Society in Yongtai County

During the Qing Dynasty, Yongtai builders had traveled all over Bamin. The Confucian Temple and Liankui Tower built by craftsmen in Guangjian County of Qing Dynasty have reached a considerable level in scale and technology. During the Republic of China, more than 1 construction factories were established in Fuzhou to undertake the first-class construction projects at that time, such as Fuzhou Power Plant and South China Women's College of Arts and Sciences. However, the urban and rural construction in this county has been in a backward state for a long time.

after the founding of the people's Republic of China, with the development of the national economy and the improvement of traffic conditions, urban and rural construction has gradually changed. Since 196, the construction team in Yongtai County has been growing day by day, and the construction technology has been gradually improved. The county government building, Zhangcheng Hotel, Nanmen Department Store, Theater, Zhangcheng Cinema, County Stadium and Tashan Park have been built successively. Urban and rural streets continue to expand, and public facilities continue to improve. From 1953 to 1987, the capital construction investment of the whole county and collective units reached 88.41 million yuan. Due to the development of hydropower, not only the speed of industrial and mining construction is accelerated, but also the domestic electricity such as lighting is well solved. By the end of 1987, 243 villages in the county had installed electric lights. Since the 197s, tap water companies have been established in county towns, and tap water has been used in many villages.

since 198s, environmental pollution caused by the development of industry and transportation has been treated. Industrial wastewater, waste gas, waste and other pollution have been initially controlled. After the county real estate development company was established in 1982, the pace of residential commercial housing construction was very fast. From 1982 to 1987, the state invested 6,133,7 yuan in housing construction, with a housing construction area of 74,599 square meters. With the development of urban and rural construction, people's life and social environment have taken on a brand-new look.

in p>28, Yongtai county improved the new rural construction planning of 41 demonstration villages and renovation villages with "Hundred Flowers Project". 863 new houses were built in the pilot village of "Hundred Flowers Project", and 139 households with 62 people were relocated. Completed the task of water supply in 2 administrative villages and was listed as the fifth batch of primary water conservancy counties in Fujian Province. A historic breakthrough has been made in rural highway construction. 254 administrative villages in the county have achieved "village to village" cement roads, with a total mileage of 739.5 kilometers and a total investment of 265 million yuan. The annual task of building rural household biogas digesters was completed; 155 villages in 15 towns and villages passed the acceptance test, and Songkou Town was listed as a model town in the whole province. The construction of 132 administrative villages and villages was fully completed. There are 17 cement basketball courts and 15 physical fitness paths in the new administrative village. We held 495 scientific and technological training sessions for new farmers, and trained 1,6 people in the "Sunshine Project" for rural labor transfer. Yongtai county has a long cultural history. Zhang Yuangan's ci in Song Dynasty, Huang Ren's poems in Qing Dynasty and Ke Qi's paintings were all famous for a while. Folk literature and art have a long history, and folk songs are sung for a long time. "Poetry club" and poetry club have been going on for more than a hundred years. In the late Qing Dynasty, there were some influential troupes, such as "Faithful Foot Music" and "Qingyun Fairy". Most of these activities are spontaneous, and the government has not set up a special agency to guide and manage them.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the county established a cultural bureau and a cultural center, and mass cultural activities had specialized institutions for leadership, management and counseling. Mass culture, folk literature and art, literary creation, drama performance, books and archives, film and television broadcasting and so on have made great progress. The 1-year "Cultural Revolution", which began in 1966, brought a devastating blow to cultural undertakings. Traditional culture was regarded as "closed, funded and repaired" and all were banned. People in the cultural circles were regarded as "ghostly" and most of them were impacted and destroyed to varying degrees.

After p>1979, the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the CPC Central Committee opened up a broad road for the prosperity of cultural undertakings again. By 1987, the county had established 21 township-level cultural stations and 149 village-level cultural rooms, and mass cultural activities not only had places, but also had management institutions. The county has held six large-scale literary performances and performances (14 before 1978). Every year, the performances of County and Fujian Troupe are more than 2, and the highest year is 333. The county has set up a steering committee for literary and artistic creation, a repertory room and an amateur creative group to actively carry out literary and artistic creation, and also published Yongtai Literature and Art (quarterly). The film screening team has grown from one team in 1955 to 22 teams in 1987. The number of screenings increased from 292 in 1963 with more than 13, people, to 6,144 in 1987 with 3.64 million people. The archives have all sorted out the archives of the Republic of China and completed the archives appraisal of all county-level organs. The coverage rate of rural radio is 9%; There are 22 large and small TV difference turntables, and the TV coverage area reaches 65%; There are more than ten thousand TV sets in urban and rural areas. The vigorous development of cultural undertakings has enriched people's spiritual life and created a group of cultural talents. One of them has been absorbed as members of various associations: one member of China Artists Association; 2 members of Fujian Branch of Chinese Folk Writers Association; 5 members of Fujian Branch of Chinese Dramatists Association; 1 member of Fujian Branch of Chinese Quyi Artists Association; 1 member of Fujian Branch of Chinese Dancers Association; 2 members of Fujian Branch of China Photographers Association; 8 members of Fujian Branch of China Artists Association; 1 member of Fujian Branch of Chinese Writers Association.

in p>28, rafter dragon, paper lion, tiger Zun Quan and Anhai Quan were successfully declared as intangible cultural heritage of Fuzhou. Songkou Town was rated as a famous historical and cultural town at the provincial level. In the long historical period before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the education in Yongtai County developed slowly. In the Five Dynasties, the surname of Zhang and Huang followed Wang Shenzhi into Fujian, and their descendants lived in Yongtai to avoid chaos, and set up family schools and family schools, which promoted the education in this county to a certain extent. However, during the feudal period, there were only a hundred people in the county who could enter the official school. Modern education developed in the Republic of China. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, seven middle schools in Fuzhou and Changle moved to Yongtai, and the education from early childhood to middle school flourished for a while, cultivating a group of talents with certain achievements. In 37 years of the Republic of China (1948), there were 11 primary schools (including private primary schools) in the county, with 6359 students, accounting for only 39.3% of school-age children. There are 2 middle schools with only 253 students. On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, 8% of the county was illiterate.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the number of all kinds of schools and students has greatly developed, but from the anti-rightist movement in 1957 to the "Cultural Revolution" after 1966, the education cause was disturbed and destroyed.

since the third plenary session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, Yongtai's education has gradually been on the right track. By 1987, there were 31 kindergartens (classes) in the county, with 734 children in the kindergarten; There are 485 primary schools with 43,632 students, accounting for 96.12% of school-age children; There are 13 ordinary middle schools with 15,461 students. With the deepening of the reform of the education system, the quality of education has gradually improved. From 1977 to 1987, the county sent 1495 high school graduates to various colleges and universities for further study; 126 junior and senior high school graduates entered secondary specialized schools. However, since 1985, there has been a phenomenon of "brain-body upside down" in social distribution, which has affected the stability of the teaching staff and caused the spread of the phenomenon of students. In addition, the problems such as insufficient education funds and shortage of teachers have not been solved in time, which has adversely affected Yongtai's education.

in p>28, the construction of educational infrastructure in Yongtai county progressed steadily. 16 rural primary and secondary schools were partially completed, and 15 rural central primary boarding schools were all completed. It was awarded "the first batch of demonstration counties for reading aid in Fujian Province". Pass the provincial, municipal and county education supervision, evaluation and acceptance with excellent results. Before the Republic of China, most of Yongtai's urban and rural areas practiced medicine by individuals, mostly Chinese medicine. In 3 years (1914), the Christian Church opened a Hengtong Hospital in Chengguan, which was closed after 3 years. It was not until January of the 27th year of the Republic of China (1938) that the county government established a humble county health center. Due to the lack of medical care and medicine, hospitals can not play an effective role in epidemic prevention, so various infectious diseases and endemic diseases are still raging in urban and rural areas for a long time. As for maternal and child health care, it is even more backward. There is only one midwife in the county health center, and all women's deliveries are delivered by midwives, or even "self-packaged", and the maternal and neonatal mortality rates are staggering.

after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the county people's government attached great importance to medical and health care. From a humble county hospital in 1951, it developed into five medical and health institutions, 21 township (town) hospitals (or central hospitals) and 226 village clinics with considerable scale in 1981, including county hospitals, county traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, county health and epidemic prevention stations, county maternal and child health centers and county health education schools. The county has formed a fairly complete three-level medical and health care network at county, township and village levels. State-owned pharmaceutical units have grown from scratch. In 1956, county pharmaceutical companies were established, and there are now 4 pharmaceutical stores and 1 pharmaceutical factory. In 1987, there were 576 health technicians in the county, with an average of 1.8 health technicians per worker, including .7 doctors and .5 nurses. There are 497 beds, and the average number of beds per thousand people is 1.58. With the improvement of medical technology, plague and smallpox have been eliminated, cholera and other infectious diseases have been effectively controlled, and the incidence of chronic infectious diseases such as measles, dysentery, whooping cough, Japanese encephalitis and tuberculosis has been reduced. The delivery rate of the new method has reached 94.4%, the neonatal mortality rate has dropped to 27.3‰, the annual birth rate has dropped to 12.74‰, the natural population growth rate has dropped to 6.9‰, and the people's physique has been obviously improved.

in p>28, the outpatient building of three township hospitals, Changqing, Gaiyang and Linglu, was completed. Free premarital check-up service was launched in an all-round way. Since the resumption of premarital check-up, the premarital check-up rate in the county has reached 85%. Before the Qing Dynasty, Yongtai had traditional folk sports, such as martial arts, swimming, dragon boat rowing, lion dancing and dragon dancing. In addition, there are children's game sports such as kicking shuttlecock, skipping rope and tapping machine. As for playing chess, it has existed since ancient times. After the Republic of China, schools began to set up physical education class, and sports activities gradually developed. In the early 194s, many schools were moved from Fuzhou and other places because of Japanese invasion, and some people in the sports field also avoided chaos in Yongtai, whose sports activities once flourished. In 27 years (1938), the first county sports meeting was held, and then the second, third and fourth county sports meetings were held in 28 years, 3 years and 31 years respectively. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the schools moved back to their original places one after another, and many foreigners left Yongtai, so the sports activities were relatively reduced.

after the founding of the people's Republic of China, many government agencies and organizations have set up part-time sports staff, and they have promoted sports activities from time to time, showing a prosperous trend. In particular, broadcast gymnastics activities have been carried out well in institutions, schools, enterprises and institutions. Table tennis has also become a popular event, and basketball, volleyball and other activities are widely carried out in the county. In 1951, the first county-wide sports meeting was held after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and it was held once a year thereafter. By 1958, * * * held eight county-wide sports meetings. During the "difficult period" from 1959 to 1961, the county sports meeting was stopped, and the 9th county sports meeting was held in January 1967. Later, due to the "Cultural Revolution", it was not held until 1978 that the 1th county sports meeting was held. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, Yongtai's sports career has been restored and developed, but its popularity and competitive level are still not high. Only martial arts is quite famous, and the "Tiger Zun" boxing originated in Yongtai has now spread to Japan and some countries in Western Europe.

In p>28, I teamed up to participate in the 6th National Wushu Competition, and won two first prizes and two second prizes respectively. Since the 8th century, some skilled craftsmen have gradually emerged in the production and labor practice of Yongtai people. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, bronze bells of Chongguang Temple and Xiakuang Nengren Temple in the county town were cast. During the period from Song Yuanfeng to Qing Daoguang-year, silver mine in Taiyuan Yinchang, zinc mine in Leshan and molybdenum mine in Pubian were mined successively. The research results of Li Jun, a medical scientist in Qing Dynasty, are highly praised by medical circles. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the county had a good reputation for processing plum fruit, and after the 198s, the processed chemical nuclear Jiayingzi was even more famous at home and abroad. However, because it is located in the mountainous area, the traffic is inconvenient and it has been closed for a long time. Generally speaking, the development of science and technology in this county is relatively slow.

after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Yongtai gradually started the research and experiment of group science and technology. In the early days of the People's Republic of China, we focused on developing agricultural science and technology, and successively established Beidou Farm (thoroughbred farm), meteorological station, seed station, veterinary station, hydrological station, agricultural research institute and other institutions. And focus on water conservancy, agricultural technical guidance, soil improvement, introduction of improved varieties, promotion of chemical fertilizers, chemical pesticides, pest control and so on. Scientific and technological activities in industry were gradually strengthened in the late 195s and after the 196s. In March, 1959, the County Science and Technology Committee was established as a government functional organization to manage the county's science and technology. Since then, the county's scientific and technological team has expanded year by year, and the professional categories have gradually increased, and the technical level has also been continuously improved. However, due to the influence of the "Left" tendency, especially during the "Cultural Revolution", scientific and technological activities were seriously disturbed and destroyed. It was not until March 1975 that the organization of the Science and Technology Committee was restored, and after Jiang Qing's counter-revolutionary group was crushed, Yongtai's scientific and technological work was gradually put on the right track. In 1978, the county science and technology association was established, and then all towns and villages established science and technology associations one after another, and various professional associations were established one after another, which promoted the development of scientific and technological work in this county.

from p>1974 to 1985, there were 5 effective development projects in the county, including 12 in industry, 22 in agriculture, 6 in forestry, 4 in resource survey and 6 in comprehensive development of mountain resources. In 1986, the "Spark Plan" was implemented. By 1987, 37 scientific and technological projects were developed in two years, and 31 of them belonged to the "Spark Plan", including 2 national projects, 1 provincial project, 4 municipal projects and 24 county projects.

in p>28, 1 provincial, 7 municipal and 21 county-level scientific and technological projects were organized and implemented. Yongtai No.3 Middle School won the second prize in the 22nd National Youth Science and Technology Innovation Competition.