James's photography tutorial episode 10

When you start learning to play basketball, you should first cultivate your tactical awareness, otherwise you will always play basketball, not basketball! ! !

Basketball 1 is our favorite sport and one of the main contents of compulsory physical education courses in middle schools, with a very broad mass base. However, in basketball teaching and competition, we often find that students' skills and tactics are applied mechanically, with poor results, unreasonable movement to meet more demands, and they don't know how to choose positions when defending. The root of these problems lies in students' ignorance of the rules of basketball competition. In basketball, their awareness of basketball tactics is poor. Cultivating and improving middle school students' basketball tactical awareness will have a positive and far-reaching impact on improving the basketball level of middle school students' athletes. Middle school athletes are in the basic training stage, and the cultivation of tactical awareness should be placed in the same important position as other special abilities.

2 the concept of basketball tactical awareness

Consciousness is the advanced stage of psychological development, the most perfect reflection form unique to human beings, and the conscious and active projection of the objective reality by the human brain. Tactical consciousness is a conscious psychological activity of athletes to use tactics and techniques correctly and reasonably according to certain tactical purposes during the competition. Basketball tactical awareness is an athlete's understanding and rational application of the basic rules of basketball. Basketball tactical awareness comes from athletes' primary understanding of changing objective things in training and competition, from athletes' advanced understanding of the nature and development law of the sport they are engaged in, and shows its main characteristics and functions through athletes' specific actions.

3 the importance of cultivating basketball tactical awareness in middle school training and teaching

In recent years, in the teaching and training work, I have made some positive explorations in cultivating middle school students' basketball tactical awareness and achieved certain results. To sum up, there are the following points:

3. 1 From the perspective of the role of tactical awareness in basketball games, it is very necessary to cultivate the tactical awareness of middle school students. Tactical consciousness is known as the "living soul" on the sports field and is the crystallization of athletes' high wisdom. Tactical awareness is adapted to the technical and tactical level and intelligence level of athletes, and the strength of tactical awareness is often an important symbol to measure the level of a team. To understand the influence of tactical awareness on middle school students' athletes, the key is to get rid of the ideological shackles of "consciousness will naturally form and develop in training competitions", guide training with scientific theories and laws, adhere to the principle of intensive training, clarify the concept, characteristics and functions of tactical awareness in a targeted manner, and cultivate students' tactical awareness purposefully.

3.2 From the characteristics of basketball, it is necessary to cultivate middle school students' tactical awareness. The fierce, confrontational, complex and changeable characteristics of basketball determine that the game changes rapidly. In the game, players should take correct and decisive actions according to the changing situation on the field to achieve the effect of "attacking and defending". If they lack tactical awareness, they will only fight hard, not only consuming physical strength, but often getting twice the result with half the effort. At the same time, basketball, as a collective sport, should not only integrate the players into the whole team, but also make itself an individual with unique personality. All these require players to have the ability to analyze, judge and solve problems, and have quite a lot of thinking activities in a short time. Tactical thinking is the main component of tactical consciousness. The process from consciousness to action mainly depends on the foresight, agility and creativity of tactical thinking. Therefore, the cultivation and formation of middle school athletes' tactical awareness is closely related to their thinking activities. The formation of tactical awareness is the concrete embodiment of thinking activities in the implementation of tactical actions. Strengthening the cultivation of middle school students' thinking ability has a positive role in promoting the formation and development of their tactical consciousness.

3.3 From the psychological characteristics of middle school students' athletes, it is extremely possible to cultivate tactical awareness. The abstract thinking ability of middle school students' athletes is developing day by day, and gradually occupies the main position. Their knowledge can help them understand more abstract concepts. At the same time, the accuracy and durability of middle school athletes' observation have also been greatly developed. They are full of curiosity and confusion about the situation in training, which is the best opportunity for them to straighten out their thinking and enhance their thinking ability. Of course, because the skills and tactics of contact during this period are basic, their thinking ability is bound to be limited, which can not satisfy their thirst for knowledge. Therefore, the coach must seize the opportunity, guide the situation and follow the trend. Through repeated training, students can not only learn a variety of tactics, but also deeply understand these tactical awareness and apply them in practice. It is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of middle school students' sense of ball and position on the field without ball; It is necessary to exercise their will quality, strengthen their emotional self-control, learn to adjust their psychological state to adapt to the tense and intense atmosphere in the competition, and achieve calm and unconventional play.

3.4 From the training content of middle school athletes, it is feasible to cultivate tactical awareness. Tactical consciousness is abstract, and it has practical significance only in the application of techniques and tactics. Therefore, it is an effective method to cultivate tactical awareness in technical and tactical training. The formation of sports technology is a process of establishing dynamic stereotype, which is based on perceptual perception and processed by thinking. Therefore, the formation of technology is not only a process of strengthening dynamic stereotypes, but also a process of rational thinking, that is, the formation of technical consciousness. Therefore, technical training should not be a simple mechanical operation or simply increase the number of times and prolong the time, but should be explained, analyzed and strengthened frequently and repeatedly while practicing technical movements, so that middle school athletes can not only know why, but also know why, and organically combine perceptual knowledge with rational knowledge. Similarly, in tactical training, whether it is the cooperation of two or three people or the cooperation of the whole team, athletes should clarify their respective responsibilities, action lines and cooperation forms, deepen their understanding of the inherent laws of tactics through tactical analysis, and improve their tactical thinking ability; It is necessary to constantly strengthen the requirements and difficulties of training, and cultivate their ability to analyze and judge the situation, estimate and predict the changes in the situation, and make quick and decisive decisions through training to improve the effectiveness of tactical awareness; According to the different training contents, we should gradually cultivate tactical awareness, such as the running awareness of each position in fast break, the offensive line awareness and position awareness of players with and without the ball in the joint defense of offensive areas. As long as we persist and imperceptibly, our tactical awareness will continue to increase.

How to Cultivate and Improve Basketball Tactics Awareness of Middle School Students' Athletes

Tactics is the method used by athletes in the competition. How to use tactics correctly and reasonably depends on the level of athletes' tactical awareness. Therefore, in basketball training and teaching, the cultivation of tactical awareness is long-term. Tactical awareness is more important than technology, and technology can't be learned, but without correct tactical awareness, athletes will lose guidance in action and can't use technology reasonably. Therefore, cultivating and improving middle school students' basketball tactical awareness should be comprehensive and systematic, and should be placed in the same important position as technical and tactical training. In teaching and training, the following measures and methods can be taken:

4. 1 Make students master basketball theoretical knowledge and strengthen the study of special theories, and pay attention to the accumulation of experience. These three points are important means for athletes to become "intelligent" players.

4.2 Develop attention quality and improve observation ability. Basketball players' observation ability is the premise of grasping the ever-changing situation on the court at any time, making correct judgments and quick response actions. Let athletes learn to observe the trend of the game from the corner of their eyes, so as to broaden their horizons. During the game, athletes are required to observe the situation of defenders, the distribution of offensive players, the action intention of ball control players and the position of basketball on the court at any time, and actively look for fighters. 4.3 Strengthen the standardized training of skills and tactics. It is very important for every player to master comprehensive, solid and effective basic skills. Basketball tactical awareness can only be effectively reflected through skilled and excellent basic skills, so basic skills should be automated in training. However, it is particularly important to pay attention to the elements of tactical awareness in basic technical and tactical training, apply the content of tactical awareness, organically combine technical and tactical training with the cultivation of tactical awareness, and continuously improve the application ability of technical and tactical skills.

4.4 Pay attention to the training of tactical thinking. Stimulating tactical thinking is the core of cultivating basketball tactical awareness, and the agility and flexibility of tactical thinking is the central link of cultivating tactical awareness. Students are required to learn to use their brains in training, think actively in the training process, and organically combine tactical thinking with tactical training to achieve the purpose of cultivating tactical awareness. Therefore, teachers should be good at guiding athletes and students to practice around tactical purposes, and strive to achieve a high degree of coordination in the application of skills and tactics in terms of timing, orientation and coordination.

5 Summary and suggestions

Tactical consciousness contains two meanings in practice: one is to pay attention to the study and application of tactical methods in competitions; Second, we should use tactical awareness to practice skills in training. In basketball teaching and training, it is not only feasible to strengthen the cultivation of tactical awareness and deepen athletes' understanding of basketball rules. Therefore, it is an important guarantee to improve basketball tactical awareness to cultivate and improve athletes' observation and tactical thinking ability and pay attention to the accumulation and summary of competition experience. Only by making players have the ability to improvise, turn disadvantages into advantages and turn losses into victories under the circumstances of difficulties, passivity, defeat and interference of various factors can we really improve the level of basketball.

This is very important for ball practice! We also came from this stage.

1. 1 Swing the ball forward and sideways with one hand.

Open your feet left and right and hold the ball in front of you. When practicing, the left hand pushes the ball to the right hand, and the right hand leads the ball to your side, then pulls the ball back to your left hand in front of you and swings it to the left. First, the height of the swing ball can be required to reach the side lift position, and then reach the limit.

1. Swing the ball obliquely backwards and upwards with one hand.

Open your feet left and right and hold the ball in front of you, as shown in the figure. Push the ball with your left hand and swing it to the upper right oblique position with your right hand, control the ball with your fingers, and accelerate when you swing back. Accordingly, the left and right hands alternate.

2. Pull the ball back and forth with one hand.

Hold the ball with your left and right hands on both sides of your body. As shown in the figure. In practice, pull the ball backwards first, and when it reaches the limit, the forearm rotates outward quickly, and then swing the ball forward. Then, the forearm is rotated forward and the ball is pulled back. Go on like this. It is required to gradually increase the swing without losing control of the ball.

3. Hold the ball with one hand and swing around the ring

Spread your feet naturally and hold the ball in front of you. As shown in (Figure), when practicing, the right hand holds the ball and swings it around from the side of the body, and then hands it to the left hand in front of the body (there should be an obvious beep when passing the ball), and then the left hand swings the ball around and hands it to the right hand. Repeat this exercise.

4. Team up with one hand under the armpit and circle the head.

Spread your feet left and right, hold the ball with your right hand, the upper arm naturally droops, and the forearm lifts the ball horizontally. When circling, the elbow extends out and lifts up, while holding the ball in the palm of your hand. When the ball passes from the underarm to the backhand, the hand quickly lifts the ball around the hoop from front to left to back, and then hits the ball to the right and down. Then hand in your left hand to practice.

5. Exchange putting balls with both hands in the same position.

The feet are left and right, slightly wider than the shoulders, and the ball is placed on the ground in front of the right foot. As shown in Figure 5-2 1, in practice, push the right side of the ball with your right hand to make it roll to the right in front of your body, and then push the left side of the ball with your left hand to make it roll to the right in front of your body along the ground. According to this exercise, it is required to coordinate hard, move the whole body from side to side at any time, keep your hands on the ball, and the ball rolls smoothly.

6. Push the ball left and right with one hand.

Ready posture as above. In practice, when the right hand pushes the ball to the left front of the body, quickly change the right hand to the left front of the ball to stop the ball from rolling, and return the ball to the preparatory action with the backhand. Practice with your left hand after several times.

7. Squat and spin the ball in place.

Squat with your feet open naturally and put the ball on the ground in front of you. When practicing, take the left foot as the axis, push the right back side of the ball with your right hand, and roll the animation circle counterclockwise. After several times, change the left hand to push the ball and scroll the animation circle clockwise.

8. Push the ball around the body in place

Bend your legs together and put the ball on the ground in front of your right foot. When practicing, use the right hand side to roll the ball along the ground to the left. When it reaches the left side of the body, push the ball back with your left hand. When the ball reaches the body, roll the ball forward from the side of the body with your right hand. In this way, the speed can be changed from slow to fast.

9. Push the ball around the leg in the original position.

The left and right legs are wider than the shoulders, and the ball is placed in front of the right foot. When practicing, push and pull the ball backwards from the front of the ball with your right hand, so that the ball rolls backwards along the ground. When passing the ball from the outside of the right foot to the back of the leg, push the ball to the side of the ball, so that the ball rolls forward around the right leg from the crotch, and then push the ball to the front of the body with the left hand and then around the left leg. Just keep winding around your legs.

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1.2 practice of throwing and catching the ball

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1, throw and catch the ball with both hands

Split your legs left and right, and hold the ball with your hands in front of your chest and abdomen. During practice, Qi Xin will throw the ball up with his whole body, raise his heel when throwing the ball, and bend his knees when catching the ball.

2. Throw the ball with both hands, and then high-five.

The throwing method is the same as above. After throwing the ball, raise your hands above your head and high-five in front or behind your body. Catch the ball before it hits the ground and see who high-fives more.

3. Turn around after throwing the ball with both hands.

The throwing method is the same as above. After throwing the ball, turn it 360 degrees or 720 degrees. Then catch the ball.

4. Do push-ups after throwing the ball with both hands.

The throwing method is the same as above. After throwing the high ball, quickly squat down, do a push-up, and then catch the ball.

5. Throw the ball with your hands above your head

Split your legs left and right and hold the ball behind your hands. Throw the ball by raising the elbow, shaking the wrist and rotating the forearm outward, then fall in front of the body through the head and catch it with both hands.

6. Throw the ball in front of you and high-five to celebrate.

Spread your feet about shoulder width and hold the ball in front of your abdomen. In practice, throw the ball up with your hands, then high-five behind your back and quickly return to the front to catch the ball. It is required to throw the ball no higher than the head, and high five 1 to 3 times.

7. High five in front and catch the ball behind.

The left and right hands of your feet are about shoulder width apart, and your hands put the ball behind your head. When practicing, let go to make the ball roll down naturally along the back, clap your hands quickly in front of you for one or three times, and then catch the ball quickly behind your back to prevent the ball from landing.

8. bounce off the ground.

The left and right hands of your feet are about shoulder width apart, and your hands hold the ball in front of your body. When practicing, throw the ball up with both hands. When the ball bounces to the ground, both hands quickly reach forward and hold the ball, and the height of holding the ball is required to be below the knee. Throw the ball from low to high.

9. Throw and catch the ball alternately with one hand

Spread your feet back and forth naturally, and hold the ball in front of you with both hands. In practice, the right hand holds the ball and throws it forward and upward. When the ball falls, the left hand catches it, swings it backwards, then throws it forward and upward, and the right hand catches it. Go on like this.

10, throw the ball overhead with one hand and catch it.

Open your left hand and hold the ball on one side of your body (arms straight, palms up). Throw the ball arc with the upward force of the swing arm and wrist, and catch the ball with the right hand. Go on like this.

1 1. Throw the ball with one hand and catch it with the other shoulder.

Open your feet left and right, hold the ball behind your back with your right hand, then throw the ball over the opposite shoulder, then throw the ball over the opposite shoulder with your left hand from behind, catch the ball with your right hand, and practice throwing the ball with your hands alternately.

12, kick the ball.

Spread your legs naturally and hold the ball in your chest with your hands. When practicing, kick your legs forward alternately. When one leg kicks forward, one hand gives the ball to the lower thigh of the other hand. Repeat this exercise.

13, two hands pluck the ball in front of each other.

Spread your feet left and right, hold the ball with both hands, straighten your arms forward and pluck the ball with your fingers. When practicing, you can press the password rhythm, from slow to fast, from fast to slow, or from stretching to bending, and then from bending to stretching.

14. Jump the ball back and forth with your legs.

Open your feet left and right, squat down and hold the ball in front of you. In practice, throw the ball up slightly, quickly move your hand behind you, catch the ball under the stride, then throw the ball up slightly, and quickly move your hand forward to catch the ball under the stride. Keep doing this, from slow to fast.

15, catch the ball with both hands across the crotch.

Open your feet left and right, squat, step down with your right hand in front of your body and hold the ball with your left hand behind your body. When practicing, throw the ball up slightly with both hands, and quickly change the position of holding the ball with both hands (right hand behind, left hand in front) to catch the ball. Go on like this. After proficiency, you can ask to jump in place or practice while moving.

16, pass the ball around the leg

Stand with your legs together, bend forward, and hold the ball with your hands in front of your calves. In practice, the left hand holds the ball to the right hand behind the leg, and the right hand holds the ball to the left hand before the calf. Go on like this. The ball turns clockwise and counterclockwise, and the speed is practiced alternately from slow to fast.

17, pass the ball around the abdomen and back.

Stand with your feet side by side, holding the ball in front of your abdomen with both hands, passing the ball to your left hand through the side and back with your right hand, and passing the ball to your left hand with your left hand. Continue to practice passing the ball around the abdomen and back, alternating positive and negative directions.

18, pass the ball around the neck

Put your feet together, hold the ball in front of you with both hands, and practice passing the ball around your neck.

19, crotch

Open your feet left and right, slightly wider than your shoulders, and hold the ball with your hands in front of your knees. When practicing, the right hand holds the ball under the crotch and hands it to the left hand. The left hand holds the ball through the left leg and then passes it to the right hand under the crotch. So the trajectory of the ball is figure 8.

20. Walk between your legs

Spread your feet left and right, slightly wider than your shoulders, and hold the ball in front of your knees. In practice, the right leg takes a step forward, while the left hand holds the ball and gives it to the right hand between the legs, and the left foot continues to move forward. The right hand holds the ball outside the right leg, gives it to the left hand between the legs, and then moves forward to make a cross-legged ball. The driving speed can be changed from slow to fast, and the direction can be changed constantly.

Practice like this all the time

You can be a rookie in a month and a half.

References:

Long speech! !