Who discovered the electron?

Joseph Deng Yijun Musun discovered the electron.

Electrons are the earliest discovered elementary particles, usually represented by the symbol E, and are negatively charged. The electric quantity is1.602176634×10-19 coulombs, which is the smallest unit of electric quantity with a mass of 9. 10956× 10-. 1897 was discovered by British physicist Thomson Joseph John when he was studying cathode rays.

Thomson Joseph John is famous for his electron and isotope experiments. He is the third director of Cavendish Laboratory. A portrait of him studying cathode ray tubes is hung in the auditorium of the laboratory. It seems that he is not good at specific operation, but he understands the working principle of the instrument very quickly. Electrons All atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus and many electrons moving around it. The directional movement of electric charge forms an electric current, such as that in a metal wire.

Characteristics of electrons:

Electrons are classified as a light subclass of subatomic particles. Lepton is a basic particle into which matter is divided. The electron has one-half spin, which satisfies Fermion condition (according to Fermi-Dirac statistics). The charge of the electron is about-1.6×10-19 coulombs, and the mass is 9.10956×10-31kg. Usually expressed as e? . Particles whose electrical properties are opposite to those of electrons are called positrons. They have the same mass, spin and positive charge as electrons.

Electrons move around the nucleus in atoms. The greater the energy, the farther away from the trajectory of nuclear motion. The space where electrons move is called the electron layer, and the first layer can have at most two electrons. The second layer can have up to 8 electrons, the nth layer can hold up to 2n2 electrons, and the outermost layer can hold up to 8 electrons. The number of electrons in the last layer determines whether the chemical properties of a substance are active or not. Electrons 1, 2,3 are metallic elements, electrons 4,5,6,7 are nonmetallic elements, and electrons 8 are rare gas elements.

Electrons in matter can be lost or gained. The nature of matter gaining electrons is called oxidizability, and matter is an oxidant. The nature of matter losing electrons is called reducibility, and matter is a reducing agent. The degree of oxidation or reduction of a substance is determined by the difficulty of gaining and losing electrons, and has nothing to do with the number of electrons gained and lost.