Description of "Archives Protection Technology and Replication Technology" (1)

Noun:

Microfilm technology: the original images of archives and technical documents are reduced by several times, dozens or even hundreds times by photography technology, recorded on photosensitive materials, and then microfilm is obtained through scene processing. When using, you must use optical equipment to zoom in and out before reading or copying.

Short answer questions:

First of all, explain the main characteristics of microfilm technology.

A: (1) The storage density is high.

(2) Good recording effect.

(3) The recording speed is fast.

(4) Uniform specifications.

(5) Wide application range and easy recovery of copies.

Second, briefly describe the main role of microfilm technology.

Answer: (1) Reduce storage space. If microfilm technology is adopted, the storage space can be saved by 85%-98%.

(2) protect the original.

(3) It is convenient for long-term storage.

(four), to facilitate the collection and exchange of files.

(5) It is convenient to provide, utilize and transmit information.

(6) Office efficiency can be improved.

Chapter II Forms of Microform

Name solution:

1. Microfilm: Various carriers including microfilm.

2. Single-sheet microfilm: refers to the microfilm managed, transmitted and used in loose-leaf units.

3. Envelope: It is made by putting the strip shot by the strip camera or the strip cut from 16MM and 35MM film into the envelope.

4. Window microfilm: It is a microfilm made by fixing one or more frames of microfilm outside the window of a standard window card. Mainly used for the management of technical drawings.

5. Microfilm: There are multiple frames of microfilm arranged in rows and columns on the same card.

Fill in the blanks:

1. Microfilms commonly used at present can be divided into two categories: (roll microfilm) and (sheet microfilm).

2. 16MM film can be divided into (normal film base) and (film base) according to the film base thickness, in which the normal film base thickness is (5.4 mil), the length of each microfilm disc is (30.5M), the film base thickness is (2.7 mil), and the length of each microfilm disc is (65.5). The standard size of microfilm Quan Huafu is (15/2 1 mm). The half-width is (15/ 10.5MM). 16MM film is generally used to shoot files with the format below (A3), such as documents, books and periodicals, tickets, etc.

3. There are two ways to fix microfilm in the window of the window card (edge-sticking type) and (loading type).

Single choice, multiple choice

1. Microfilms include: Volume A and Film B..

2. The roll type includes: A-piece disc type B-axis box type C-axis box type D-piece clip type.

3. The sheets are: A sheets, B envelope sheets, C window microfilms, D microfilms and E microfilms.

4. Microfilm: A printed microfilm and B photographic paper microfilm.

biographical notes

1. According to the different film widths and packaging methods, what kinds of forms can microfilm be divided into? Please explain their definitions separately?

Answer: (1) The commonly used roll microfilm can be divided into the following four types according to the film width:

① 16MM film: refers to the microfilm shot with the width of 16MM.

②35MM film: refers to microfilm with a width of 35MM.

(3) 70MM film: refers to microfilm with a width of 70MM.

④ 105MM film: refers to the microfilm shot with the width of 105MM.

(2) According to the different packaging methods, roll microfilm can be divided into the following four types:

(1) CD microfilm: 16MM or 35MM film is rolled on a CD and managed and used as a unit.

② Single-axis cassette microfilm: 16MM roll microfilm is packed in a special single-axis closed cassette, which is convenient for management and use.

③ Two-axis cassette microfilm: 16MM microfilm is packed in a two-axis sealed box, which is convenient for management and use.

⑤ Clip microfilm: It consists of a disc in the disc.

Second, explain the structure and main uses of 35MM coiled plate (15P).

Answer: (1) Specification: the width of the film is 35MM, the thickness is 5.4mil, and the length of each film is 30.5m The full width is 32/45mm and the half width is 32/22.5mm. 。

(II) Purpose: Mainly used for shooting large-format files and documents with high quality requirements.

Chapter III Microfilm Camera

First, single choice

1, commonly used microfilm cameras are: platform A microfilm camera B rotating microfilm camera.

2. Platform miniature cameras include: a common platform camera b reverse platform camera c plain film (step and repeat) camera d window miniature card.

3. The basic types of rotating miniature cameras are: a rotating miniature camera suitable for single-sided original, b rotating miniature camera suitable for double-sided original and c rotating miniature camera suitable for super-long original.

4. The main features of the platform-type miniature camera are: good shooting effect of A, many models of B, wide application range of C, high degree of automation of D and slow shooting speed of E..

fill (up) a vacancy

1, focusing methods can be divided into two categories (automatic focusing) and (manual focusing).

2. According to the imaging principle of optical lens, in order to make the lens image clear, the focal length, object distance and image distance of the lens must meet the imaging formula.

3. The rotary microfilm camera is suitable for shooting manuscripts (single page) with good paper quality and certain width requirements.

4. Rotary microfilm camera is a kind of photographic equipment used to shoot various single-page manuscripts.

Third, the name solution

1, 16MM anti-platform camera: The optical path direction is opposite to that of ordinary platform cameras, with the lens below and the lamp above, and equipped with automatic washing equipment.

2. Rotary microfilm camera: A rotary microfilm camera is a kind of microfilm equipment that uses the method of light seam scanning exposure to shoot rapidly and continuously when the original microfilm and photosensitive film move synchronously.

3. Transmission lighting: shooting with the transmitted light from the back of the manuscript.

Fourth, a brief description and discussion

1. What is a platform microfilm camera? What parts does its main structure include?

Answer: (1) The flat microfilm camera places the manuscript on the platen perpendicular to the lens optical axis, and exposes and images the manuscript while it is still with the photographic film. According to different microfilm specifications, microfilm cameras can be divided into 16MM, 35MM or 16/35MM dual-purpose, flat panel and window card.

(2) Structure: Its structure is mainly composed of fuselage, nose, lighting device, control system and its auxiliary equipment. ① The machine body includes manuscript table, column, cantilever, lifting mechanism, focusing system and other components.

② The machine head includes lens, shutter, film box, black box and film conveying device.

③ Lighting devices can be generally divided into reflective lighting and transmissive lighting.

(4) Control system In order to control the lifting of the camera head, the adjustment of the shutter start light and the operation of the film conveying mechanism, miniature cameras are generally equipped with electronic control systems.

2. Explain the definition of 35MM platform microfilm camera? Structure and its scope of application?

Answer: (1) is a flat-panel camera that uses 35MM microfilm to shoot the original.

(2) Its structure is mainly composed of fuselage, nose, lighting device, control system and its auxiliary equipment.

(3) Scope of application: large format (above A3 paper) microfilm with high image quality requirements.

Three. Explain the lighting pattern of the platform miniature camera (page 39).

Answer: (1) The lighting of miniature cameras can be generally divided into reflective lighting and transmissive lighting.

(2) Reflective lighting is a kind of lighting that uses the reflected light of the original to enter the lens for shooting.

(3) Transmission lighting is a lighting method that uses the light that passes through the manuscript to enter the lens to take pictures.

4. Explain the definition, scope of application, basic structure, characteristics and several main forms of 16MM platform microfilm camera?

A: (1) Definition: It is a platform microfilm camera used to make 16MM microfilms.

(II) Scope of application: It is mainly used for shooting small-format (A3 or below) manuscripts, requiring quick retrieval.

(3) Main structure: fuselage, nose, lighting device, control system, etc.

(4) Features: small size, equipped with a device that can shoot search symbols.

(5) Form: site type, desktop type, 16MM anti-platform type.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) explains the definition, characteristics and application scope of microfilm camera (page 40)

Answer: (1) Definition: Microfilm camera, also known as a kind of step-and-repeat camera, is a special machine for shooting 105/ 148MM microfilm.

(2) Features: self-development, integration of patting and punching, and direct output of micro-movies.

(III) Scope of application: It is mainly used for filming microfilms with too long manuscript and too small format (A3 or below).

6. Explain the definition, characteristics and uses of the window card microfilm camera.

Answer: (1) Definition: This camera is used to directly make microfilm cards with windows.

(2) Features: Racket and automatic flushing are integrated.

(3) Purpose: Photographing technical data such as technical drawings and engineering drawings.

7. Explain the features and uses of rotary microfilm cameras?

Answer: (1) Features: You only need 16MM film to shoot, with compact body and convenient installation and handling.

(2) Fast shooting speed and high efficiency.

(3) It can only be used to shoot single-page manuscripts with good paper quality and certain specifications, and cannot be used to shoot hardcover manuscripts with thick paper quality, large format and poor paper quality.

(4) Microfilm of single-line and double-line images can be made.

(5) The shooting quality of images is not as good as that of flat microfilm cameras.

Usage: generally used for shooting: ① the width is not large; ② Good paper quality; (3) a large number of single-page documents, such as checks, cards, letters and documents;

Chapter IV Photosensitive Materials

Single choice, multiple choice

1, photosensitive materials are divided into (silver salt photosensitive materials) and non-silver salt photosensitive materials.

2. According to the application in microfilming, photosensitive materials can be divided into three types: (photography), (reproduction) and (amplification).

3. Silver salt photographic film is mainly used for (photographing) non-silver salt photographic film is mainly used for (copying).

4. Common non-silver salt films are diazo film and microbubble film, and their photosensitive materials are diazo salt.

5. Commonly used laminating films include (silver salt) laminating film, (diazonium film) and micro bubble film.

6. Silver halide is a (photosensitizer) in the emulsifier layer and has photosensitive properties.

7. Silver halide crystals are sensitive to ultraviolet light (blue light) and violet light in the visible spectrum.

8. There are many kinds of sensitizers commonly used at present, which can be divided into chemical sensitizers and spectral sensitizers according to their sensitizing characteristics.

9. Back coating is the coating on the back of microfilm, which generally includes (anti-curling), (anti-static), (anti-halo) and other substances.

10. The more silver, the darker the color.

1 1, the greater the transmittance t value, the stronger the transmittance of the film.

12. The relationship between opacity and transmittance is mutual.

13. Generally, under the same development conditions, the density formed at the place with large exposure on the film is also (large); Where the exposure is small, the density is also (small); When the exposure is the same, the density is the same.

14. Under certain shadow conditions, the curve representing the change of film (density) with (exposure) is called film characteristic curve.

15. The height (b) of the original is directly proportional to the exposure (h) of the image it forms.

16, when r> 1 (i.e. △ > △D 1gh) means that the contrast of the image taken with this film is greater than that of the original.

17, when r

18, when r= 1 (that is, △D=△D 1gh), it shows that the image shot with this film truly reflects the contrast of the original, and the contrast of the image is the same as that of the original.

19, the film sensitivity s is inversely proportional to the exposure required to form the reference density under certain development conditions.

20. When the silver halide particles are coarse, the sensitivity is high.

2 1, with the extension of film storage time, the sensitivity will gradually (decrease).

22. There are many methods to evaluate the properties of silver image materials, among which vanishing distance method and magnification method are widely used.

23. A line and an interval are called a (line pair). Line pairs per millimeter.

24. The main factors affecting film clarity are (diffuse halo) and (reflective halo) produced when the emulsion layer is exposed.

25. The (anti-halo layer dye) added to the upper and lower layers or the back coating must be removed during processing, otherwise the transparency of the film will be affected.

26. There are two kinds of silver salt copies: (general) copy and (direct) copy.

27. Generally, the polarity of the copied image is opposite to that of the master, and the density increases with the increase of exposure; The polarity of the direct copy image is the same as that of the master, and its density decreases with the increase of exposure.

28, diazonium salt has (photosensitivity) and (coupling).