What is environmental policy?

Question 1: What is the national policy on environmental protection industry? The core of China's environmental management policy is to take preventive measures to strengthen environmental management so as not to pollute or destroy the environment.

I. Main measures

1. Incorporate environmental protection into national economic and social development plans and annual plans to prevent environmental pollution and ecological damage in economic development.

2. Strictly implement the environmental impact assessment of the construction project and the "three simultaneities" system (the main production project and pollution prevention facilities of the construction project are designed, constructed and put into operation at the same time). At present, the implementation rate of environmental impact assessment of construction projects and the implementation rate of "three simultaneities" have reached more than 95%.

3. Improve the laws, regulations and rules of environmental protection, and make environmental management develop along the track of legalization and standardization.

4. Improve environmental management institutions. Environmental management institutions have been established from the central government to provinces, cities and counties, and these institutions exercise environmental management rights according to law. Relevant departments and large and medium-sized enterprises in the State Council have also established corresponding environmental management institutions to manage the environmental problems of their own industries and enterprises.

Second, in terms of environmental and economic policies, it mainly includes capital investment and preferential tax policies.

1. The enterprise will incorporate the funds needed for pollution prevention into the fixed assets investment plan.

2, included in the national key pollution prevention and ecological protection projects, the state gives financial support; City * * * will city maintenance costs for the construction of environmental protection facilities; The sewage charges levied by the state are used for pollution prevention and control.

3. The state implements preferential tax policies-income tax concessions: for production with waste water, waste gas, waste residue and other wastes as raw materials, income tax will be reduced or exempted within five years;

-Tax preference for investment direction: for projects such as sewage treatment plant construction and comprehensive utilization of resources, the adjustment tax for investment direction of fixed assets is zero;

-Preferential value-added tax: building materials products produced with waste residue such as coal gangue and fly ash, and gold and silver extracted from waste liquid and waste residue are exempt from value-added tax;

-preferential construction tax: the construction of pollution source control projects can be exempted from construction tax while applying for preferential loans;

-Tariff preference: the imported goods of sewage and papermaking wastewater treatment equipment in some cities and towns are subject to provisional tax rate and enjoy tariff preference;

-Preferential consumption tax: 30% consumption tax will be reduced for cars, off-road vehicles and passenger cars that reach the low pollution emission limit.

-Preferential agricultural specialty tax: the income from agricultural specialty tax generated by returning farmland to forests and grasslands in the western region will be exempted from agricultural specialty tax within 10 years.

Three, the implementation of environmental technology policy aims to improve the efficiency of energy and resource utilization and reduce pollutant emissions.

1, industrial enterprises adopt advanced technology and clean production technology in technological transformation to improve the utilization rate of resources and energy;

2. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Environmental Protection Law, eliminate backward technologies and equipment that waste energy and resources and seriously pollute the environment within a time limit;

3. Enterprises should adopt non-toxic, harmless or low toxic and harmful raw materials in production.

The policy of environmental protection industry emphasizes promoting the optimization of environmental protection industrial structure and improving the scientific and technological content of environmental protection products in the strategic adjustment of economic structure; Formulate measures to promote the socialization of environmental protection industry, the marketization of environmental protection industry operation, product standardization and so on. In terms of international cooperation policy on environment, China has always attached great importance to international cooperation and exchanges in the field of environment, emphasizing that while doing a good job in domestic environmental protection, it will participate in international environmental affairs with a positive attitude; Promote regional and global environmental cooperation with new partnerships to accelerate the process of solving global environmental problems; Adhere to international cooperation in the environment, respect the country, and take into account the practical interests of all countries and the long-term interests of the world when dealing with environmental issues.

Question 2: What policies does the central government have on energy conservation and environmental protection? List of low-carbon economy concept stocks Carbon economy is an economic model based on low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions. The essence is to use energy efficiently, develop clean energy and pursue green GDP. The core is the innovation of energy technology and emission reduction technology, the innovation of industrial structure and system, and the fundamental change of human survival and development concept.

Low-carbon concept stocks involve many industries, including energy conservation and environmental protection, wind power, building energy conservation, new energy vehicles and many other emerging industries.

Low-carbon economy is indeed a big category, but its emerging characteristics determine its sustainable development, and investors need to explore investment opportunities in their growth. As Jason reminded: "Some listed companies have attractive low-carbon concepts, but due to technical constraints, it will not have much impact on the company's profits in the short term."

In the investment field, the insiders believe that according to the natural path and importance of carbon emission reduction, China's low-carbon economy will be energy saving and emission reduction, new energy and CDM. Energy conservation and environmental protection is the most important part.

List of beneficiary stocks

Huaguang stock 600475

Domestic leader in manufacturing small and medium-sized CFB boilers and special boilers. The energy-saving and environmental protection policies promulgated by the state have brought great opportunities to power generation and energy-saving equipment such as large CFB boilers, gas turbine waste heat boilers, straw boilers and garbage incineration boilers. Special boilers will be the profit growth point in the next two years.

Hailu heavy industry 002255

The company is a manufacturer of boilers and nuclear pressure-bearing equipment. Considering that the country will strengthen the construction of new energy in the future, greatly improve the localization level of nuclear power, and the long-term good cooperative relationship between the company and Shanghai Electric, the three giants of domestic nuclear power, the profit prospect of the 20 1 1 additional issuance project is clear and the orders are full.

Antai technology 000969

As a new material company with leading technology, the company is the only one in China that has passed the OSA certification. Once the forming technology and mass production of domestic amorphous broadband materials make a substantial breakthrough, it will greatly promote the practical use of domestic amorphous transformers.

Ningbo Yun Sheng 600366

Shanghai Electric Drive Co., Ltd., holding 35% of the shares, is a benchmark enterprise in the field of motor system of new energy vehicles in China. The company's products are widely used in pure electric vehicles and various hybrid electric vehicles.

Conch profile 0006 19

The company is in a monopoly position in the industry. With the increasing market demand for color profiles, the proportion of color profiles in the company's gross profit will further increase, and the future development is expected to continue to improve under the building energy-saving policy. At present, the stock is held in a heavy position by institutions, and the technical indicators are adjusted to a low level, which is expected to have a technical rebound.

Taihao technology 600590

The company is a leading enterprise in the field of intelligent building electricity in China, and this field will face good development opportunities in the future; The growth of the company's generator business is determined by the investment in railway network, power grid and telecommunications; The plan to intervene in the field of solar photovoltaic construction will find new growth points for the company.

Xuelaite 002076

Our company specializes in producing R&D and compact energy-saving lamps, automotive HID lamps and other special light sources and supporting electronic ballasts. Energy-saving lamps and HID lamps belong to green lighting products. Under the background of global warming and high energy prices such as oil, green lighting will inevitably become the development trend of electric light sources.

Energy saving for doors and windows ―― Conch profiles;

At present, the best way to save energy for doors and windows is to use high-quality plastic profiles for doors and windows. Conch profile is the first enterprise to produce plastic profile in the world.

Conch brand plastic-steel doors and windows produced by manufacturers are the first brand of plastic-steel doors and windows in China. Products have passed the most stringent quality certification in Europe and America, and the quality is superior.

A symbol of matter. It is a well-deserved leader in energy saving of doors and windows in China. Like conch, it belongs to Anhui Conch Group and has

The parent company is supported by scientific and strict management and strong economic strength.

Exterior wall thermal insulation material ―― Wanhua Yantai;

Mdi is the most effective external wall insulation material at present, which has been widely used in Europe and America, but it is far from being popularized in China due to the price. With the arrival of the festival

With the improvement of emission reduction standards and people's demand for high-quality housing, the application of mdi will become more and more popular. Yantai wanhua is both domestic and Asian.

The largest manufacturer of metered-dose inhalers in the region. With the international leading production technology, not only the output is high, but also the quality is good, and the price is never high in the competition with foreign brands.

Win the battle. Although the demand for mdi has decreased due to the economic crisis, foreign mdi manufacturers have not slowed down the pace of building factories in China.

Cutting, on the contrary, will step up the production capacity construction in China, which just shows that the demand for environmental protection and energy-saving materials in China in the future in China market is very huge.

......& gt& gt

Question 3: What are the three major policies of environmental protection in China? 1] prevention first; 2) whoever pollutes will be treated; 3) Strengthen environmental management.

Ten countermeasures of environment and development in China;

1] Implement the strategy of sustainable development;

2) Take effective measures to prevent and control industrial pollution;

3) Carry out comprehensive improvement of urban environment, and seriously control the four urban pests (smoke, pollution, waste and noise).

4) Improve energy efficiency and energy structure;

5) Develop ecological agriculture, adhere to afforestation and strengthen biodiversity protection;

6) Vigorously promote scientific and technological progress, strengthen environmental science research, and actively develop environmental protection industries;

7) Use economic means to protect the environment

8) Strengthen environmental education and constantly improve the environmental awareness of the whole nation;

9) Improve the environmental legal system and strengthen environmental management;

10) according to the spirit of unced, formulate China's action plan.

Question 4: What are the three major policies of environmental protection in China? 1, the policy of putting prevention first and combining prevention with treatment.

Environmental protection policy is to control environmental pollution within a certain range through various means to achieve an efficient pollution level. Therefore, taking measures in advance to avoid or reduce the pollution and damage to the environment is the most effective way to solve environmental problems. The main goal of environmental protection in China is to prevent the generation and spread of environmental pollution in the process of economic development. The main measures are: bringing environmental protection into the national and local long-term and annual national economic and social development plans; Implement the environmental impact assessment system of development and construction projects and the "three simultaneities" system.

2. The polluter-pays policy.

From the perspective of environmental economics, the environment is a scarce resource, and it is a * * * resource. In order to avoid the tragedy of the land, the environmental destroyer must bear the cost of governance. This is also the embodiment of the international common polluter pays principle, that is, the polluter bears the responsibility and cost of its pollution. The main measures are as follows: (1) enterprises and institutions that discharge pollutants into the atmosphere and water bodies that exceed the discharge standards are charged with excessive sewage charges, which are specially used for pollution prevention and control; Enterprises and institutions with serious pollution should be treated within a time limit; Prevention and control of industrial pollution combined with technological transformation of enterprises.

3. Strengthen environmental management policies.

Because of the existence of transaction costs, externalities cannot be solved through the coordination of private markets. Solving external problems depends on the role of * * *. Pollution is a typical external behavior, so * * * must intervene in environmental protection, play the role of controller and supervisor, and jointly carry out environmental governance with enterprises. The main purpose of strengthening environmental management policy is to control and reduce environmental pollution and damage caused by poor management by strengthening the environmental governance responsibility of enterprises. Its main measures are: gradually establish and improve the system of environmental protection laws and standards, establish and improve environmental protection institutions at all levels and national and local monitoring networks; The implementation of the local environmental target responsibility system at all levels; Quantitative evaluation of comprehensive environmental improvement in important cities.

Question 5: The policies of the central government on environmental protection can be classified into eight categories.

1 Comprehensive policies and regulations: a series of policies and regulations on green ecological environment management * * * Opinions of the Central Committee of the State Council on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization, Environmental Protection Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), Opinions of the State Council on Strengthening the Key Work of Environmental Protection, Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Environmental Protection and Guiding Opinions on Launching the Pilot Work of Compulsory Liability Insurance for Environmental Pollution. Notice on Printing and Distributing the Management Measures of the Central Financial Incentive Fund for Eliminating Backward Production Capacity, Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, Opinions of the State Council on Accelerating the Development of Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Industry, Measures for Environmental Monitoring, Measures for the Management of Operating Qualification License of Environmental Pollution Control Facilities, Measures for On-site Supervision and Inspection of Pollution Source Automatic Monitoring Facilities, Several Opinions on Carrying out Identification and Evaluation of Environmental Pollution Damage, Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Marine Environment, Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Marine Environment Pollution by Ships, and Notice on Printing and Distributing the Key Points of National Natural Ecology and Rural Environmental Protection in 2003;

2. Air pollution prevention and control policies and regulations: People's Republic of China (PRC) Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law, Regulations on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, Measures for Supervision and Management of Automobile Exhaust Pollution, Measures for Comprehensive Utilization of Fly Ash, Announcement on Implementing Special Emission Limits of Air Pollutants, Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Work Plan for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Finance on Printing and Distributing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Utilization of Crop Straw.

Policies and regulations on water pollution prevention and control: People's Republic of China (PRC) * * and China's Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, Measures for Major Special Management of Water Pollution Control and Control Technology (Trial), Notice on Strengthening the Prevention and Control of Mercury Pollution in PVC Production by Calcium Carbide Method and Related Industries, and Notice on Printing and Distributing the Technical Policies on Sludge Treatment and Disposal and Pollution Prevention and Control in Urban Sewage Treatment Plants (Trial). The State Council South-to-North Water Diversion Office and other five ministries and commissions jointly issued a document to strengthen the comprehensive control of shipping water pollution in the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal section of the eastern route. the State Council's opinion on implementing the strictest water resources management system. the State Council's reply on the national groundwater pollution prevention and control plan,) 201-2020. Notice on Printing and Distributing the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Plan for the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River (201―― 2015), Interim Measures for Assessment of the Implementation of the Special Plan for Water Pollution Prevention and Control in Key Watershed, Notice on Forwarding the Opinions of the State Environmental Protection Administration and Other Departments on Strengthening the Water Environment Protection of Key Lakes by General Office of the State Council, and Notice on Further Strengthening the Management of Strict Environmental Impact Assessment for the Protection of Aquatic Living Resources;

4. Policies and regulations on noise prevention and solid waste treatment: People's Republic of China (PRC) Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution, Notice on Printing and Distributing the Special Plan of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Science and Technology Projects of Waste Recycling, Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution and Improving the Quality of Urban and Rural Acoustic Environment, People's Republic of China (PRC) Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste (Revised), Notice on Printing and Distributing Management Measures for Collection and Use of Waste Electrical and Electronic Products Treatment Fund, Opinions of General Office of the State Council on Establishing and Perfecting Advanced Waste Commodity Recovery System, Notice on Strengthening Pollution Prevention of Lead Battery and Recycled Lead Industry, Notice of the State Council on Approving Opinions of Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and Other Departments on Further Strengthening Urban Domestic Waste Treatment, Measures for the Administration of Solid Waste Import, Opinions on Further Strengthening the Supervision of Hazardous Wastes and Medical Wastes, Measures for the Administration of Qualification License for Disposal of Waste Electrical and Electronic Products, Notice on Issuing Technical Policies for Pollution Prevention in Livestock and Poultry Breeding Industry and Notice on Issuing Technical Policies for Pollution Prevention in Electrolytic Manganese Industry;

5. Policies and regulations on prevention and control of chemical pollution: new environmental management measures for chemical substances, new regulations on supervision and inspection of chemical substances, regulations on safety management of hazardous chemicals, notice on implementing statistical reporting system for persistent organic pollutants, guidance on strengthening prevention and control of dioxin pollution, and notice on printing and distributing the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for prevention and control of chemical environmental risks;

6. Policies and regulations for the prevention and control of radioactive pollution: Measures for the Administration of Safety Permit for the Transportation of Radioactive Materials, Notice on Strengthening Supervision and Inspection of the Transportation of Radioactive Materials, Notice of the National Nuclear Safety Administration on Strengthening the Management of the Entry Transportation of Radioactive Materials, and Notice on Printing and Distributing Five Opinions on the Reform of the Nuclear and Radiation Safety Supervision System to Implement Environmental Protection;

7. Policies and regulations on environmental impact assessment and administrative punishment;

8 policies and regulations in some areas. ...& gt& gt

Question 6: What are the laws and regulations related to environmental protection? People's Republic of China (PRC) Environmental Protection Law

People's Republic of China (PRC) Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law

People's Republic of China (PRC) Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law

Detailed Rules for the Implementation of People's Republic of China (PRC) Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law

Marine Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China

People's Republic of China (PRC) Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste

Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution

People's Republic of China (PRC) Environmental Noise Pollution Prevention Act

Cleaner production promotion law of the people's Republic of China

People's Republic of China (PRC) sand control law

Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Impact Assessment

Regulations on radiation protection of radioisotopes and radiation devices

Regulations on the prevention and control of pollution damage to the marine environment caused by land-based pollutants

Regulations on the administration of marine environment for the prevention and control of pollution damage caused by coastal engineering construction projects

Regulations on the administration of marine environment for the prevention and control of pollution damage caused by marine engineering construction projects

Regulations of China on Environmental Protection

Regulations on environmental protection of earthquake monitoring facilities and earthquake observation

National environmental monitoring and management regulations

Measures of People's Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on the Administration of Environmental Protection Standards

Measures for the administration of environmental protection in capital construction of nuclear power plants

Provisions on strengthening environmental statistics

Regulations on environmental protection management of construction projects

Management procedures for environmental protection of construction projects

Measures for the administration of environmental protection of construction projects

Provisions on environmental protection design of construction projects

Measures for the Administration of Environmental Protection Acceptance of Construction Project Completion

Interim measures for the development of civil briquette

Measures for the administration of urban radioactive waste

regulations on the management of medical waste

Measures for the administration of hazardous waste business license

Interim provisions on environmental management in areas open to the outside world

Regulations on returning farmland to forests

Is it complete enough? Hehe, there are too many laws in it, so I won't post them.

Question 7: * * * What environmental support policies have been introduced? Hello, landlord:

National * * * Support Policies for Environmental Protection Industry

First, many national policies strongly support domestic environmental protection instruments and equipment.

With the rapid development of global economy, more and more countries pay attention to environmental protection. While concentrating on economic development, China also lists environmental protection as a basic national policy. Therefore, the research and development and application of environmental protection instruments have been paid more and more attention. In recent years, China has issued a series of environmental protection management methods and measures.

201017, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China (PRC), after consultation with the Ministry of Finance, issued the Measures for the Administration of Tax Refund for Domestic Equipment Purchased by R&D Institutions (Guo Shui Fa [2010] No.9, hereinafter referred to as the Measures). The Measures clearly stipulate that domestic and foreign R&D institutions or centers purchasing domestic equipment will implement the full VAT refund policy from July 1 day, 2009 to February1day, 2009 (subject to the issuing time of special VAT invoices).

Types of instruments and equipment include:

The first is the experimental environment. For example: teaching experimental instruments and equipment; Teaching and demonstration instruments and equipment, etc. ;

Second, sample preparation equipment and devices. For example: special pumps (such as molecular pumps, ion pumps, vacuum pumps, peristaltic pumps, worm pumps, dry pumps, etc.). ); Culture equipment (such as incubator, fermentor, etc.). ).

Third, special laboratory equipment. For example: special photography and photographic equipment (such as underwater, high altitude, high temperature, low temperature, etc.). ).

Foreign R&D institutions or centers can apply for tax refund when purchasing domestic equipment. This is to encourage scientific research and technological development, promote scientific and technological progress, and make a new round of adjustment in preferential tax policies.

China's * * * procurement law was promulgated in 2002, which clearly stipulates that "domestic products have priority" in * * * procurement, but there is no clear definition of domestic products. With the deepening of China's reform and opening up and economic globalization, more and more foreign instrument companies have realized "localization" and set up factories in China to manufacture instruments. So, is this instrument made in China? 20 10/0,65438+10,1,the State Council Legislative Affairs Office issued the Regulations for the Implementation of the Procurement Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) (Draft for Comment), which further defined "domestic goods" and strictly defined "imported goods". * * * The domestic goods mentioned in Article 10 of the Procurement Law refer to the final products produced in China, and the domestic production cost exceeds a certain proportion. Domestic production cost rate = (ex-factory price-import price)/ex-factory price. Imported products refer to products declared by the customs in China to enter China and produced outside the customs. Environmental protection equipment industry is often supported by national policies, buying domestic products or enjoying preferential treatment.

In the "* * * procurement", it is difficult to implement the "domestic product priority". On the other hand, the reason is that "many users in China shut out China manufacturing". For example, in the instrument industry, many users tend to import instruments when making bidding documents. The country seems to have noticed this problem. It is reported that the country is conducting an application project test, that is, evaluating the application prospect of domestic instruments. If it can really meet the application requirements of the country, it is no longer allowed to import such instruments.

If the first policy is mainly aimed at domestic instrument users, then the second policy focuses on "domestic instruments" from another side, focusing on foreign-funded research institutions or centers in China, and encourages them to buy "domestic instruments" through financial "tax rebate" policies.

In short, the national policy tilt can only help domestic instruments to assist. Only when domestic instruments catch up with or surpass imported instruments in quality and performance, and let users love to use and like them, is the development road for domestic instrument manufacturers.

Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Environmental Protection issued the Catalogue of Equipment (Products) of Environmental Protection Industry Encouraged by the State (version 20 10) (hereinafter referred to as the Catalogue). The Catalogue includes water pollution control equipment, air pollution control equipment, solid waste treatment equipment, noise control equipment, environmental monitoring instruments, energy-saving and recycling equipment, resources comprehensive utilization and clean production equipment, environmental protection materials and chemicals in eight fields, with a total of 147 products.

The catalogue released this time, combined with the characteristics of China's environmental protection industry and market development, readjusted and compiled the original catalogue, and included denitration equipment in coal-fired power stations, flue gas desulfurization equipment in industrial kilns, and electric bag composite dust removal equipment in the encouraged fields, and added a number of equipment with independent intellectual property rights and high technology content as the focus of encouraging development. The Catalogue also stipulates that priority should be given to encouraging the development of pollution ... >>

Question 8: What are the benefits of environmental protection? The concept of environmental protection is very big, including many aspects. Your question is a bit broad. I can only give a general answer. The following are the general aspects, and you can also expand it yourself according to the situation.

Environmental protection refers to all human activities that use the theories and methods of environmental science to coordinate the relationship between human beings and the environment, solve various problems and protect and improve the environment.

Environmental protection contains at least three meanings:

First, protect the natural environment and prevent it from deteriorating. Including: protecting green mountains, green waters, blue sky and sea. This involves not privately mining (mining), chopping (trees), dumping (sewage), releasing (polluted gas), overgrazing, overexploiting natural resources, destroying the ecological balance of nature and so on.

Second, protect the living environment of human beings and make it more suitable for the needs of human work and labor. This involves all aspects of people's daily necessities, and must meet the requirements of science, hygiene, health and green.

Third: the protection of life on earth, the preservation of species, the protection of plants and vegetation, the return of animals, biodiversity, the joint protection of genetically modified organisms, the special and special protection of endangered species, the restoration of extinct species, the expansion of habitats, the harmony between people and creatures, and not bullying other species.

Benefits of environmental protection:

First, avoid soil damage.

Second, slow down climate change and energy waste, and reduce the threat of greenhouse effect to all mankind.

Third, prevent biodiversity from decreasing.

Fourth, avoid forest area reduction.

5. Protect fresh water resources from threats.

Sixth, reduce the possibility of chemical pollution.

Seven, beautify the living environment, governance chaotic city.

8. Avoid over-exploitation of the ocean and pollution of coastal areas.

Nine, reduce the emission of toxic gases, reduce air pollution.

X. reducing the hole in the polar ozone layer.