How do kindergarten teachers have a good lesson?

It is not difficult to attend classes, but it is not easy to have a good class. How to have a good class? I believe this is a question that all teachers think about. As a backbone Chinese teacher in primary schools, this is a problem that I have been thinking and exploring for many years. This year, after a week's study in Beijing Normal University, I listened to many experts' thoughts at close range, walked into the famous teacher's classroom, communicated with my colleagues for more than a week, and asked, "How to teach a good class?" This old problem has a new thinking. I think the main thing is that our teachers should work hard on reading, living, feeling and repairing.

First, "reading" means that teachers should do at least three "readings".

(1) Read the Curriculum Standards.

If you want to have a good class, you must first perceive and feel the new curriculum standard. In other words, primary school Chinese teachers should perceive and feel the new curriculum standards of primary school Chinese. Primary school mathematics teachers should perceive and understand the new curriculum standards of primary school mathematics. Going to class without knowing the standard is just like Chinese medicine can't distinguish the pulse and soldiers don't listen to the command. The result can only be failure. Even if you don't fail, you'll never do it well. Therefore, the standard of perception and understanding is the premise of every teacher!

(2) reading textbooks.

The first is to master and understand the teaching materials.

When using textbooks, teachers can distinguish which materials students need to master knowledge and skills by mastering textbooks skillfully. What transitional exercises are arranged for students to master knowledge and skills or better understand the background materials of what they have learned? Only by distinguishing different materials can we easily determine what kind of knowledge and skills students should master.

Then we should determine the key and difficult points of the textbook.

The focus is the core of the textbook. Only by learning the key content can we understand the other content and draw inferences from others. The textbook of any subject focuses on drawing new knowledge from known old knowledge, that is, on the part of explanation. Therefore, to determine the focus of the textbook, we must first find out what old knowledge we have learned, or based on old knowledge, which is easy for students to accept. Then, it is the focus of teaching to find out the brand-new knowledge that students have never touched or even know at all. The determination of the focus of teaching materials is conducive to the allocation of classroom time by teachers, the use of limited energy by students and the improvement of the learning efficiency of the whole class.

Teachers should be able to read articles and read out the key points and difficulties of the articles. Teachers should be thoughtful, smart and diligent. If our cultural literacy is not deep enough, we should read more and think more, enhance our cultural heritage and improve our cultural taste.

(3) Studying students means understanding students.

Teachers should "read" the quality of students' original knowledge and skills; "read" their interests, needs and ideological conditions; "Read" their learning methods and habits. On the basis of understanding, teachers should make predictions and foresee the problems that students will encounter when accepting new knowledge, so as to prescribe the right medicine.

Secondly, "living" is not only the innovation of teaching concept, the flexibility of teaching methods, but also the different requirements for each different student.

(A) let students take the initiative to participate in the classroom.

Suhomlinski said: "In people's hearts, there is a deep-rooted need to feel like a discoverer, researcher and explorer, and this need is particularly strong in children's spiritual world." How to seize this strong demand, let students actively participate in the formation of knowledge, induce good thinking emotions, make students think more actively, feel more keenly, imagine more, and remember more firmly?

(2) Teaching students cooperative learning methods.

The new curriculum standard advocates "independent, cooperative and inquiry learning mode". The student-student interaction in group cooperative learning makes students change from simple bystanders in traditional classroom teaching to active participants in teaching activities, and at the same time trains students to listen to and evaluate others' opinions and form their own opinions through brainstorming.

Only by teaching students the method of cooperative learning can the group cooperative learning in the classroom be truly implemented, so as not to become a mere formality, and to give full play to students' enthusiasm and inspiration, and generate can spark creativity and "make the classroom full of vitality".

(3) Change the "simplification" of classroom evaluation into "diversification".

Psychologists point out that there are no good students and poor students in primary schools, they are all promising students, and there are no smart children and stupid children, they are all potential children. Students should be evaluated from the perspective of student development, and the evaluation should be positioned to encourage students to make progress. They no longer require comparisons between students, and no longer strictly distinguish which students are good students and which students are medium or poor students. But from each student's own development to affirm his progress.

Thirdly, "emotion" means that teachers should have emotion in teaching and students should have emotion in learning.

As a teacher, first of all, we should be very clear that our teaching object is children. It is not an exaggeration to say that children are "emotional princes". Children's emotions will form a driving force. We should make use of students' emotions and let them actively participate in the teaching process. We should cultivate and develop students' emotions.

First of all, students should fall in love at the beginning of class. If students' emotions are compared to a "river", it needs external force to make them ripple and produce microwaves. Or fly gently on the water like a dragonfly; Still like a breeze blowing quietly on the water, I can't calm down. When I entered the classroom and taught a new class, I felt as if I had come to a clear river, so bright and fresh. From the beginning of the new lesson, a group of "dragonflies" will be released and a "breeze" will be sent, so the emotional river of children will ripple, and the learning of the new lesson will form a kind of expectation desire and attention psychology.

Secondly, gain emotion in the learning process. Most of the contents in primary school textbooks contain feelings, which requires teachers to touch students with feelings when teaching. The generation of students' emotions is closely related to their understanding. Specifically, in the process of learning, students' emotions are related to their understanding of textbooks. Therefore, an important part is to let students know and feel the emotional image in the textbook.

In addition to "emotion" and "emotion", the most important thing is to let students "empathize", that is, to understand the feelings contained in the text through their own feelings. "Empathy" should be realized through reading, and the so-called "reading a book a hundred times is self-evident" is the truth.

After students "empathize", they will have the need to express themselves, that is, to express their feelings through language, which is "lyric". How do students "confess"? I think application is the best "lyric". This application can answer questions, read or write.

Fourth, "cultivation" means that teachers should constantly strengthen their own cultivation, especially in literature.

First of all, teachers should love life, know what kind of life they love, and make unremitting efforts for the life they love. The job of Chinese teachers in primary schools is to cultivate students' Chinese literacy under the background of Chinese traditional culture. Under such a cultural background, what kind of life we pursue and how to pursue it all affect the decision-making of teachers and directly affect the cultivation of students. Only teachers who love life and make unremitting efforts will grow up with their students.

(2) Teachers should be good at thinking.

Teachers must have skeptical spirit, critical vision and constructive attitude in teaching life. To achieve these three points, the premise is that teachers should have rich knowledge and constantly learn new knowledge from books. On the other hand, if the updating cycle of teaching materials is short, you will feel uncomfortable and even be eliminated. We should also have a scientific way of thinking.

(3) Teachers should have a tolerant and kind heart.

In the process of learning, students are bound to make mistakes, even mistakes. Chinese teachers need a tolerant and loving childlike innocence to treat these problems correctly.

If you can't tolerate students' mistakes and face up to students' failures, just stare at a score; How can you love your students without a childlike innocence?

(4) Teachers should have the spirit of self-study.

To be a good teacher, you must always keep yourself a student. A person who doesn't like learning, can you teach students who love learning? Chinese teachers can only learn more knowledge from a lot of uninterrupted reading to meet the needs of teaching. A teacher who loves reading will often communicate more about books with students.

As a teacher, a good class is our eternal pursuit. I believe that every teacher has his own understanding of this problem. Let's constantly improve ourselves in communication!