Space underwater photography HD

Although the desire of human beings to explore the deepest part of the earth is as strong as the desire to climb to the top of the world, it is far from enough to reach the deepest part of the ocean by strong curiosity alone. There, there is extreme pressure and complete darkness unknown to mankind; There are some strange sea creatures that have never been seen before. It is no exaggeration to say that about four-fifths of the earth has not been explored by human beings, and the Mariana Trench is one of the most mysterious places.

Deep exploration

Mariana Trench is the deepest known ocean. Even if the whole Himalayas sink to the bottom of the trench, the peak of Mount Everest is still 1.6 km from the sea level.

1960 65438+ 10 In October, the U.S. Navy's deep-sea submarine Trieste launched a historic deep-sea exploration journey-"Self-swimming Biological Program".

Jacques Picard, a legendary figure in the history of human deep-sea exploration, and Don Walsh, a naval lieutenant, took the "Trieste" deep-sea submarine and successfully dived to the bottom of the Mariana Trench with a depth of more than 65,438+100000 meters. The submarine stayed at the bottom of the sea for less than 20 minutes. However, before that, all the people who could dive to such a depth and successfully return were unmanned submarines. This deep diving action caused a sensation all over the world, setting a deep record for human exploration of the seabed.

From purchasing a deep-sea submarine, rectifying everything, and deploying all materials, the US Navy spent a total of nine months preparing for "Tiriast" and its team to participate in the "Autoswimming Biological Program". This project is a series of deep-sea scientific explorations carried out by them near Guam in the western Pacific Ocean-aiming at exploring marine geographic knowledge such as seawater transparency, underwater visibility and artificial sound transmission.

"Trieste" was invented by piccard's father, Swiss Augustine piccard. 1953, due to the crisis of scientific research funds, piccard Sr turned to the US Navy for help. At that time, the US Navy also needed a submarine design for deep-sea exploration. In order to prove their diving equipment to the US Navy, piccard and his son brought the design to the United States, purely for scientific research. 1958, the U.S navy was so impressed with their design that it bought the Trieste from piccard and his son and hired them as consultants.

In fact, Picard and his son have been testing Trieste repeatedly since 1953, constantly seeking to improve the design. Finally, they have decades of research and development experience. 1In August, 953, the Trieste dived to the bottom of the sea1080m, then to 3150m, and 1956 to 3,700m. 1958, the submarine's outer layer has been able to withstand the pressure of 7 kilometers deep, and after improvement, it can finally withstand the pressure of 10000 meters. Before the final test of the submarine, Trieste made a total of 64 dives. The participation of the US Navy gave piccard the opportunity to put his invention into action and realize his ultimate dream of underwater exploration.

The culmination of a state of extreme panic

1960 65438+1On October 23rd, Jacques Picard and Navy Captain Don Walsh arrived at the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean with the submarine "Trieste", and they arrived at 10 after diving for nearly five hours.

Depth 9 16m (Mariana Trench is 10

924 meters). The submarine Trieste did not carry any scientific instruments or carry out any scientific experiments in its deep diving operation. The purpose of this mission is only to reach the limit depth of human diving. When diving to a depth of 9 144 meters, suddenly there was a loud tearing sound in my ear, and everyone's heart hung up. However, they continued to dive and finally touched the black mud at the bottom of the trench.

In the ocean, every dive 10 meter is equivalent to an increase of 1 atmospheric pressure, and steel plates several millimeters thick will be as vulnerable as eggshells in the air at a depth of 10,000 meters. Because in 10

At a depth of 9 16 meters, the water pressure can be as high as 500 kilograms per square centimeter, that is, the pressure on the seabed is at least 1096 atmospheric pressure higher than the sea level (equivalent to more than 1000 times). Jacques Picard's deep-sea submarine couldn't bear the pressure at first. When he found cracks in the window glass, piccard decided to shorten the sailing time. After only staying at the bottom of the sea for 20 minutes, I had to return to the surface of the water, and the crack didn't appear any terrible situation in the process of floating for 3 hours 15 minutes. It was really lucky. "Trieste" (manned or unmanned) became the first ship to reach the deepest part of the ocean.

Prior to this, the general view of marine biologists was that there would be no life in the deepest part of the ocean. But it was this short 20 minutes that shocked the whole scientific community. Under the reflection of submarine searchlights, piccard witnessed a scene that humans had never seen before. They saw fresh life in a completely dark world.