation have developed by leaps and bounds, and the varieties have also increased rapidly. Since 1958, except in special circumstances, plum blossom exhibition will be held in Wuhan East Lake Scenic Area every Spring Festival. In recent years, cities such as Nanjing, Wuxi, Shanghai and Hefei often hold plum exhibitions, which are warmly welcomed by the masses.

In recent decades, remarkable achievements have been made in the introduction and domestication of plum blossom and the research on new variety breeding. In Beijing, cold-resistant varieties such as "Song Chun" and "Beijing Yudie" can overwinter in the open field, and in Wuhan, "Daningxin" and "Huanong Yudie" have also appeared one after another.

Plum blossom has a long history of cultivation in China, which is closely related to the culture and life of China people. In addition to China, only Japanese and Korean plum blossoms are cultivated in the East. In Japan, there is even a "Mei Society" organization that publishes Mei.

Throughout the west, only New Zealand in Oceania began to pay attention to plum blossom, and 5 ~ 6 varieties were used for commercial plum blossom cultivation. Tracing back to history, we can know that as late as the middle of15th century, plum blossoms from China were introduced to Japan via Korea. Several plum trees spread in Europe in the early years (1879 and 1884) were shipped from Japan. At present, there are only a few plum blossoms in the botanical gardens of a few countries in Europe, such as Britain and France. As for the plum blossom in the United States, it was introduced from Japan for only 50 to 60 years, and it was mistakenly called "Japanese apricot", so its cultivation and application were not universal.

In the west, except New Zealanders, it is very easy for plum blossoms to form flower buds, which is an excellent reason why flowers and trees have been used for the productive cultivation of cut flowers. Most other countries do not know the advantages of plum blossoms, nor do they appreciate their beauty, posture, color, state and fragrance. In Japan in the east, due to the influence of westernization, the cultivation of plum blossoms also has a downward trend.