Ai Jia Photography Feixiang

First, the origin of surnames

The origin of the surname Lóng Long cannot be investigated in detail because it involves many myths. There are seven sources:

1, from Longxing, the minister of the Yellow Emperor. According to the bamboo book "The Origin and Chronicle of Surnames", the Yellow Emperor Chen has a long xing, and the Yellow Emperor lives in a bear (now Xinzheng, Henan). It's for the Longjia family in Henan.

2. After Nayanlong came naturally, he took the official name as his surname. According to "A Brief History of Clans", Long Shi, Ye, and Long Yeran (the so-called Ran was the official position of cashier and emperor at that time. ) descendants take the official name of the dragon as their surname. Because Shun's activity area is in the south of Shanxi, Zhilong's family comes from what is now Shanxi Province. It's for the Longjia family in Shanxi. It spread to the Han dynasty for more than two thousand years. Long Mian moved from Hebei Julu to Fufeng Jingzhao because of his official position. According to legend, Uncle Long IV, the word, is the magistrate of Longchu County. When Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty was promoted to Lingling County, he became an official in Chu and was the ancestor of Wuling.

3, from ancient myths and legends, after Yu Long. According to "Examination of Surnames", the surname of the dragon comes from the royal dragon, looking beyond Tianshui. For example, the descendants of Liu Lei, the imperial dragon of the Xia Dynasty (after Yao, he was deeply appreciated by Kong Jia, the emperor of the Xia Dynasty, and was given the title of "Imperial Dragon") were named after dragons. The old city of Liu Lei is in the south of Yanshi County, Henan Province, belonging to the Long family in Henan Province.

4, from ancient myths and legends, after the dragon family. According to "A Brief History of Clans", "A Record of the Words and Actions of Famous Family" and other materials, it is said that Dong Fu's surname is already Shi, and he is good at feeding dragons, so he was given the surname "riding dragons" because of raising dragons. Some of its descendants take the dragon as their surname, especially the dragon in Hubei.

5. Since the Western Han Dynasty, there has been a dragon surname. According to the Records of Huayang Country, there was a dragon surname in the Western Han Dynasty. Xiansi County governs the northwest of Kaili County, Guizhou Province.

6. From the place name, the place of breeding is the surname. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Dr. Chu lived on the Dragon (now the Dragon Township in the southwest of Tai 'an City, Shandong Province), and some of his descendants took the dragon as their surname.

7, from other lineages and ethnic minorities have a surname of dragon:

(1) According to the historical records in the north, the kings of Yanqi (now southwest of Yanqi in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region) and the western regions (now Changji and Manas counties in Xinjiang) were all dragons.

② There are dragon surnames among ethnic minorities. In China, Miao, Pumi, Hani, Yi, Dong, Yao, Shui and other ethnic groups all have the surname of dragon.

Second, migration distribution.

Legend has it that the birthplace of the dragon surname in the era is Henan, Shanxi and Hubei. Due to the numerous and widely distributed tribes of the dragon surname, the dragon surname rapidly expanded and multiplied to the surrounding areas. Around the Han Dynasty, Gansu, Hubei, Hunan, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan and Shandong were the three centers of the Long surname. During this period, people with the surname of dragon moved into Sichuan, and then moved south to Guizhou, forming one of the four surnames (Dragon, Fu, Yin and Dong). During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the dragon surname in the Central Plains moved south to avoid the war, which promoted the growth of the population of the dragon surname in the south, and this migration also laid a solid foundation for the development of the dragon surname in the south of the Yangtze River to the prosperity in the north. According to "Northern History", "Mickey King and Yanqi King are all named after dragons." Yanqi is a small country in the west. When the Dragon Society was in power, it defeated King Qiuci. For a time, they all surrendered to the east of Green Ridge. When his son Longxi was in power, he surrendered and cooled down, sent his son to serve, and gradually merged with the Han nationality. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the chief of Longfan in Bafan was named after the dragon, and later it was divided into Dalongfan, Xiaolongfan appeasement department, Longkeng, Shanglonglong lawsuit and Anlong household. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the Long family moved to the south for the second time in history, which made the population of the Long family in the south greatly exceed that in the north. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the above-mentioned branch of "Longfan" developed into "Longjia" and gradually merged with Han, Buyi, Shui and Miao nationalities. Judging from the historical evolution of the dragon surname, this process not only reflects the integration of the northern dragon surname with the southern nationalities, but also reflects the integration of the minority dragon surname with the Han nationality and other nationalities. In this step-by-step integration, Long completed the historical journey of traveling all over China. Today, there are many dragon surnames, especially in Hunan, Sichuan, Guangdong, Jiangxi and other provinces. According to a recent survey, the dragon surnames of the four provinces all belong to the Longgang tribe in Wuling County, Jiangxi Province, accounting for about 67% of the Han population in China. The reason for their migration is business trip, which has nothing to do with Wu Luanhua. Long is the eighty-fifth surname in China today, with a large population, accounting for about 0.24% of the national population.

Third, historical celebrities.

Zi Long: A famous person named Long, first seen in Historical Records. It is said that this sage, also known as Uncle Long, was quoted by Mencius for advocating "being good at helping the land and paying tribute", which made his name go down in history.

Qi Long: A general at the end of the Qin Dynasty, the official worshipped the pioneer and was later named Fu.

Long Mian: Born in the first year of Yuanguang in the Western Han Dynasty (BC 130), his ancestral home was Julu, Hebei Province, and he was an official in Qin in the Han Dynasty. His descendants settled in Fufeng Jingzhao. In the first year of Shiyuan (86 BC), he was the senior of Cheng Yi.

Long Shu: The word Gao Bo, Fufeng Jingzhao people. 15 was born in Yuanshou, Western Han Dynasty in February (BC 1). In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the capital dragon was built, and Jianwu (AD 49) was the prefect of Lingling, whose family name was Wuling County.

Long Geng: Xizhong, Tang Yuanhe (807), born in Kaicheng (838). Since Daozhou, he has served as Ji Shuicheng in Luling, Jiangxi. When he is a righteous act, it is difficult to return. His father and son once lived in Yongxin, Li Antang, and he was the ancestor of Evonne in Yongxin.

Long Kuang, born in Xian Tong (860), was appointed as the 15th director of Long Jiyuan in 889. Yu Tianyou 13 (9 16) died and was buried in Yanduiling. There is a poem that says: "Rich for thousands of years, living in hundreds of millions of homes, children and grandchildren flowing out, there is always sound." Give birth to five children, all of whom are nobles.

Long Yan: The word is too early. Fu Yuan (1099) of the Northern Song Dynasty was named Wei Yuan. Poets in Song Dynasty.

Long Jintian: Zifei was born in (1 135), and finally (1223). In the Southern Song Dynasty, Xiaozong Xichun was a scholar for four years, and he was the first magistrate in Putian, Fujian. Later, he was promoted to the secretariat of Nanxiong Road, where he was honest as an official, did practical things for the people, and made outstanding achievements, which was praised by the world. In the first year of the Jubilee in Song Ningzong (65438)

Dragon bracelet: Song people, during the reign of Gande, Zhou was a satrap, benefiting the court and winning the hearts of the people. The local people drew a crane to praise his virtue.

Long Xie: A famous dramatist in Qing Dynasty, born in Wangjiang (now Anhui). His works include Qionghuameng and Furong City, which were quite famous at that time.

Long Yun: A native of Zhaotong, Yunnan, was originally a commander under the warlord Tang, and later joined the Kuomintang. 1949 issued a statement expressing support for China's leadership. After the founding of New China, he successively served as a member of the Central People's Government, vice chairman of the National Defense Commission, vice chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Commission, member and vice chairman of the first NPC Standing Committee, the second and third China People's Political Consultative Conference, and made contributions to the socialist cause, national unity, consolidation and development of the patriotic United front in the border areas, and the construction of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee of the Central Standing Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee.

Long Taichu: In the Song Dynasty, I visited Wang Anshi in the name of a poet and wrote a poem "Sand Poetry", which won Wang Anshi's praise.

Long: Zi Xiangcheng, Yuanfeng four years in the Northern Song Dynasty (108 1), served as our ambassador in Nanchang. In the name of Hunan, he appeased and recruited envoys to quell the rebellion of Chu Miao. In the camp where he died, he was named Hou Nanping, loyal to martial arts, and given the title of "Huxiang Family".

Long Renfu: A native of Ji 'an (now Jiangxi), deputy director of Zhejiang Confucianism in Yuan Dynasty, and author of The Book of Changes.

Dragon: The word Jinshan is from Tongcheng, Anhui. During the Jiaqing period, there was a scholar (No.1 scholar) who was compiled by Li Guan as a successor book. He is the author of "Collection of Giving Inks to Zhai".

Dragon: A Miao nationality in Guizhou in the Ming Dynasty, who led the uprising against government forces for more than ten years, attacked Yinjiang, Sizhou, Shiqian and other cities, and was later suppressed, captured and killed.

Long: A native of Yongxin, Jiangxi Province in the Qing Dynasty, he was a scholar during the Tongzhi period. He wrote Zhouyi Shuo, Yong Chao and Ming.

Long Ruyuan: The word Chunfang (? -1859): Wanping people in Zhili, Qing Dynasty. He was born in the army. He suppressed the Taiping Army from Guiying, the governor of Henan Province, and worked as a guerrilla and a soldier. In the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858), he was promoted to the position of vice president of Drum Club, helping Sengqin to strengthen Tianjin's coastal defense. The following year, the British and French allied forces provoked the second war of selling goods. He held the former fort on the north shore, burned out his giant gun, hit the enemy ship hard and was killed by a gun.

Long Qirui: Series 5,No. Chen Han (18 14- 1858): a native of Lingui (now Guilin) in Guangxi in the Qing Dynasty. Daoguang champion, awarded by the Hanlin Academy. After the Taiping Rebellion broke out, group training was held all over the country. Later, he served as a political scholar and political envoy in Jiangxi. He is the author of Poems of Jingdetang, Tenure Correction of Primary School, etc.

Long Zehou: A native of Lingui, Guangxi, in the late Qing Dynasty, with a word product, Guangxu excellent tribute. Introduced by the magistrate of a county, Kang Youwei, an apprentice in Guangzhou, is the senior of the 10,000-acre thatched cottage. He has participated in the uprisings of Guilin Shenghui, Shanghai Qianghui, Shanghai Non-Foot-binding Club, Shanghai Chinese Club and Self-Defense Force. In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903), he was arrested by the Qing government in cooperation with the Inspection Department of Shanghai Public Concession for his work in Su Bao. He once presided over the satellites in San Francisco. Later, he served as the provost of Shanghai Tianyou College. The editor has "Mr. Nanhai goes to the secretary".

Long Mingjian: A native of Rongxian County, Sichuan Province. In his early years, he went to Japan to study abroad, joined the League, and later organized comrades to carry out armed struggle. He died on the way to Syria (now northeast Yibin).

Fourth, the county hall number

Wang Jun 1

Wuling County: The county was established by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and governed by Yiling (now Xupu South, Hunan Province). It is equivalent to Changyang, Wufeng, Hefeng and Laifeng counties in Hubei Province, to the west of Yuanjiang River Basin in Hunan Province, to the east of Guizhou, and to Sanjiang and Longsheng in Guangxi. The Eastern Han Dynasty moved to Linyuan (now west of Changde City, Hunan Province).

Tianshui County: In the third year of Ding Yuan in the Western Han Dynasty (BC 1 14), it was located in Pingxiang (now northwest of Tongwei, Gansu Province) and moved to Shangtuo in the Western Jin Dynasty (now Tianshui City). The Northern Wei Dynasty was equivalent to today's cities and counties such as Shui, Qin 'an and Gangu.

Wuyang County: In Sui Dynasty, Weizhou was changed to Wuyang County, located in your hometown (now northeast of Daming, Hebei Province), and in Tang Dynasty, it was changed to Weizhou. It is equivalent to Daming, Cixian, Shexian, Wu 'an, Linzhang, Feixiang, wei county, Qiuxian, Cheng 'an, Guangping, Guantao, hua county, Xunxian, Neihuang and guanxian.

Taiyuan County: In the fourth year of the Warring States Period (246 BC), Wang Xiang, a Qin Zhuang county, ruled Jinyang (now southwest of Taiyuan City). The Northern Wei Dynasty was equivalent to today's Yangqu, Jiaocheng, Pingyao and Heshun Jinzhong area.

Wuchang County: In 22 1 year, Sun Quan ruled Wuchang in Jiangxia County, Zhangyu County and Luling County. In the Western Jin Dynasty, there were Jiayu, Xianning, Tongshan and other cities and counties in the south of Hubei, and Jiujiang, Ruixian and other cities and counties in Jiangxi.

Nanyang County: It was located in the thirty-fifth year of Zhao Haoqi in the Warring States Period (272 BC). Governance is located in Wanxian County (now Nanyang City, Henan Province). The jurisdiction of the Han Dynasty is equivalent to Yexian and Neixiang, south of Xiong 'er Mountain in Henan, and Yingshan and Yunxian, north of Dahongshan Mountain in Hubei. After that, it gradually became smaller and abandoned in the early Sui Dynasty. Long Shu said that the mountains are all dragons, and the mountains are all a county in Nanyang County.

2. Hall number

Shishi Hall, Badetang Hall and Dunhou Hall: The names of the three halls are all derived from Longshu in the later Han Dynasty, and the word Gaobo is the head of the mountain capital. Ma Yuan wrote a letter to his nephew, urging him to learn two sentences written by Long Shu: "I am sincere and cautious, and I have no choice but to be frugal and honest." Ma Yuan called it "Eight Virtues" of Dragon Tree. When the emperor knew this, he promoted Long Shu to the position of magistrate, saying that he was "worthy of being the teacher of the world".

Jingdetang: The Collection of Jingdetang, written by Long Qiduan in Qing Dynasty, is called Jingdetang.

Yi 'antang: The tribes in central Guangdong include Guangzhou, Foshan, Zhaoqing and Qingyuan. According to the latest survey, there are more than 200 villages with a population of 654.38 million, of which more than 20% live abroad. Ancestors are close to the sky, and Yi 'antang follows; Liu Biao said to Pang Gong: No official position, no children, for the public; The world left it in danger, and I left it there alone, but I left nothing behind. Therefore, I call it Ian. Yi 'antang School; (See Longshi Genealogy in Central Guangdong)

In addition, the main hall names of Long surname are Wuling Hall, Tianshui Hall, Yan Na Hall, Dunben Hall and Zhong Qin Hall.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) family pedigree

Nationwide: the genealogy of the Long family in Quanzhou, Fujian Province is not divided into volumes.

Guangdong:; There are two volumes of Longshi genealogy in central Guangdong, seventeen volumes in Daliang, Shunde, but none in Tai 'ao, Huaxian, Longxi in Huaxian, Jilong in Longwu, Daning, Jinshan in Gaoyao, and beside the Great Temple of Heaven in Baiyun District, Guangzhou.

Zhejiang: Six Volumes of Dragon Tree Genealogy in Lanxi

Jiangxi: Wanzai Long Family Tree (1782, the number of volumes is unclear), Wanzai Lecture Hall Long Family Tree (the number of volumes is unclear), Wanzai Long Family Tree (18 12, the number of volumes is unclear), and Wanzai Long Family Tree is not divided into volumes (/kloc-0)

Hunan: There are 37 volumes of Longshi genealogy in West Gao Qiao, 16 volumes of Longshi genealogy in Changsha, no volumes of Chaling Cloud genealogy, 18 volumes of Nanlong genealogy in Shangcheng, 8 volumes of Nanlong genealogy in Xiangcheng, 4 volumes of Nanlong genealogy in Xiangcheng and 52 volumes of Nanlong genealogy in Xiangcheng.

Chongqing: Dazu County has no volume (2002). Quan Yi Book of Long Family Tree in Gaosheng Town, Dazu County (1980).

Six, clan characteristics

1. Dragon is a sacred object highly praised by China people. Taking the dragon as the surname is also a manifestation of this psychological connotation.

2. In the development history of the dragon surname, the historical trend of ethnic integration is more reflected.

3. The word lines of Long surname are orderly.

Genealogy of Long Family in Majiang County, Guizhou Province: Zu Yongchun, who is carrying a righteous boy, called on the world to inherit loyalty and morality and Ming Sheng.

▲ Feng

First, the surname comes from the official name: When Di Ku, the great grandson of the ancient Yellow Emperor, took the name of Phoenix as the official name, he was an official specializing in calendar astronomy to guide people to cultivate and harvest according to seasons. His descendants took the wind as their surname and passed it down from generation to generation. According to Zuo Zhuan, "When the family was born, the phoenix family was a calendar. Phoenix takes the official as its surname. Looking out of Pingyang Xiangyang. " Second, the county looks at Pingyang and the sun. Sun County, located in the Han Dynasty, is now Wugong County, Shaanxi Province. Iii. Celebrities of past dynasties 1, Feng Gangyi, a native of Yuyang in Han Dynasty. Legend has it that he often picks hundreds of grass flowers and seals them with water stains. From January to the end of September, he collected them, buried them for 100 days and bombed them nine times. People who have just died can be saved by eating medicine in their mouths. He often took this medicine until he was a few hundred years old, and his whereabouts were unknown after he became an immortal. 2, the phoenix is like one-the word neighbor. People from Wuxian County in Ming Dynasty. Give birth to an official with a tribute. Chongqi was not appointed as the judge of Hanyang, and took photos of counties and counties. Zhang pursued the victory, and the satrap abandoned the seal and fled. He mobilized the officers and men and residents of the whole city to fight to the death. Thieves can't resist. Step back. The acropolis made contributions to the people and was promoted to the magistrate of Hengzhou. Died in office. 3. Fengshan Manchu in Qing Dynasty. Following Fan Ze's attack on Zuo Ling, he served as the wing commander of Xiaoqi Battalion, printed Zhang Jing, moved and led the branch of Jingdong 'an Governor. In the 26th year of Guangxu (1900), he served as deputy commander-in-chief and trained the troops of both capital city. In the thirty-third year of Guangxu (1907), he was promoted to General Xi 'an and remained in Beijing. In the third year of Xuantong (19 1 1), General Jingzhou was transferred to General Guangzhou, but Wuchang Uprising broke out. The Guangdong revolutionaries were brewing a response. He didn't listen to the dissuasion of his colleagues in Beijing. After arriving in Beijing, he went to the south gate of the west and was killed by a bomb thrown by the revolutionary Li Peiji.