Guidance on writing thesis for tourism majors

1. Thesis title: It must be accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel. 2. Table of contents: The table of contents is a brief list of the main paragraphs in the paper. (Short papers do not need to be listed in the table of contents) 3. Abstract: It is an excerpt of the main content of the article and must be short, precise and complete. The number of words can be as few as a few characters, and no more than three hundred words is appropriate. 4. Keywords or subject words: Keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper. They are words of substantial significance to express the central content of the paper. Keywords are words used by computer systems to index the content characteristics of papers, making it easier for information systems to collect and search for readers. Each paper generally selects 3-8 words as keywords, starts a new line, and ranks them at the bottom left of the "Summary". Subject words are standardized words. When determining the subject words, the paper must be thematically converted into standard words in the subject thesaurus according to the indexing and grouping rules. 5. Text of the paper: (1) Introduction: The introduction is also called the preface, preface and introduction, and is used at the beginning of the paper. The introduction generally summarizes the author's intention, explains the purpose and significance of the topic, and points out the scope of the paper. The introduction should be short, concise and stick to the topic. 〈2) Thesis text: The main text is the main body of the paper. The main text should include arguments, arguments, argumentation process and conclusion. The main part includes the following contents: a. Propose - arguments; b. Analyze the problem - arguments and demonstrations; c. Solve the problem - arguments and steps; d. Conclusion. 6. The references of a paper are the main literature materials that can be referenced or cited in the paper and writing, and are listed at the end of the paper. References should be placed on a new page and marked in accordance with the "GB7714-87 Rules for Documentation of References at the End of the Text". Chinese: Title--Author--Publication information (place, publisher, edition date): Author--Title--Publication information The requirements for the references listed are: (1) The references listed should be officially published thing for readers to verify. (2) The cited references should indicate the serial number, title of the book or article, author, and publication information. What can I tell you? Papers now require money, and no one will give it to you for free. My graduation thesis this year was written in Qianlu Tianxia. It has passed and is not bad. You can read it. On the target model for the adjustment of my country's travel agency business system. Since 1978, my country's tourism industry has developed rapidly. As an important part of the tourism industry, travel agencies have also developed from an oligopolistic industry in the early stages of development to the current monopolistic competition industry. The industry scale has basically formed . However, as many scholars and industry insiders have noticed, the development of my country's travel agency industry has gradually fallen into trouble along with the transformation of my country's travel agency market structure, and the current travel agency management system has exposed more and more problems. At the same time, the final conclusion of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (gats) and my country’s Communist Party’s firm attitude towards joining the World Trade Organization including the General Agreement on Trade in Services have determined that my country’s travel agency industry will eventually face the direct The challenges posed by the entry of foreign travel agencies to the development of our country's travel agencies. This article attempts to propose a target model for the adjustment of my country's travel agency business system through a systematic analysis of the characteristics of my country's travel agency industry and the current business system, so that my country's travel agency industry can prepare for rainy days and more effectively meet challenges and participate in international competition. 1. Analysis of the operating system of my country's travel agency industry. After more than ten years of development, my country's travel agency industry has formed a certain scale, and has formed its own characteristics under the dual effects of industry regulations, industry systems and market mechanisms: from the categories of my country's travel agency industry From the perspective of structure [1], the three types of agencies have an overwhelming advantage; from the scale structure of my country's travel agency industry, small-scale travel agencies account for the absolute majority; from the perspective of geographical distribution, the distribution of my country's travel agencies across the country is basically reasonable; industry profits year by year Declining, my country's travel agency industry is gradually becoming a low-profit industry. The current operating system of my country's travel agency industry is the result of the comprehensive effects of industry policies and regulations, traditional economic systems and current market mechanisms. Although this system has its rationality to a certain extent, it is not based on the practice and trend of the development of my country's travel agency industry. In short, its biggest drawback is the existence and deterioration of the following series of problems: (1) Large travel agencies have not achieved economies of scale, and their scale advantages cannot be brought into play. Large travel agencies have many advantages in tourism product development, tourism service procurement, tourism market expansion, tourism reception, capital, information, talents and risk resistance. Therefore, they are easy to achieve economies of scale. In my country's travel agency industry, large travel agencies The scale benefits are not obvious, and the advantages are far from being fully utilized. This is mainly reflected in the following aspects: ① my country's tourism industry has maintained a good development momentum in recent years, the market continues to expand, and tourism revenue, especially international tourism Revenue is growing rapidly. Under such circumstances, the business development of some large travel agencies is slow. Faced with many new business opportunities in competition, they themselves are in the predicament of maintaining the market or having no choice but to suffer a decline in market share. ② Large travel agencies failed to play their due role in the tourism market, that is, they failed to calm down the excessive competition in the market and failed to play a role in guiding and stabilizing the market, causing the chaos and disorder in the market to become a problem that plagues the development of my country's travel agency industry and causes travel agencies to The stubborn waste of resources has caused the company itself to be unable to avoid the negative effects brought about by this market chaos.

③In terms of internal management of travel agencies, a prominent phenomenon is that some large travel agencies generally implement department contracting or disguised department contracting to strengthen departmental rights and interests, making some large travel agencies actually become a collection of small travel agencies that are relatively independent in business. In this kind of Under this situation, large travel agencies certainly cannot exert their due advantages and find it difficult to form economies of scale. (2) Small and medium-sized travel agencies lack clear market positioning and find it difficult to develop. As far as the current overall situation of small and medium-sized travel agencies in my country is concerned, its characteristics are concentrated in the limited number of receptions and low profit levels. In terms of the number of receptions, many small travel agencies in our country have been in a situation where there is no hope for development in recent years but they can barely support it. Since the National Tourism Administration implemented the travel agency quality guarantee system in the travel agency industry in January 1995, many small travel agencies have been overwhelmed and have withdrawn from the industry. On the one hand, this phenomenon reflects the economic strength and operating conditions of many small travel agencies. On the other hand, it also reflects to a certain extent the owners’ rational expectations for the future development of the industry and themselves. In terms of profit margins, many small and medium-sized travel agencies in my country that mainly operate domestic tourism business are Category II and Category III agencies. According to information provided by the National Tourism Administration, the average profit margin of these two types of travel agencies was less than 8% in 1994 and about 5.4% in 1995. The average profit margin of a large number of third-category travel agencies dropped to 4.24% in 1995. These data only reflect pre-tax profits. If income taxes are deducted, the remaining net profits of these travel agencies will be very small. The coexistence of limited reception volume and low profit margin fully illustrates the current difficult operating situation of small and medium-sized travel agencies. There are of course many reasons for this result. From the perspective of travel agencies themselves, most small and medium-sized travel agencies have limited human, financial and material resources, but their business activities involve all aspects from product design and development to tourism reception. This multi-link operation will inevitably lead to a lack of depth in each operation. Shallow product development directly affects its appeal to tourists; weak promotion makes many domestic tourists lack understanding of travel agency services, and are half-confident about the affordable prices and other conveniences that can be obtained by using travel agencies. This ultimately makes domestic tourists distrust travel agencies. The utilization rate is low and the market scope is narrow; poor reception has caused or strengthened the public's bad impression of travel agencies, reducing repeat customers and other sources of customers. It will be difficult for travel agencies to survive in this vicious cycle.