Try to discuss the artistic features of Du Fu's poems with specific works.

Du Fu, with beautiful words, was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now Gongxian County, Henan Province) and was a famous poet Du Zhisun. Because he once lived in Shaoling, south of Chang 'an, he called himself Shaoling's grandfather and was called Du Shaoling. Study and travel before the age of thirty-five. During the Tianbao period, he went to Chang 'an and had no way to join the army. After ten years of hardships, he won a small position in which you Wei led Cao to join the army. At the beginning of An Shi Rebellion, he was exiled and captured by the rebels. After getting out of danger, the official got a left pickup truck. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), he abandoned his official position and went west. Finally he went to Sichuan and settled in Chengdu. He once played Yuan Wailang in Jiannan Our Time Yanwu, so he was also named Du Gongbu. In his later years, his family moved eastward, staying in Kuizhou for two years and leaving the gorge. Wandering in Hubei and Hunan, he died of poverty and illness.

Zi Mei lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty. Her poems are mostly about social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings, which is called "the history of poetry". He cares about the country and the people, has a noble personality and exquisite poetic skills, and is known as the "poet saint".

Du Fu is good at using many systems of classical poetry and creatively developing them. He is the pioneer of the new Yuefu poetry style. His Yuefu poems contributed to the development of the new Yuefu movement in the middle Tang Dynasty. His "May 7th" ancient novel, which is also a history of poetry, begins to narrate and focus on the whole story, marking the high achievement of China's poetry art. Du Fu also showed extraordinary creativity in the May 7th law, and accumulated complete artistic experience in the aspects of temperament, antithesis, refining words and sentences, which made this genre reach a fully mature stage. Du Gongbu has been handed down from generation to generation.

Self-styled Shaoling Yelao, Du Shaoling, Du Gongbu, etc. China was a great realistic poet in ancient times, and was known as a "poet saint". He wrote 1400 poems in his life. Originally from Xiangyang, Hubei Province, Gong County, Henan Province. The distant ancestor was Du Yu, a famous poet in the early Tang Dynasty, and his father was Du Xian. Tang Suzong, Official Left Addendum. After he entered Shu, he was recommended by his friends as a staff officer of Ren Jiannan Drug Rehabilitation Center, and Yuan Wailang was appointed as the school's engineering department. Therefore, later generations also called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu.

original text

At dusk, officials arrested people at night. The old man climbed over the wall and left, while the old woman went out to watch.

Why are officials angry? Why do women cry? Before listening to his wife's speech: three men are guarding Yecheng.

One man attached a book, and two men died. Those who drag out an ignoble existence are dead!

There is no one in the room, only a baby and a grandson. And grandma didn't go, and there was no skirt in and out.

Although the old woman is physically weak, please come back at night and be anxious to prepare for cooking in the morning.

The night is long and silent, like crying and choking. Dawn will rise into the future, leaving the old man alone.

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Stay in Shihao Village at night, and officials will arrest people at night. The old man fled over the wall, and the old woman went out to deal with it.

How angry the officials shouted and how miserable the old woman cried.

I heard the old woman come forward and say, "My three sons have all served in the army and joined the siege of Yecheng. One of the sons wrote back, and two of them were recently killed in battle. The living drag out an ignoble existence for a while, and the dead are gone forever. There are no more men at home, only a little grandson who is nursing. Because of her little grandson, my daughter-in-law has never left this house, but she doesn't have a complete set of clothes in and out. Old woman, although I am weak, please allow me to go home with you at night. Hurry and wait in Heyang, and you can still make breakfast now. "

The voice of talking late at night also disappeared, but it seemed to hear low crying and choking.

After dawn, I continued to catch up with the road ahead, and I could only say goodbye to the escaped old man.

background introduction

The following spring, Gan Yuan, Guo Ziyi, Li Guangbi and Wang Sili in Tang Suzong. Make AnQingXu and all the troops around yecheng. Because the command was not unified, it was defeated by An Qingxu and 600,000 troops were defeated by Yecheng. Guo Ziyi retreated to Luoyang. Ralph was urgently called up by the court. At this time, Du Fu was returning to Huazhou from Luoyang to join the army. He wrote poems such as Xin 'an Official, Shi Haoguan, Tongguan Official, Newly Married, Resignation and Parting. Later generations called them "three officials" and "three parting" for short. Because it basically uses the brushwork of record, it has the reputation of "poetry history" However, the poet did not look on coldly, but looked at the refugees' worries with a passionate heart of love: "Lonely after Tianbao, lonely in the garden, it is Artemisia." "The dead body smells the grass, and there is blood in Chuanyuandan." "There is no peace in the suburbs and no peace in old age." "Twilight throwing stones at the village, there are collectors who catch people at night? Quot "No matter how angry an official is, why do women cry? ""It's too hasty to say goodbye at dusk. " "Life is homeless, why steam quinoa?" The poet sang and shouted for the people with deep sympathy: "White water flows eastward at dusk, and Qingshan still cries. "Heaven and earth are heartless" and "collapse destroys people's hearts". He wrote down the thrilling scenes of the war years: young and middle-aged people went to the battlefield, and Xin' an officials wanted to arrest teenagers to join the army; Stone moat officials can only take an old woman away when they raid people at night; Tongguan officials are stepping up the construction of the city defense; The newlywed wife sent the groom away in tears; "The old man, whose descendants were killed in the battle, went out in grief and helplessness; Homeless veterans no longer need to say goodbye to anyone. The suffering brought by the war to the people is profound, but people who understand the righteousness are brave enough to share their worries for the country. The old woman, the bride, the old man and the homeless described by the poet are full of respectable spirit of sacrifice. The poet wrote the simple but touching spiritual world of these ordinary people, which made it inevitable for future generations to cry. Du Fu stayed in Shihao Village. He met officials who arrested people and exiled them. Poetry vividly reproduces the poet's personal experience through sketching. Narration without discussion is the characteristic of Du Fu's poems. The poet's feelings are blended into the plain narrative, which is intriguing. On the one hand, it is a tough official who catches people at night, and on the other hand, it is an old man who walks over the wall. What an unusual period! " The contrast between "why officials get angry when they shout" and "why women cry" is shocking. The old woman's speech was even more tearful. It is such an old woman that she has really been taken away. Maybe this is what the old man didn't expect when he climbed over the wall.

"The Mirror of Tang Poetry" said: "No matter how long it is, no matter how simple it is. The word' official call' is dozens of words. According to the screenwriter, if you get rid of the form, you can get the feelings, and if you get rid of the feelings, you can get the spirit. " Wuyue was quoted as saying in the Summary of Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties, "This poem is especially sad, and the emotion is absolutely sad."