What is the background of Impression of Sunrise?

From 65438 to 0874, a group of young rebels held an art exhibition in Paris. The works on display are colorful and sketchy, with simple daily life as the theme, without following the fashion to draw rigorous portraits and magnificent historical scenes. The exhibition of art soon became a topic of conversation in the streets of Paris. Among them, a small seascape painted by Monet, Impression of Sunrise, is the most controversial. In this painting, Monet depicts the scene of a foggy morning in the French port of le havre: the sea water is dyed lavender by the morning light, the sky is dyed reddish by various color blocks, water waves are drawn by strokes of different thicknesses, three swaying boats are hazy in the color spots of Bo Tu, the figures on the boats are faintly discernible, and the chimneys of factories and cranes on the big ships are looming in the distance. The painter painted the impression he saw from the window on the canvas. It is unprecedented to show the scene of fog blending with messy brushstrokes so boldly. This work inadvertently achieved the initial reputation of a great school. An art critic couldn't stand their painting style, and used the word "impression" to ridicule in this work. This story was published in the newspaper, so these painters were called "Impressionists" and their painting style was called "Impressionism", which started a page of light and shadow trembling in the art history of19th century.

In this painting, the traditional norms have completely disappeared. A new concept and a new painting method appeared. In the past, when painters created landscape paintings, they often used exercises and sketches to quietly describe and scrutinize them in the studio, then describe and scrutinize them again, and finally complete a work. Generally speaking, the landscape paintings created in this way pay attention to the communication of form, volume, space and texture, reflecting the relatively fixed factors of natural scenery. In Impression of Sunrise, Monet changed his old style and finished the work by painting the real scene directly, thus breaking the boundary between practice and complete work. To do this, you must draw very fast. Everyone knows that instant light and color wait for no one. If you don't paint soon, everything will change with the movement of the sun. Therefore, Monet used the "freehand brushwork" method to quickly put the uncoordinated color strokes on the canvas. These sweeping strokes, seemingly scribbled, actually saw the breath of the harbor at sunrise in the morning surprisingly and accurately, as if they could make people smell the fresh air at sea. Monet knows the role of hints, and there are only a few strokes. The red sun hangs in the air, the reflection falls into the water, the boat floats on the water, and the people on board stand in the boat. The messy brush strokes on the sea also make the water waves ripple gently, and everything on the painting is so in place, so real and so vivid.

This extremely fresh effect is related to the change of color concept. Monet no longer uses inherent concepts to understand and express objects. For Monet, trees are not always green. It can be orange in certain light and environment. Snow is not pure white either. With the change of conditions, there will be blue, red and yellow. It is precisely because of the subtle chromatic aberration of different time, season and light that Monet can keep the wonderful moment of sunrise like a photographer.