Structure and lighting skills that must be mastered in landscape photography

Composition is the skeleton of a photo, light and shadow are the soul of the photo, and composition angle and light consumption are two major elements of landscape photography. In landscape photography, whether it is plain or magnificent, it contains infinite visual beauty. Sometimes it only exists for a moment, fleeting, and sometimes it is hidden under a very ordinary appearance, which is not surprising and difficult to identify. In fact, this hidden visual beauty is really magical and interesting. I'll take you to get to know it.

Techniques of composition and lighting that must be mastered in landscape photography I. Art of light and shadow

The importance of light to photography is self-evident. In landscape photography, with the illumination of light, the picture will produce light and dark levels, lines and tones. Different seasons, different sun positions and different light intensities. The intensity of light will change at different time periods every day, which means that the color temperature is different at different time periods. In different light, the landscape will show different colors. Therefore, it is necessary to use appropriate light according to the performance intention. For example, in autumn and winter, the vehicle is photographed with backlight and side light, and the shadow will appear on one side of the subject, which can show its strength; In spring and summer, flowers can be photographed by using the transmitted light and side light of the backlight, which can show the texture and three-dimensional sense of the subject; Using soft light in the morning and evening can show the scenery full of quiet atmosphere.

1 Take pictures of scenery, mainly using ether sunlight as light source.

Different positions of the sun have different effects on the scenery. In landscape photography, shooting scenery along the light can give people a bright and clear feeling. However, the lighting along the light is too flat, and the distinction between light and dark is not obvious, which often makes the color of the main body of the scene blend with the background, and the picture lacks three-dimensional sense. However, for beginners, the use of smooth light is relatively simple Photographers can basically take satisfactory photos as long as they use the camera's evaluation metering mode.

Side lighting is a form that is widely used in landscape photography.

Especially 45? The front light in the corner can not only make the scene have a certain contrast between light and shade, but also enhance the three-dimensional sense of the scene and the shadow level of the picture. At the same time, the color of the restored picture is also ideal. There are still 90? The side light in the corner can halve the light and shade of the scene, and the contrast between light and shade and the three-dimensional sense of the picture are very obvious. Especially in the performance of buildings and other objects with uneven surfaces, the effect is more prominent. When shooting with sidelight, the photographer should try to measure the brightness of the picture to avoid local overexposure.

Backlight is the most distinctive light in landscape photography.

Backlight means that the sun shines from the back of the camera, and the illuminated scene will produce a bright outline, so that the subject and background can be clearly separated. Backlight is most suitable for scenes with multiple levels before and after, and a fine contour light is outlined behind each scene, so that there is a strong sense of spatial distance between the front and rear scenes and a good perspective effect. When shooting a backlit scene, the picture is often underexposed due to the sunlight and the bright outline of the scene. Therefore, when a photographer shoots a backlit scene, it is best to determine the exposure time through the dark part of the scene, so as to fully show the level of the scene. If the photographer wants to get the effect of silhouette, then the bright part should prevail when shooting.

44. In the process of photography, light and shadow coexist.

However, in photography creation, especially in landscape photography, the role of shadows is often ignored, and even some photographers deliberately avoid shadows when shooting. However, it is still an indispensable part of many excellent photographic works, and photographers can get good picture effects as long as they properly grasp the contrast between light and shade. The nature of shadow depends on the nature of light. Generally speaking, it is difficult for diffuse light to form strong shadows. If there is an extremely obvious contrast effect between light and shade in the picture, then the light at this time is mostly direct light. For landscape photography, if you shoot in the early morning or evening, you will get a long shadow effect. The stronger the sunshine, the darker the shadow. At this time, if you choose to shoot at a high point, you will get great light and shadow works.

Composition and lighting skills that must be mastered in landscape photography II. Charm of composition

Composition is the skeleton of a photo. When composing a composition, if a subject and background are evenly distributed, the picture will not be too beautiful. When shooting a landscape, the composition should be centered on the landscape and set off by a subject in the landscape. For example, when shooting blue sea and snow-capped mountains, priority should be given to the sea and snow-capped mountains in composition, so that they occupy a prominent position in the picture. To do this, we must choose a suitable shooting angle.

1 Use the angle to express the depth of the picture.

For example, when shooting a road, it is very important to explain the location and scale of the road clearly in the composition. On this basis, in order to show the depth of the road, it is necessary to choose a suitable angle, so that one end of the road extends straight or winding to the distance, and the viewer's line of sight also leads to the far end of the road and the end of the sky, so that the picture is attractive. If only the middle paragraph is intercepted in the composition, the audience will not see the depth of the picture and lack the elements to attract the audience's attention.

Don't let the middle scene block the foreground.

When using vertical composition, we should pay attention to the proportion of sky and ground scenery in the picture. If you want to represent the sky, the sky should be the focus of the picture, which can generally account for about 3/5 of the picture and the ground scenery can account for about 2/5. In addition, there must be a small part of weak vision in the ground scenery to avoid seeing only the close shot and the middle shot. In other words, don't let the outline of the middle scene completely block the foreground. The foreground of the ground scenery in the picture is vague, which can echo the vast sky in the distance and connect heaven and earth, so that the picture has a strong sense of depth. To achieve the above goals, we must choose a suitable angle. If the angle is too low, there will only be close shot and middle shot in the picture, but there will be no long shot. Under normal circumstances, you need to shoot a suitable angle to let the field of vision on the ground enter the picture. In order to express the three-dimensional sense of the ground scene, side light should be used when shooting, so that different degrees of shadows appear on one side of the scene.

3 appropriate? Vivid?

Pay attention to the relationship between motion and static when shooting scenery. Although landscape photos can take pictures without people and vehicles, such as inaccessible snow-capped mountains, deserts and peaks, these are in line with the natural environment of the subject. However, if shooting in densely populated areas, it is best to have people, driving vehicles and other subjects in the picture. Without these themes, it would be a bit dull and lifeless to express only simple scenery. When shooting similar scenes, people and vehicles are the foil of the scene. When composing a composition, these subjects should be arranged in the middle position, and the proportion of the picture should be small, so that it is between the close shot and the long shot. This composition not only conforms to the environment where people or vehicles are located, but also makes viewers feel more comfortable.