Photography technical skills

Photography skills, now more and more people like photography, learning photography is not an easy task, and it is often necessary to master some skills when learning. Photography skills, let me answer this question for you, I hope everyone can understand it together!

Photography skills1i. Aperture

Aperture is a commonly used parameter in shooting, and its size can directly affect the amount of light entering and the depth of field, so it is very important to control the aperture when shooting. The representation of the aperture is generally expressed by F. The greater the value of F, the larger the aperture and the more light the lens gets. In short, the bigger the aperture, the brighter the picture will be. The relationship between aperture and depth of field is that the larger the aperture, the smaller the depth of field, and the smaller the aperture, the greater the depth of field.

When shooting, the adjustment of aperture size will affect the quality and presentation effect of the picture. If a small aperture of F 16 is used, the object and the subject can be as clear as the background. When taking landscape photos, you can narrow the aperture to a certain range, such as F8-F 16, which can present a clear picture texture as a whole. By adjusting the aperture, the virtual reality and layering of photos can be adjusted. When shooting still life and figures, you can blur the background appropriately to make the people more dreamy and real.

When adjusting the aperture, you should manually define the size. In shooting, Xiao Bai can highlight the main characteristics and behaviors of the characters as long as he understands that they are shot with large aperture and long focal length. Use a smaller aperture when shooting scenery, so that the greater the depth of field, the better the effect. You can practice a fixed still life or scenery repeatedly when you are a beginner.

Second, the shutter

Another important parameter that beginners need to learn is the adjustment of shutter. Shutter speed is closely related to exposure time. If the light is good and sufficient when shooting, the exposure time is short and the shutter speed is short. For beginners, you can choose the automatic file or the P file on the camera. These two gears are relatively easy to operate and don't require users to make too many adjustments. At the same time, the amount of light entering the photo can be adjusted, and the shutter can be adjusted empirically according to the environment and light effect when shooting.

Many scenes using shutters are used to shoot moving objects. If you find that the picture is blurred and the moving object is in a ball, there must be something wrong with your shutter speed. It is very important to adjust the shutter speed when shooting moving objects. If we can't control the relationship well, the picture will be either static or fuzzy. Shutter speed can only be defined after years of accumulation. For example, the shutter speed can be kept at1125 seconds when shooting a moving pedestrian, and it needs 1/65438+ when dripping water. There are certain rules to follow.

Third, the macro.

Macro shooting, as its name implies, is the main body of shooting small objects, such as small insects and food details. Macro shooting needs to make good use of light and shadow changes and composition skills. The definition of macro shooting is a key issue. If the photo is blurred, it will definitely not work. Micro-photography mainly describes the details vividly. Therefore, a tripod should be used as an assistant when shooting, because people tend to shake their hands when holding it. I always feel blurred when I enlarge it. With a tripod, you can fix the camera in a certain position, focus on the micro-world accurately, and ensure the clarity of the photos.

In fact, many cameras are equipped with macro lenses. Although its price is relatively high, it is not suitable for beginners, but the effect is very good. In fact, you can also take macro photos with a zoom lens and adjust them into macro files, which is flexible and convenient to use. When taking macro photos, you should avoid using too bright light, which is easy to produce various shadows. When the light effect is dim, you can supplement the light appropriately to coordinate the overall effect, and at the same time, you should present more details, ensure a reasonable camera ISO, and use the focal plane to learn what beginners in Yonghe City need.

Fourth, sensitivity.

Sensitivity is actually what we call ISO. People who have studied photography must know that aperture, shutter and sensitivity are called the three elements of exposure. Sensitivity refers to the camera's sensitivity to light. In traditional cameras, the setting of sensitivity is a fixed value and cannot be changed. Changes over the years will also change sensitivity. The higher the sensitivity, the stronger the sensitivity to light. Shooting in a dark environment can improve the ISO value, thus making the photos brighter and more noisy.

Sensitivity is particularly important when shooting at night. We can see from different photos that the higher the ISO sensitivity, the higher the brightness of the picture. Adjust ISO moderately when shooting, but it may explode if it is adjusted too high. If the light is insufficient and the ISO value is too low, darker photos will be taken. At the same time, the noise will increase after the sensitivity is improved, and the photos will be unclear. It is important to adjust the sensitivity when taking pictures.

Photography skills 2 1, make good use of metering mode.

Many novice photographers think that photometry is automatic, and there is not much research. Although the metering is automatically measured by the camera, we need to manually specify what metering mode to use according to the shooting scene. If you use the wrong metering mode, your photos will not be well exposed. Photometry is the most basic knowledge in photography, and everyone must master it.

There are four measurement modes: evaluation measurement, partial measurement, point measurement and center key measurement. In general, we can use evaluation metering, but in some cases, the exposure using evaluation metering is not so accurate. For example, shooting in complex light or high light ratio environment requires spot metering, so we need to know the usage of these four metering modes.

2, the correct use of white balance

Many people set the white balance to automatic, which is applicable in most scenarios. I usually set the white balance to automatic shooting, which is more convenient. However, in some special scenes, such as shooting blue sky, golden rape and green prairie, it is not so reliable to use automatic white balance, and it is difficult to restore the actual color of the scene. At this time, you need to use manual white balance to restore the color of the picture, such as shooting sunrise and sunset. The light at this time is similar to an incandescent lamp. Therefore, we need to manually adjust the white balance, choose the color temperature of 6000-7000K, and shoot warm yellow in line with sunrise and sunset, so as to conform to the atmosphere of sunrise and sunset.

Step 3 Use exposure compensation

Exposure compensation is a very good function, which can take photos with normal brightness under any light. Whether to increase exposure compensation or decrease exposure compensation in a scene depends on the law of "white plus black minus". Simply put, there is a large area of white in the scene, or other same light color, so we adopt the method of increasing exposure compensation, generally increasing the exposure of 0,5-1to make the brightness of the photo normal. If there is a large area of black in the scene, or other similar dark colors, we will take the method of reducing the exposure compensation, generally reducing the exposure of 0,5-1file to make the photo brightness normal.

4. Shooting skills of Gao Fancha scene.

When shooting a scene in Gao Fancha (for example, shooting sunrise and sunset), some photos taken by many photographers are either dead white due to overexposure or dead black due to underexposure. It is useless to use exposure compensation in this case. If you want to take photos with normal exposure in this environment, you can solve it in two ways. One is to use a gradient mirror filter, the dark part of the filter corresponds to the highlight part of the scene, and the bright part of the filter corresponds to the dark part of the scene, so that we can take a correct picture with a balanced light ratio.

In addition, we can also use the high dynamic range (HDR) function to shoot such scenes. HDR can keep the details of high-light parts and low-light parts, so as to take photos with balanced exposure.

Photography skill 3 1, how to shake it?

Swing is a technique for shooting moving objects. Its characteristic is to focus on the static part of photography and follow the subject by shaking the lens to show its sense of speed. Using this shooting method, you need to set the camera to the shutter priority mode, and then use a slower shutter speed, generally 1/30s or 1/60s. The camera should follow the subject closely and move with it to achieve the effect of clear subject and blurred background. Of course, there is a greater chance to take clearer photos by adopting continuous shooting's model.

2. How to place a tripod on a slope?

If you use a tripod to assist shooting on a slope, there are ways to keep the camera away from sudden danger. If we shoot on a rock or a slope on a mountain, let one leg of the tripod point to ourselves, so that the three legs of the tripod can stably support the camera and prevent it from falling.

3. How to avoid underexposure

Photographers are often underexposed when taking pictures, fearing that turning on the flash will be too bright and sacrifice the natural light of the scene environment. In this case, the best way is to use the exposure compensation function of the camera. As long as the exposure compensation function is pushed up one or two levels, the general darkening situation will be improved.

4. How to focus before composing?

First, focus the center of the picture on the face of the person to be photographed, half press the shutter button to complete the focusing and photometry procedures, press and hold the shutter button, and move the camera horizontally to re-compose.

5. What is the use of aperture priority?

Digital SLR cameras often have lenses with large aperture numbers. In automatic mode, camera programs tend to use a larger aperture to shorten the shutter time and reduce the bad shooting effect caused by vibration. However, the camera lens is usually reduced by about two levels from the maximum aperture to get the best image, so if you want to get a high-quality image, you can use the aperture priority automatic exposure to reduce the aperture from the maximum to a smaller one. In addition, a large aperture can achieve a small depth of field, which is conducive to highlighting the main body.

6. How to avoid glare

Direct sunlight will produce glare in the lens, which will seriously unbalance the contrast of the picture. At the same time, the incident light will be reflected by the lens surface to form a spot line on the CCD. A high-quality hood helps to limit glare, and using the smallest aperture can reduce these spots.