What does ccd camera mean?

The Chinese full name of CCD is charge coupled device, which is a semiconductor imaging device. Based on the principle that the image of the object is focused on the CCD chip through the lens, a CCD camera is made, and the core component is the CCD image sensor.

As a new photoelectric converter, CCD image sensor has been widely used in camera shooting, image acquisition, scanner and industrial measurement. As a kind of camera device, compared with camera tube, CCD image sensor has a series of advantages, such as small size, light weight, high resolution, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, high geometric accuracy of photosensitive element, wide spectral response range, low working voltage, low power consumption, long life, good impact resistance and impact resistance, no interference from electromagnetic field and high reliability.

This is the basic architecture of a full-frame CCD:

Frame transmission) CCD

Generally speaking, we prefer electronically controlled exposure. Shutters (like any other fast-moving high-precision mechanical equipment) make the design more complicated, the final product more expensive and the whole system more prone to failure. In battery-powered applications, the extra energy required to drive physical objects is also undesirable.

FT-CCD allows us to retain some advantages of FF-CCD, and at the same time (almost) no shutter is needed. This is achieved by dividing the FF CCD into two parts of equal size. One part is a common photosensitive imaging array, and the other part is a storage array that shields the incident light.

After integration, the charge packets of all pixels are quickly transferred to the memory array, and then read out in the memory array. When reading the storage location, the effective pixels can accumulate charges for the next image, which makes the frame transmission CCD obtain a higher frame rate than the full frame CCD.

It is said that the FT architecture almost cancels the shutter, because the shutter-free design will encounter a problem called vertical tailing. The transfer of charge packets from effective pixels to storage locations is fast, but it does not happen instantaneously, so the light reaching the sensor during vertical transmission can change the image information.

The main disadvantage of FT architecture is higher cost and larger area compared with image quality, because FF sensors are basically used, and then the pixels are reduced by two times.