What does the safety inspection of hydropower station check?

A, factory and factory safety inspection

Verification of (1) design standard

1. Check the flood control design standards for the main powerhouse, auxiliary powerhouse, main transformer site, switch station, outlet yard and access road (tunnel) of the hydropower station.

2. Check whether the top elevation of the flood dike (wall) of the onshore ground workshop is higher than the upstream water level of the river corresponding to the extraordinary flood of the workshop.

(2) General layout survey

1. Check the exit position of traffic shaft, bus shaft and ventilation and smoke exhaust tunnel (well) in underground workshop.

2. Investigate the influence of emergency water flow in flood discharge rain and fog area, flood discharge hydraulic jump area and jet area on the entrance of traffic tunnel, traffic shaft, bus shaft, exit of ventilation and smoke exhaust tunnel (well), and the entrance and exit lines of ground workshop or underground workshop.

3. Investigate the possibility, consequences and drainage measures of debris flow caused by all gullies on the slopes around the plant.

4. Check the location, size, elevation, sealing and drainage measures of holes, ditches, passages and reserved gaps connecting the upstream and downstream or river channels (which may lead to flooding of the factory building).

5. Check the elevation of the tailrace gate operating corridor or operating platform.

6. Investigate the flood control measures at the entrance of the traffic tunnel of underground powerhouse and the setting of personnel safety passage.

7. Check the tailrace layout, measures and schemes for scour and siltation prevention of the shore-type ground workshop.

8. Check the length and height of the upstream and downstream diversion walls between the riverbed workshop and the drainage structure.

9. Investigate the setting and operation management of the spillway gate connecting the workshop and the dam corridor.

(3) Safety inspection of factory building structure

1. Check the structural integrity and smooth drainage of the roof of the factory building.

2. Check the structural integrity and operation form of the upstream and downstream water retaining walls in the ground workshop, and check for cracks and leakage.

3. Check the integrity of the concrete structure outside the volute of the factory building, and check whether there are any potential safety hazards such as cracks and leakage.

4. Check whether there is leakage in the transverse joints of the riverbed powerhouse.

5. Check the stability of the flood dike (wall) of the onshore ground workshop and the scouring of the foundation.

6. Check the operation of the plugging and sealing structure of the construction adit and geological exploration tunnel connected to the reservoir or water conveyance tunnel in the underground powerhouse system, or the outlet of which is lower than the flood level of the powerhouse.

7. Check the treatment and operation of large-scale geological structure zone, fault fracture zone, joint fracture development zone, mined-out area and groundwater enrichment zone, large karst cave, underground river and other parts in the main cave of underground powerhouse.

(four) the safety inspection of the reservoir bank and the upstream and downstream rivers of the factory building.

1. Check the overall stability of the reservoir bank slope.

2. Check the overall stability of the upstream and downstream banks and back slopes of the factory.

3. Check the downstream riverbed for siltation, blockage and illegal occupation of the factory building.

4. Verify the relationship between the riverbed water level and the flow at the plant site.

5. Check whether the backwater of downstream cascade hydropower stations supports the downstream water level of the power station.

Second, the water diversion system safety inspection

1. Check the pipes and equipment connected with the reservoir, water inlet and water diversion system, and check the integrity of the expansion joint.

2. Check the deformation and cracks before and after the Ming-shui diversion pipe enters the factory (if necessary, carry out nondestructive testing), the deformation and water seepage of steel pipe welds and expansion joints, the deformation of steel pipe supporting structure, the deformation of slopes on both sides of Ming-shui pipe bed, whether the drainage system is smooth, and the measures to prevent mudslides.

3. Check the deformation and water seepage (pressure) of the water diversion buried pipe, sealing body and surge shaft structure, and the water seepage and changes of the drainage system of high-pressure pipeline and the drainage system outside the pipe; Actual maximum surge and working condition of surge shaft.

4. Check the deformation and seepage pressure of the buried pipe structure in the dam, and the deformation and leakage of the back pipe and exposed pipe of the dam.

5. Check the seepage pressure and deformation of the buried pipe section in front of the underground powerhouse, the deformation of the exposed pipe, the deformation of the weld and expansion joint, and the seepage and change of the drainage system of the high-pressure pipeline and the drainage system outside the steel pipe in front of the factory.

6. Check the structural integrity and water seepage of the import accident maintenance gate and the working gate groove.

Three, the hydraulic power generation system hydraulic transition process safety inspection

1. After the load rejection test, check the rechecking calculation results of the hydraulic transition process by the design unit and the host supplier.

2. After the overhaul of the unit, check the load rejection test results of the unit and check the setting of the guide vane closing law.

3. Check the recheck calculation results of hydraulic transition process after capacity expansion (if any).

Fourth, the tail water system safety inspection

1. Check the pipes and equipment connected with the tailrace system and downstream rivers.

2. Check the integrity of concrete structure, water seepage, etc. Elevation of tailrace outlet gate slot and vent.

3. Check the draft tube deformation and seepage pressure, etc. ; The sealing body connected with the factory building, the structural deformation and water seepage (pressure) of the surge shaft, the water seepage change of the drainage system, the actual maximum surge and working conditions of the tailrace surge shaft.

Five, the metal structure safety inspection

1. Check the water retaining and hydraulic closing functions of the emergency (quick) door at the inlet of the diversion tunnel of the power station, and conduct the remote control operation test of the central control room.

2. Check the water retaining and hydraulic closing functions of the tailrace emergency gate of the gate valve of the pumped storage power station and the emergency gate of the import and export of the lower reservoir, and conduct the remote control operation test of the central control room. Check the inspection rules and records of the gate chamber of the tailrace accident of the gate valve, and check the fixing, inspection and update of the connecting bolts of the high-head equipment.

3. Check the water retaining, opening and closing functions and operation status of flood gates in factories and corridors.

4. Check and recheck the consistency between the design water level of tailrace access door of hydropower station and the design standard of powerhouse flood.

Six, the unit and its ancillary equipment safety inspection

1. Check the running stability of the unit, ensure that the vibration, swing and pressure pulsation values of the unit are within the allowable range, and check the running state of the vibration and swing protection device.

2. Check the formulation and implementation of power plant unit stability test and stable operation scheduling rules.

3. Check the inlet valve, shafting, top cover and seat ring, split face of top cover, volute manhole, draft tube manhole, etc. Hydro-generator set (pumped storage unit); Runner cover plate, water guide ring, runner chamber and runner chamber access door of tubular turbine unit; Connection of water distribution ring pipe, nozzle, nozzle and other parts of impactor, service life of fixing bolts, nondestructive testing results and replacement records. Check the fastening state and integrity of prestressed bolts.

4. Check the integrity of the expansion joint and welded joint of the pipeline inside the device.

5. Check the drainage capacity and running status of the drainage facilities and drainage channels of the top cover.

6. Check the abrasion and water leakage of the spindle seal.

7. Check the running state and water leakage of the expansion joint seal connected with the volute, and conduct nondestructive testing on the expansion joint regularly.

8. Check the operation status of the inlet valve and its extension, expansion joint and exposed pipe section of volute, and conduct nondestructive testing and/or stress testing regularly.

9. Check the running status and accuracy of the sectional closing device and overspeed limiter of the speed control system.

10. Check the test results and running status of electrical and mechanical overspeed protection devices.

1 1. Check the function test of the inlet valve and conduct a simulation test.

Seven, drainage system safety inspection

1. Check the operation status and equipment integrity of the factory drainage system, leakage drainage system and overhaul drainage system; Check the leakage of the workshop, and repair the volume, drainage capacity and operation and maintenance of the collecting well.

2. Check whether the outlet check valve of the water pump in the drainage system is a slow-closing check valve and its integrity.

3. Check the operation of the surface water and groundwater drainage system around the factory (whether the water interception is effective, whether the drainage is smooth and whether the drainage capacity meets the requirements).

4. Check the plant maintenance, water leakage, and the setting and operation of drainage channels for large-flow drainage on the ground inside and outside the plant.

5. Check the leakage of surrounding rock of underground powerhouse and the underground water level outside the powerhouse.

6. Check other water supply pipelines and related control valves in the factory (such as local drinking water and irrigation water).

Eight, control and protection of communication system safety inspection

1. Check the protection water level signal of the flooded workshop and other important parts at the bottom of the main workshop, its action law and test results.

2. Check the water level monitoring device of the workshop sump and the transmission channel of the alarm signal of water level exceeding the standard.

3. Check the reservoir water level measurement control device and the reservoir water level data communication channel. Pumped storage power stations should have technical measures to prevent the reservoir water level from exceeding the warning value under pumping and power generation conditions.

4. Check the station network setting of hydrological forecasting system and the communication mode of automatic forecasting system.

5. Check the protection logic and loop reliability of the flooded workshop alarm signal of the independent hard-wired emergency operating system when the unit stops and the emergency door closes.

6. Check that the emergency operation button box set in the central control room can directly act on the stop and close safety door of the unit through the hard wiring loop independent of the monitoring system in case of emergency, check and verify that the operating power supply should be independent and reliable, and conduct a simulation test.

7. Check the button for manually starting the flooded workshop in the escape passage of the generator floor. In case of emergency, the hard-wired loop independent of the monitoring system can directly act on the stop and close safety door of the unit, verify that the operating power supply should be independent and reliable, and conduct simulation tests.

8. Check the functions of the alarm system, such as sound and light, alarm bell, etc. The independent submerged workshop in the workshop.

9. Check the reliability of power supply in the control loop of the main inlet valve, and verify the dual-loop redundant control functions of "power on and power off" of the main inlet valve.

10. Check the power supply reliability of the governor control loop and verify the dual-loop redundant control function of the governor.

1 1. Check the reliability of the control power supply for the emergency gate at the entrance and exit of the reservoir and the emergency gate at the tailrace. The emergency gate closing command should be used directly without going through PLC.

12. Check the electric locking function between the tailrace emergency gate and the main inlet valve of the pumped storage power station: the inlet valve is fully closed, the tailgate is allowed to operate, the tailgate is fully closed, and the ball valve is locked to operate.

13. Check the clock synchronization function of power station monitoring system, excitation system, speed regulating system, protection system, fault wave recording device and other equipment, and verify the real-time storage function of wave recording and power-off storage function of the above equipment.

Nine, auxiliary power system safety inspection

1. According to the requirements of Article 3. 1 ~ 3. 1.6 of Code for Design of Auxiliary Power of Hydroelectric Power Plants (NB/T35044-20 14), check the connection mode and operation status of working power supply, standby power supply and security power supply of auxiliary power system.

2. Check the power supply reliability of the leakage drainage system of the plant under normal and accident conditions.

3. Check the regular start-up records of diesel generator sets.

4. According to the requirements of Code for Lighting Design of Hydropower Plants (NB/T35008-20 13), investigate the configuration of normal lighting and emergency lighting in traffic and emergency evacuation passages.

X. Safety inspection of industrial television system

1. Check the setting and operation of industrial TV sets in important parts such as water garage, main inlet valve, leakage sump, corridor and water level signal, volute manhole, tailrace manhole, reservoir water level gauge, upper/lower reservoir sluice well, tailrace sluice well and diesel generator room.

2. Check that the protection level of fixed industrial TV cameras in important parts is not lower than IP67, and bring their own large-capacity memory cards. The power supply time of industrial TV system equipment UPS shall not be less than 1 hour.

Eleven, flooded factory emergency plan inspection

Check the pertinence, completeness, operability, compilation, update, drill and material preparation of the emergency plan to prevent the accident of the flooded factory building.

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